[navigation System] What are the working principles of the GBS navigation system?

Common GPS navigation systems are generally divided into five forms: mobile phone, PDA, multimedia, vehicle -mounted, notebook types.With the popularity of smartphones and mobile phones of PDA functions, the first three forms have begun to cross.In addition to the products that are integrated with the CD machine mentioned earlier, the GPS that comes with the original car of many models also belongs to this type.The convenience of notebook products has been limited in terms of use. In addition to some enthusiasts, few people use it for car navigation.

Types of GPS navigation System

1. mobile phone GPS

The Nokia series mobile phone using the S60 intelligent system is a typical representative of the mobile phone GPS navigation system.A GPS signal receiving module LD-3W is connected through the Bluetooth system (other models include LD-1W, LD-4W), and navigation operations can be performed through the navigation software in the mobile phone.

In general, the mobile navigation system is easy to carry. A small module will not become a burden at all. The price is relatively low in price than many GPS products, especially when you have a S60 phone, you only need to pay more 700 yuan more.You can get detailed navigation functions on the left and right.Of course, you can also buy a 1,500 yuan S60 mobile phone after getting a module.

2. PDA -type GPS

There are many PDA mobile phones in the market now. Dopod is a major brand. It has the functions of mobile phones and the practicality of PDA, which makes many business people feel a lot of affection for such products.After all, compared with the S60 system, whether it is the PALM system and the WindowsMobile system, the various types of software supporting are richer and the product is more functional.Of course, the navigation function of such products sometimes requires the Bluetooth GPS receiving module.

Because the PDA -type GPS is placed in the fuselage in the end of the navigation system, it is best to pay attention to the position of the body at all times. It is best to always place it under the front windshield.

3. Multimedia GPS

There are also some people who call this type of product as a car GPS. It can be understood so that they have almost no other functions except for use in the car.It is also because of the single nature of this function that can make them easier and practical.

This type of GPS also has a variety of prices according to different functions. In addition to individual low-priced or high-priced models, the main product price is concentrated in the range of 3,000-5000 yuan. The GPS navigation system in this range is also the most in the market at present the market.Mainstream.

Most car owners prefer the main reason for multimedia GPSs to be simple and easy to use.

4. Vehicle GPS, Notebook GPS

There is nothing to talk about these two products. The price of GPS integrating with the head of the machine has always been high. If it is not for higher requirements for the audio and video entertainment system itself, then choosing this system is entirely chargingBig.In addition to paying a higher price when buying a car when buying a car, the later map upgrade is also very high. Generally, a DVD map disc is nearly 1,000 yuan.

And the notebook GPS is more in a state of fever and play. Although the notebook is already small, it still cannot be fixed by a suction cup just as other products. Holding a 10 -inch guy on the car for navigation as a navigation on the car for navigation.It is not easy. It is more suitable for GPS enthusiasts to test, modify or software trials of homemade maps.

navigation system work principle

1. Orientation correction

1. Positioning

Find the location and rely on the synthetic positioning method.The method is to turn the route unit continuously with the quantity and angle.This process includes the accumulation of errors, but these errors are constantly compensated with the position of the digital map (map matching).Due to the GPS satellite positioning system, the vehicle is beyond the short -distance travel of the digital road network or after the shipping or railway transportation, the navigation system can still navigate navigable navigation without any problems.

2. Sensor

In order to find positions, two wheel sensors are often used to determine the changes in the journey and direction, and the absolute direction of traveling travel is determined by the ground magnetic sensor.

In essence, when traveling outside the range of digital maps, the GPS positioning system correction large sensor interference, or determines the revision point of the storage road network.A more modern system requires only a simple travel signal. For example, it often uses speed to determine the volume control of automobile radio.The changes in the direction are determined by a partiality sensor (gyroscope).The geomagnetic sensor is superfluous, and now it can determine the absolute direction of travel through the Doppler effect from the CP signal.

2. Receive destination

1. Name address record

Digital CD map contains name address records.Therefore, the destination can be logged in as an address. All regional catalogs (towns, villages) of all CDs can be used to find the required targets, and list the names of the storage road/street in turn.In order to further find out the destination, it is possible to find the road/street crossroads or street numbers.However, the displayed house number is still very limited, because it is necessary to clarify that the data costs too much.Some drivers rarely know the address of the destination, such as airports, railway stations, service platforms, car parking lots and more places.For this reason, the classification address records the address (POIS) that these people often care about.Use these addresses to log in or even find gas stations near the vehicle.The place where the destination is marked or calls the previously stored address on the map display is further choice.

