Jaose
The jute -based tropical and subtropical crops are suitable for high temperature and humid climate above 20 C. The minimum temperature of germination is 13-14 C.
Due to the small jute seeds and weak top soil ability, it is very important to create a good soil environment when sowing.Generally, after the last harvest, the land plowing is rated in time.
The Yuanguo Rather was sowed from late March to early May. The seeds of the fruits were sowed from late April to mid -May, and the south was earlier in the north.
The upper part of the seedlings grows slowly, and they are afraid of waterlogging and drought.
The Tattoo tissue tissue contains newborn fibers and secondary fibers. Primary fiber comes from the primary elementary tissue. The fiber beam is long and the texture is soft and good.increase the proportion of primary fibers and improve fiber quality.
The number of valid plants per acre, the round fruit jute should be about 14,000 plants and the fruit has about 18,000.From June to July, it entered the long run, and Ma strains grew rapidly, and it grew about 5 cm daily.
After blooming, it enters the reproductive growth stage. When the plants are half -flowering and half -fruit, it is about half a month after flowering, and it is a mature harvesting period.The seedlings are cultivated or inserted with the original plant.Generally, when the fruits become brown, it can be harvested.
Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests
brown spot disease
symptom:This disease is also called jaoseki leaf spots or spots. The penetration of jute can occur. It mainly invades the leaves.The leaf spots are close to the irregular shape, yellow -brown to brown, the edges are darker, and the diseased parts are clear.
Control method:
(1) Timely turning after harvest will help the elimination of germs in the diseased and disabled tissue and reduce the source of infection.
(2) Institute of normalized areas and severe illness fields advocate rotation, especially water and drought work.
(3) Broadcasting healthy and full seeds, and sowing in an appropriate period to prevent premature sowing.
(4) Strengthen the management of Madian: Appropriately add Potassium fertilizer such as organic quality Fertilizers and plant ash to avoid over -applied nitrogen fertilizer, rectify discharge irrigation systems, and pay attention to clearing ditch stains and drooling and dampness and humidification.
(5) Early spray protection: optional spray 12%cream of cream 500 times liquid, or 30%oxygen chloride suspension 600 times solution, or 70%of the suspension 800 times solution, etc.Spray the seedlings 1 to 2 times; spray 2 to 3 times before or at the beginning of the onset of the planting period.
Bacterial cornering disease
symptom:Jute bacterial corneal spots are mainly infringing leaves.The injured blades have a polynoma, which is smaller (ranging from 1-2 mm horizontal diameter). It is first water -stained to pale brown, and then turned brown.The corner spots are dense, which eventually causes the leaves and even the whole leaves to dry, and it is easy to fall early.
Control method:
(1) Frequent hobby areas pay attention to finding and changing types of disease resistance.
(2) Avoid continuous work, the best production areas are best to implement rotation of hemps and rice.
(3) seed disinfection should be performed before sowing.agricultural sulfuricinininin or texycin or 88%hydraulicin or 20%risotin can be soaked for 2 to 3 hours, and the drain is picked up.
(4) Early spraying medicine prevention and control disease.
stem disease
symptom:The surface disease signs of this disease are small black particles with large needle tip, which is a kind of conidiated spores buried under the cortex.The disease often causes hemp seedlings to die and die, and the plants are withered and rooted by the stems and root.
Control method:
(1) Selection and species of high -yielding high -yield diseases.
(2) Actively improve cultivation and cultivation technology.
Night moth
Control method:The prevention and treatment of jaoseki night moths should take physical control and chemical prevention on the basis of grasping insect sentiments and protecting and using natural enemies, and actively create comprehensive prevention and control measures for biological control.Specifically grasp the following Links:
(1) Strengthen the investigation of insects and determine the moderate prevention and control period.
(3) Pharmaceutical prevention: Grasp the larvae 3000-4000 times liquid, or 90%of the 1000 times liquid of the enemy's grinless crystal, or 21%kill 4000-5000 times liquid before the 3 -year -old larvae.1 to 2 times, spray and spray.
(4) Biological prevention: For conditions, it can manually release Australian red -eye bees (150 bee Bags/hectares, 6000 heads/bee Bags, so that it forms natural bee colony with a parasitic rate of 90%).
SavoryPlant
Selection and rectification
Red linen's requirements for land are not strict. It is best to choose a thick black soil layer and a fertile soil.It must be finely tidy, mainly with Fu Qiu pine rake as the mainland in order to absorb precipitation.In the spring, the land is mainly based on rakes. It is best to take a dragon operation of , rake, fertilization, and sowing to facilitate drought to protect the ravioli.The ground can be flat on the ground.The quality of the whole land is poor. After sowing, not only is the seedlings slow and not neat, but also easily causes "Hanging seedlings".
