[Plant seed preservation method] What are the commonly used seed storage methods of seed preservation method?
Several seed storage methods commonly used
seeds are the most basic agricultural production materials, the internal cause of agricultural production, and the carrier of various technical measures.Therefore, it is a key link in agricultural production, and it is also an important task in rural winter and spring.If the necessary knowledge and poor management will cause serious harm to pests, resulting in a reduction in the videline of the seeds, a reduction in the number, and severe the seeds of seeds, which will greatly lose agricultural production.Now introduce the storage methods of several main crop seeds:
1. corn
1.Ears store
This is a method of storage that is both economical and effective.This method is conducive to the cooked and dry after the seeds, reducing the harm of warehouses and microorganisms, but the use of warehouse capacity is low.Specific method: In the dry and cold area of winter, use sorghum stalks to prepare corn warehouses in the open -air venue and store fruit ears overwinter.Or leave the autumn corn ears.Suitable for farmhouses to store a small amount.However, this method should not be adopted in areas with high temperature and high humidity, because under such environmental conditions, corn can easily absorb moisturizing and recover, insects, mold, and dry, low temperature and closed storage methods must be adopted.
2.Grain storage
If the number of seed storage is large, this method is mostly used.The key is to reduce the moisture content of the seeds to less than 13 %.After the corn is decarned, the sun is dry and the warehouse is closed.During the storage period, the inspection of seed temperature, moisture and insect pests is strengthened. Once the phenomenon of fever, mildew, sweating, knotting, buds and insects should be taken in time, measures should be taken in time.At the same time, according to the weather and seed storage, ventilation and ventilation in time, and the seedlings must be carried out if necessary.
Two, Wheat
1.Heat in the warehouse storage
This is a storage method adopted by the heat resistance characteristics of Wheat, which has a good effect on insecticidal and promoting seeds.The method is simple and is not limited by the number of seeds.Specific methods: In the sunny weather, the Wheat seeds were exposed to reduce the water content below 12 %. The seed temperature reaches above 46 C but does not exceed 52 C. It lasts for two hours. Then quickly put the seeds into the warehouse while it is hot.And cover 2 to 3 layers of closed insulation, keep the seed temperature between 44 and 47 C. After 7 to 10 days, the sack was lifted and the ventilation temperature was performed until it was the same as the warehouse temperature, and then storage and storage were kept closed.
2.Pottery tank or altar storage method
This storage method is suitable for the storage of a small amount of Wheat species in farmhouses.That is, after washing the cylinder or altar to dry the sterilization and extinguishing insects, first put a certain amount of dried grass and wood ash on the bottom of the cylinder.The newspaper, the newspaper is strictly covered with a dry gray of about 10 cm thick, and then covered with sealing.Prevent moisture and insects during storage.
Third, rice
1.Warehouse storage method
This method requires that the seeds of the seeds are below 14 %.Before entering the warehouse, the board was put in the library, and a layer of grass curtain was spread on the board, and then the seeds were put in the seeds.The temperature of the warehouse is required to keep a stable state to avoid cold and heat.
2.Cellar method
This method is separated from the outside world, and the temperature and humidity change are small, which is not only suitable for storage of rice species with good maturity and low water content, but also for seeds with a little maturity and slightly high water content.The specific method is as follows: Choose a high -dry place, dig a long Square cellar, the depth of the cellar is 1.5 to 2 meters, and the width is not more than 2 meters.The rice seeds are covered with a mat, and then cover the soil for 30 to 60 cm. In early November, the seeds entered the cellar. When the temperature reached 0 to 2 C in April the following year, the seeds were removed.After the temperature rises in the spring, dry it in time to prevent the seeds from fever and deterioration.