2. Travel guide

As a reasonable development of POIS, CDS is now available as a travel guide. It is the result of joint cooperation between publishing companies and digital map manufacturers.For example: These CDSs can be used to find hotels near destinations.CDS information also includes the size, price and facilities of POIS.

Third, path calculation

1. Destination selection

It must be able to adapt to the path of the driver's hope.In many systems, optimize configuration with driving time or mileage.Path computing should be noticed at certain homework, such as avoiding highways/car highways, ferry connections and toll sections.Once the destination is determined, the initial calculation of the destination must be completed in half a minute.If the driver breaks away from the recommended path, this requires the system to re -calculate the path, and it is still fast.To select the alternative path, the driver presses the button to bypass the congestion section forward.

2. Dynamic path selection

Driving automatically through the traffic blocking area automatically, you can use RDS-TMC to encode the estimation of traffic information to achieve.This information can be received by RDS or GSM.

Fourth, path guidance

1. Decision of the path

Path guidance is achieved by comparing the current position of the vehicle to the path calculated by the computer.After a comprehensive analysis of the existing sections and the path that will continue to drive, the system can determine whether the driver must change the direction, or continue to follow the current road.

2. Recommend path and direction

Proposal and guidance in paths and directions are the first and first prompts.This allows the driver to run according to the prompt without affecting its operation.If it is possible in the scope (instrument panel) of the Lord, a simple graphic display is installed, and the driver can better grasp the direction.The conciseness of the sound and graphical indicator direction is the decisive factor of the quality of the path guidance.It is not the first choice to determine the driving direction from the display map, because it will disperse the driver's attention.

3. Dynamic path

Transportation blocking is automatically detoured by the traffic information code.This information code is silent in the traffic information channel (RDS-TMC) of the radio data system and is published parallel to the radio program.They have been included in the GSM service.

Five, map display

According to the design of the system, the map can be displayed with color monitors, and the map ratio is between 1: 8000 and 1: 16X10.Observe adjacent or farther routes according to the graphic ratio.The driver's orientation is based on the support of the background information of topography. They show that such as lakes, rivers, ditches, high -rise areas, railways and forests.

Six, road map storage

CD-ROM has become the main media of the storage road map.The storage structure of the data is the proprietary technology (confidential) of the manufacturer and significantly affect the performance of the system.For this reason, the current CDS on the market is a system of different manufacturers and is not compatible with each other.We are trying to standardize navigation CDS.

Due to the development of the digital region, the integrity of the road network and the increasing increase of additional information resources, the capacity of the CD-ROM (seemingly so huge) in the foreseeable future will be consumed.Digital universal CD (DVD), its capacity is much more than CD-ROM, and will definitely become its successor.& gt; & gt; GPS navigator ten brands

1. Can the surfing board be rented?

surfing can cause people to lose trouble and feel the stimulus of Fighting with the waves again and again.This is why many people are looking for the most perfect surfing place every day in the world, just to complete the perfect chase with the waves.The price of surfing boards is not cheap, so many people want to rent a surfing board before trying this sport to see how the experience can be rented?

surfing boards are also available, buying can also be bought. Generally, there are surfing clubs that are suitable for surfing. Just rent one to try. If surfing is used as a hobby, or you can learn a lot of free time, and transportation is also transported, and transportation is also transported.If it is convenient, it is recommended to have a surfboard.

2. How much does it cost to rent a surf board once

The previous article has simply learned that the surfboard can be rented, so how much does the surfing board rent at a time?

When the surfing board is rented, it is usually charged in the unit. It is usually 50 yuan an hour. It does not include teaching. If you need teaching, it is another price.

It should be noted that self -learning surfing is easy to deviate, and it is not necessary, and may even develop some bad habits of bad problems. Therefore, the most effective learning method is to report to the waves.Your method.

At 9:44 am on November 15, 2020, Eastern Time, there have been more than 2 million people in the world's new crown pneumonia.Behind the rising numbers, the ventilator is still short.According to the "Liuye knife" research, more than 50%of new coronary pneumonia patients will have difficulty breathing, and the use of non -invasive ventilation machines can improve symptoms.

On March 30, 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began to issue emergency use authorization (EUA) for non -invasive ventilator.On March 31, 2020 (April 1, Beijing time), Yuyue Medical was authorized, becoming the first domestic non -invasive ventilator R & D manufacturing enterprise in China, marking that Yuyue has obtained a pass to the United States resistance.

The threshold for approved speed -up is unchanged

Global gaps, Chinese aid.On the road of ventilator exit, the EU CE certification and the US FDA certification are the two most important pass permits, representing the entry threshold of the world's mainstream markets.According to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, only 8 of the 21 ventilator manufacturers across the country have obtained CE certification.