Sowing in time
Early broadcast extended the effective birth period of red linen, which can increase production.It is better to sow the soil temperature at 0 to 5 cm at 12 C.When sowing, grab the cold tail warm head and grab the sunny day and complete it in time.The amount of sowing is determined by the quality of the seeds. The germination rate is 70%of the seeds, and the seed amount is 1.5 kg to 2 kg per 667 Square meters.
Advanced local conditions
Reasonable secret, timely management, promoting seedlings early.
Scientific fertilization
Each 667 Square meters of Fertilizer 22 kg, 11 kg of di ammonium, 23 kg of potassium sulfate (equivalent to 12.1 kg of purity nitrogen per 667 Square meters, 5 kg of five -phosphorus dioxide, and 7.6 kg of potassium oxide).
Irrigation
spring droughts will affect the growth of hemp seedlings and root system development. After the seedlings are fixed, they will be poured in time with topdressing, so that they are pursuing and watering, and the combination of Fertilizer and water to promote seedlings.
harvest
The full growth period of the red hemp is 120 to 150 days. When the process is mature, artificially harvested, and should not be too high to avoid affecting the output.
Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests
anthracnose
Control method:
(1) Strengthen seed quarantine to prevent the seeds from led to disease -free areas.
(2) Prevention and treatment of pharmaceuticals.Use 50%degenerate hywro -molic powder 100 times liquid, or 80%anthrax blessing wettable powder 100 times solution.Stir every 3 to 4 hours, soak at the temperature of 18 to 24 C for 24 hours, and pick up the seeds to sow.If it cannot be sowed in the encounter, it can be dried and set aside.
(3) Select the species of anti -anthrax, establish a disease -free farm, and choose seedless seeds.Combined with the seedlings of the seedlings, remove the diseased plants, and bring out the field to reduce the sources of fungal infection.Avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer, appropriately apply Potassium fertilizer to improve the disease resistance.Drain the water in time after the rain to prevent the moisture staying.Clear residual disease rods, and large -scale rotation is 1 to 2 years.
(4) Spray 50%degenerate special wettable powder at the beginning of the onset of 600-800 times, or 80%anthrax blessing wettable powder 800 times liquid, or 500 times liquid of 25%bromocobacterium wettable powder, spray 1 after 7 days, 1 dayTwo, 2 to 3 times in a row.
Root neat disease
Control method:
(1) The rotation of severe diseased fields can be made with rice, corn, sesame and other crops for more than 1 year.After the hemp is collected, the diseased residues and weeds are removed, and the main wintering places that destroy the nematodes are destroyed.Deeply cultivate soil, reasonable fertilization, and improve plant resistance.In the conditional area, it can prevent the root of 10 cm or a deeper layer of stasis, which can prevent root width from infection, reproduction and growth.
(2) Prevention and control of chemical pesticides: 10%of the acupoints are full of storage GR.
gray mold
Control method:
(1) seed treatment: 100%antibacterial special wettable powder is 100 times liquid, or 80%anthrax blessing wettable powder 100 times liquid before sowing.Mix 100kg seeds with 1kg of wet powder, and sow after storage for 3 to 5 days after mixing.
(2) Choose disease-resistant varieties, such as 7804, 72-2.For one year with corn, rice and other rotation, it can eliminate gray mold bacteria in the soil.After the harvest, remove the disability in the field and cultivate it deeply.Reasonable dense planting, cultivating grass in time, enhance the ventilation and light transmission of the field, and do a good job of drainage and drainage.
(3) Spray 50%degenerate degenerate wettable powder at the beginning of the onset, 500 times liquid, or 80%anthrax bustyl wettable powder 800 spray, or 50%sulfur wettable powder 1000 times liquid, or 50%multi -bacterial wettable wettable1000 times liquid.
Control method:
agricultural prevention and control, before the wintering larvae feathering, the treatment of corn, sorghum, cotton, etc. The stalks of the winter hosts are effective measures to eliminate wintering larvae and lower the sources of wintering insects.
Physical prevention and control, black light lure killing method.High -pressure seductive insect mercury lamp.
Bulfin
Control method:
(1) seed treatment, mix with a 50%degenerate degenerate powder with a weight of 0.5%of the seed weight.
(2) agricultural prevention and treatment, remove the field disabled tissue in the field of cleaning the countryside, and cultivate deep cultivation to reduce the source of wintering bacteria.The severe illness field is a rotation.