Earlier, Yuyue has obtained medical device registration certificates issued by the China State Drug Administration (NMPA), the EU CE certification, and the FDA urgently authorized authorization, Yuyue Medical has become one of the few "three certificates in hand in hand in hand"Medical brand.

fish Yue Win -clean Vecent Production Line

It is understood that the FDA registration cycle of the ventilator usually takes at least 6-9 months.In order to fill the ventilator gap as soon as possible, the FDA pressed the fast -forward key, but it did not reduce the requirements for applying for enterprises. It still has strict standards in terms of enterprise scale and quality management.

Anti -epidemic weapon again to fight international

Non -invasive ventilator played a key role in the anti -epidemic war in China.Several experts point out that most patients should be treated in a timely or medium period of the disease. If they find hypoxemia, it should be treated with non -invasive ventilator or high -flow oxygen therapy in time, which can greatly prevent patients from entering the critical stage.

Doctors in Wuhan Hospital use fish leapless ventilator

According to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in February 2020, China's ventilator output was about 15,000 units.As an important supplier of the world's unsecured ventilator, Yu Yue assisted 7,000 units nationwide, which is equivalent to half of the half -wall of China's non -invasive ventilator, which provides strong support for winning the Battle of Hubei and Wuhan's defense war.

A doctor who assisted the front line of Wuhan said that the operation of fish jump non -invasive ventilator is simple: "10 parameters show the same screen, and the blood oxygen pulse rate is simultaneously reducing the burden of fish leaps and opening the life channel for patients."

In order to put it into use as soon as possible, the export ventilator also equipped with auxiliary materials such as English use manuals, installation guidance videos, and common questions answering questions to help international doctors quickly be familiar with the equipment and scramble for patients.

The Tao is not far away, and there is no other country.Under the epidemic, professional, accurate and efficient aids are the wisdom of Chinese wisdom and the role of China under the epidemic.The epidemic will eventually end. After experiencing the test test, the community of human destiny will eventually usher in a better tomorrow!

1. Wired or wireless on the riding code watch

Wired code table

The wired code watch is mainly used to transmit the sensor signal through the data cable. It is the most commonly used code watch type.

Advantages: The performance is relatively stable, the speed of the speed is more accurate, and it is not easy to be disturbed. As long as a small battery can work, the electricity consumption is very low, and the price is usually cheaper.With luminous effect.

Disadvantages: The installation of a wired code watch is relatively troublesome, and it affects the beauty of the overall car.

Wireless

The wireless code table is actually an external sensor and magnetic head, but it does not need to use the data cable to transmit the model and directly receive the wireless reception.

Advantages: The installation of the wireless code table is relatively simple and convenient, and it does not affect the overall beauty of the car. The sensitivity of the sensor is stronger, and the functional design is more diverse and intelligent.

Disadvantages: Although the high -quality wireless code watch is accurate, the price is relatively high. The general price of the wireless code watch with a general price of less than 100 yuan is inaccurate and the performance is unstable. It will often be disturbed during use.

Through the introduction of the advantages and disadvantages of the bicycle wired code watch and wireless code watch above, you can buy according to your favorite and purchasing focus.

Second, the main point of buying the bicycle gauge

What parts need for cycling code

1. Together: It looks like an electronic timer, with LCD display, keys, metal contacts, etc., is the most important part of the code watch

2. table seats, connecting and sensors: The table seats are usually placed in the car's handle or stand to the head to fix the header.There is a connection on the wired table seat, connecting the seat seat with the sensor installed on the front fork.The wireless code watch has no connection, and the sensor transmits data to the header by transmitting wireless signals.

3. Sensing magnet: The spokes installed on the front wheel, the position is maintained with the sensor installed on the front fork.Essence

4. Poor frequency (non -standard accessory): The mid -to -high -end watch has the function of calculating the frequency, that is, the frequency of the driver's pedal.Common stepping device includes connecting, sensors, and induction magnets. The connection is used to connect to the sensor that connects the table and the triangle installed in the back triangle of the frame (the rear triangle here isPipe), induction magnets are often installed at the crank, the position corresponds to the sensor, and the working principle is the same.

5. Synthetic lighting (non -standard accessories): Installed on the table to illuminate the watch at night.

What are the quality of the Bicycle code table?

1. Accuracy of calculation: Ride information as much as possible.

2. Qualification of workmanship: It will not produce poor contact contact, easy connection to break, and no display on the head.

3. A certain degree of Earthquake resistance: Don't make a strike at a bumps.Of course, the bumps with too strong strength will also overwhelmed many code watches that usually perform well.If you are often engaged in high -intensity off -road, it is recommended to choose a code watch designed for this, and this code table will be mentioned later.