(3) Pharmacy prevention and treatment, spray 50%of the antibacterial special wettable powder at the beginning of the onset, 800 times the liquid, or 1: 1:200 times the Bordeaux liquid.
disease
Control method:
(1) Pharmacy, 40%of 40%of the seed weight of 0.5%dual wettable powder, or 0.5%of 20%of the rice feet green pink powder, or 0.5%50%degenerate degenerate wettable powder, or 0.5 0.5%Of 50%benzobenobacterium wettable powder is planted.
(2) agricultural prevention and treatment, with Sweet potato and valley crops for more than 3 years, can greatly reduce the disease.Applying the base Fertilizer, properly broadcasting late, reducing the time of the seedlings of seedlings, can effectively reduce the onset.
(3) Prevention and treatment of pharmaceuticals. After the unearthed by the red hemp, it can be controlled by 800 times the above pharmaceutical liquid liquid in the early stage of the disease or at the beginning of the onset.Spray once every 5 to 7 days for 2 to 3 consecutive times.
Linen
seedling period
Slow growth period: It takes 20-30 days. During this period, the main long root is fast, the underground part grows strong, the stem growth is slow, and the temperature is about 10 C;
Quick growth period: The above part of the ground will grow rapidly, which takes about 20 days. During this periodLong, the tingling longer; the
temperature
3-5 C, the seeds can germinate, the most suitable temperature for growth is 20-22 C;
During the dating period of water, it is rapid to grow to the budding period. This period requires the most water;
The linen is a long sun, and it takes more than 8-13 hours a day;
Linen has not strict requirements on Fertilizer, and requires less Fertilizer. It requires the organic matter content of the soil to be 2.7-5.3%, which is suitable for neutral and slightly acidic soil. It is advisable to be 6.5-7.0.
Choose a wet water, keeping water, Fertilizer and drainage, and the well -clean Pingchuan land. The drought is seriously selected. However, it must be drained. If possible, choose a plot closer to the water source.Land, soil with particularly fertile areas should be selected for land -breed linen in the medium Fertilizer.
Fertilization
Fertilization is an important measure for high -quality and high -yield linen.The fertilization of linen requires early fertilization and Fertilizer.Starting from the front stubble, the Fertilizer of the ground, and applying a large amount of farmhouse Fertilizer on the previous crop of linen, which is not only conducive to the growth of the previous stubble, but also leaves the linen of the linen.
Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests
Different disease, withering disease
100 grams of polymorrhea wettable powder per acre or 80%perbalized wettable powder 80 grams of water and 50-60 kg for spray prevention and control;
White powder, rust disease
Mura rust rust of milk oil 30-40 ml to 50-60 kg spray;
sticky insects, aphids
Using 25%Kung Fu Live oil 16 ml of water against 50 kg or the enemy kills 1000-1500 times solution for spray prevention and control; small land tiger
Chrysanthemums or organic phosphorus pesticides can be selected, spray prevention and control at the age of age, or can also be used for poisonous soil prevention and control.
Sword -linen
seedling standard
The seedling is 1.0 ~ 1.5 years, the seedlings are 60cm high, the leaves are 35 pieces, and the plant weighs more than 4kg.
Mainly Organic fertilizer, appropriately increase phosphorus, potassium, calcium Fertilizer, mix uniformly, and apply or acupuncture.
The planting time is good for March to May, and it should not be planted in the low temperature and dry season.It is strictly forbidden to plant in areas where jealousy zebra.The moving distance depends on the local climate, soil fertility, and the level of cultivation management.Generally, large row distances are 3.5 ~ 4.0m, small line spacing is 1.0 ~ 1.2m, the plant spacing is 0.9 ~ 1.2m, and about 4,500 per hectare.
Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests
zebra
Control measures:
(1) Mainly with comprehensive agricultural cultivation measures, supplemented by pharmaceuticals;
(2) The basic construction of Madian, which is mainly based on "water control", should be planted for low -lying, water accumulation, and susceptible areas, trimming and anti -flushing grooves, drainage grooves, and isolation grooves to prevent the spread of diseases;
(3) Do a good job of planting seedlings and disease prevention. Foreign seedlings must be strictly quarantined.
(4) Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer, add Potassium fertilizer, and regions with zebracidal diseases must be fully rotted after piles.
stem rot
Control measures:
(1) Adjust the cutting period.Stem corruption occurs during the high temperature period. Cutting leaves takes disease avoidance measures. Without affecting normal processing, the cutting period should be arranged as much as possible from November to February of the following year;
(2) increase lime and adjust the proportion of potassium and calcium.In addition to normal fertilization management, appropriately appropriately applied lime to the ward to improve the calcium content and enhance plant resistance;
(3) Pharmaceutical prevention: Easy -to -disease fields are cut in the high temperature stage. After 2D, the pheasant is used for the spraying port of 40%in 2D, and the amount of solution of 300kg of medicinal solution per hectare is used.
macular disease
Prevention measures: reasonable and dense planting, add lime or shell ash, and increase the content of calcium plants. The content of leaves of leaves is more than 2.5%; seeding bean crops to create protective forests.
Bringing blight
Prevention measures: Apply Potassium fertilizer or fire to burns soil, and prohibit potato or potassium -consuming crops such as sweet potatoes or cassava.
Fading green spotted disease
Prevention measures: Add calcium Fertilizer with high lime, shell ash or higher calcium content to reduce soil acidity to improve the content of soil and plant calcium, thereby achieving the prevention and treatment effect.
anthracnose
Prevention measures: 1%Bordeaux liquid or 0.5%to 1%of the fungal spirit can be used.
Cong Leaf Disease
Prevention measures: 1500 times with 40%Lesbon milk oil, 25%imidacloprid wettable powder 1000 times or 40%Le fruit 1000 spray kill, kill the matchmaker, and remove the diseased plant in time.
Ramie
Selection of the Garden
It is best to choose a place for the sun and drain well in the planting place, but the strength of the light should not be too strong, and the low water level should not be planted below 1 meter.It can adapt to sand soil to sticky soil, but the soil with loose soil grows best.
Sowing seedlings
During the sowing time from early March to early April, select the market conditions as seedbeds, apply enough base Fertilizer, and seakules can be sowed in fine rake.
The germination rate of general sowing is 30%, and the amount of sowing per acre is about 1 catties. During sowing, it is sowed with fine mud or plants ash. Pour water permeability once before sowing. The first layer of straw and crop straw, heat and moisturize.
After sowing, keep the soil moist. After the seedlings are emerged, as the seedlings grow, the coverage is gradually removed, and all the seedlings can be removed when the seedlings grow 6 slices of true leaves.
The timely interval seedlings during the seedling period can quickly grow the seedlings and increase the yield. Generally, the seedlings are generally performed during the 4 leaves. The 6 leaves enter the second seedlings. The plant spacing is 4-5cm, and 400-500 plants can be planted per Square meter.
While the seedlings, the diseased plants and weak seedlings can be removed to remove weeds, spraying potions to prevent disease pest pests. During this period, there are 1-2 times to loosen soil.The sprouts are neat, and there is also a layer in the sealing period, 4-5cm in China.
Fat Water Management
After the coverage is removed, the soil should be wet and wet. By the 3-4 leaf period, it can be properly applied with watering. At this time, some urine and Fertilizer can be applied in an appropriate amount, once a week, 2-3 times per week.
When the seedlings grow to about 20cm, the seedling Fertilizer should be applied at this time to promote the rapid growth of the seedlings. At about 60cm, they pay attention to long stalk Fertilizer. The Fertilizers are generally human and animal dung, cake Fertilizer or Urea. Generally, people and animals are applied per acre1000kg of Fertilizer and urine home, 100kg of cake Fertilizer, and 20kg of Urea. A small amount of boron Fertilizer can be applied in the peak growth season, which can increase yield.
harvest
Castle is a crop that has been harvested many times. The first harvest is in late May or early June. The head hemp is harvested early, prompting Erma early hair, and repeated work after harvesting.
The same inter -seeded weeding and Fertilizer and water management. The two hemps are generally in late July. After harvesting, weed, weed, and fertilize. We must also pay attention to the prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests and promote the healthy growth of Sanma.
In the late summer and early autumn, the disease is severe, and the climate changes are large. In addition to pests and insect pests, it is also necessary for drought and autumn and waterlogging measures. Sanmu can generally be harvested in late October or early November.
Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests
The main diseases are: root rot nematodes, white -grained feathers, rising diseases, and blue blight. In addition, there are anthracnose, corneal patients, brown spot disease, bronopathy, mildew, and cornal corruption.
Pests are: night moths, red pupa butterflies, yellow puppet butterflies, and sky cows.In order to harm the turtle, there are copper green Turtles, big black golden Turtles, and black velvet Turtles. In addition, there are ugly butterflies, silver -wicing night moths, and leafylons.
Special Mic 