4. A certain degree of waterproof: riding outside, it is inevitable to encounter the situation of rain ride.If the precision electronic products encounter internal water, it will cause the product to fail, and the product will be scrapped.For example, waterproof fabrics have a certain waterproof index, and the code watch should also have a certain waterproof function.However, in the case of heavy rain, no matter how good the code watch you use, it is recommended to take it down and put it in a waterproof bag.

How to buy the Bicycle code watch

1. Select the required display parameters

A Bicycle code watch should at least be able to accurately display three sets of parameters: speed, mileage and time.Single -block surfaces can be obtained through GPS and presented on the screen, and the wireless code table with Bluetooth connection can be installed, which can be more accurate through peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripherals to measureValue.Select the functions required according to your own needs.

2. Choose the right brand price

The price of a bicycle gauge ranges from tens of yuan to thousands of yuan. The huge price difference makes many novices who have just entered the pit.Don't be too tangled with brand and complicated functions, the cost -effectiveness is the first place.If it is a road idiot, it is recommended to buy a code watch with navigation and map functions.

3. Choose your favorite operation method

bicycle code tables generally have two types: touch screen and keys. You can choose according to your own operating habits. Before buying, you can see if it is a full touch screen, double -key, three -key or four keys?The fewer keys, the simpler, but the response speed and the screen touch are not comparable to smartphones. On the contrary, although the button is effective, it is often too hard to press.The head drops it from the shelf.And once the codes go out at a high speed, I am afraid it will be worth it.

1. The benefits and disadvantages of streaming shoes

Creek shoes are a kind of shoes designed for Hiking and water activities.It has many benefits, but there are some disadvantages.

One of the benefits of streaming shoes is that they provide good protection.Creek shoes are usually made of waterproof and non -slip materials, which can protect the feet from damage to water, rocks and other obstacles.This kind of shoes can also reduce the impact during walking, relieve foot fatigue, and provide better support for the tired feet.

Another advantage of the stream shoes is their flexibility.This shoe is very light and can be easily put on and take off.They also have a strong grip and can provide better stability on the slippery ground.Not only that, streaming shoes can also help people walk better in different terrain and waters, walk on foot or conduct other outdoor activities.

In addition, Xiushu shoes have a waterproof function.This means that we can keep our feet dry when entering the water.Although we may pass through the river or lake, in these waters, we don't have to worry too much about the problem of wetness.

However, there are some disadvantages of Xiushu shoes.They are more expensive than ordinary shoes.Creek shoes are made of high -quality materials, which are durable, so the price is relatively expensive.Xiushu shoes may not be suitable for long -term walking or other long -term outdoor activities.Because their support on the feet and blood circulation, the use time may cause foot discomfort or other discomfort symptoms.

Although the shoes can be used in water, we still need to pay attention to safety issues.In some more dangerous waters, even wearing stream shoes need to be vigilant to avoid danger.

The streaming shoes have many advantages, such as providing good protection, strong flexibility, and waterproof function.However, there are also some shortcomings, such as high prices, impact on the feet.Therefore, when using Xiushu shoes, we also need to pay attention to safety issues and be vigilant.

2. Do you have to wear a stroke shoes if you go through the stream?

Xixi is a very popular outdoor sports activity. It allows people to swim in the streams of the mountains and feel the beauty and mystery of nature.However, many people often ignore a very important thing in performing streaming activities, that is, to wear special streaming shoes.

Why do you wear traces of stream shoes?First of all, the streaming shoes have a good non -slip effect.When walking in the stream, the water and sand on the rocks and stones will make the ground wet. If there is no anti -skilled shoes, it will easily slip down and hurt.The special -slip design on the bottom of the stream shoe can allow you to walk safely on the slippery ground.

Secondly, the streaming shoes have good breathability.When walking in the stream, the shoes will be soaked by water. If the shoes are not breathable, your feet will become humid and uncomfortable, and you will even slip off your shoes.Specialized streaming shoes are made of breathable materials, which can keep your feet dry and avoid unnecessary discomfort.

Finally, putting on the stream shoes can protect your feet.When walking in the stream, your feet will be exposed to rocks, stones and other sharp objects. If there is no protection, it will be easily scratched or injured.Specialized streaming shoes use wear -resistant materials, which can effectively protect your feet from external damage.

In short, wearing special streaming shoes is very important for the streaming activities.It can not only protect your feet, but also improve your safety and comfort.If you want to enjoy the fun of streaming, you must remember to put on the stream shoes!