Four, soybeans
Due to poor heat conduction of soybeans and prone to change at high temperatures, low temperature and closed storage methods should be adopted.Specific method: After the soybeans are designed, dry the air and dry in time, and control the seeds of the seeds below 12 %.After drying, spread out the cooling first, and then batch the library in batches.In addition to the closed doors and windows, the grasshopper or sacks that can be cleaned and disinfected by the bulk seed pile can also be placed through the clean and disinfected treatment. The cover should be flat, tight, and solid. This method can not only prevent moisture and insects.About 3 to 4 weeks after entering the warehouse, it should be carried out in time, ventilation, ventilation and wetness, and removing miscellaneous sieves to prevent abnormal conditions such as sweating, moldy, and red change.For farmers to store a small amount of seeds, you can use appliances such as glaze, altar tanks, or wooden boxes. The lower and upper parts are paved with some plants ash or dry sand and then closed. During the storage, it is mainly closed. However, it should be paid to timely ventilation.
Five, sorghum, valley
Select the seeds before entering the warehouse to remove impurities and batch grains.The specific method is as follows:
1.Ears storage method
When you choose spikes in the field, leave about 30 cm long stems, bundle small bundles, and hang it in the warehouse after drying.
2.seed
Several crop seed storage methods
Granular storage method
The seeds that have been descended must be dried enough to reduce the water to the safe water content (sorghum: below 13 %; valley: below 12.5 %), and store at low temperature densely.If the seed temperature is below 25 C, it can be safely stored. If the seed temperature exceeds 25 C, the seed water should be appropriately reduced.If the seeds enter the library, if the temperature decreases, it should be ventilated and cooling in a timely manner to prevent exposure.Pay attention to checking the moisture and fever of the seeds during storage.
Six, cotton
The cotton shell is hard, with short velvet on the surface, such as a large pile of storage, closed in the pile, short velvet and moisture. Due to the harvest of different periods, the maturity, and the water content of the water are different. ThereforeStorage after tie, it is best to use the frost before planting.The seeds are fully dry, and the water content is less than 12 % to enter the warehouse. It is suitable to control the height of the seed stack. It is advisable to ventilate and ventilate.Measurement.
In addition, during the storage process, new and old seeds cannot be stored together. Different crop seeds must be strictly prevented from mixed, and they cannot be mixed with Chemical Fertilizer pesticides. During the storage period, we must maintain relatively constant temperature and humidity, strengthen management, check regularly, find problems, find problems, and find problems.Take timely measures and solve it.
What are the seed preservation methods
1.
It is to store dry seeds in a dry environment, so that the seeds are often kept in dry storage during storage.In addition to drying the dry environment, it also needs to be combined with low -mild sealing conditions. This method can be adopted for seeds with low safe water content.
1, Ordinary Dry Tibetan Method
Usually storage of warehouses or basement in production.As long as the seed storage period is short (most1A), The safety water content is low and the germination ability will not be quickly lost in natural conditions, and it can be stored in a dry warehouse or in the basement.Some tree species mainly include fir, cedar, pipeline, locusting, oil pine, stinky, Hehuan, and cricket trees.The law is simple and easy to do, and the cost is low.The specific method is to put the seeds that have been properly dry and have reached a safe water content, put in a container (such as cloth Bags, sacks, barrels, boxes, etc.), and put them in storage rooms, cellar with low temperature, drying, and good ventilation., In -basement.It is necessary to check regularly during the storage. If the seeds are found to be hot, humid, and moldy, effective measures such as ventilation, dryness, stalling, and turning the warehouse should be taken immediately.
2, Low -temperature drying method
Place dry seeds in0~5, relative humidity is50%~60%storage under the conditions so that the life of the seeds can be kept1AThe above, but the seeds are required to be fully dry.To meet the standards of low temperature storage, there are generally special seed storage rooms or temperature -controlled and wet seed libraries.
3.
After loading the seeds into the container, seal it to isolate it from the external air, no gas exchange, and not affected by the changes in the humidity of the external environment.seeds (Yang, Liu, Elm, Sang, etc.) and precious seeds that need to be stored for a long time can be sealing and drying. This method is the best effect.The specific method is to put the seeds into the seal container and place it in0~5In the environment of .If the seeds are not large, use glass and other transparent containers to make it easy to observe the change of the seeds.To prevent the seeds of the seeds from rising, the desiccant must be placed in the seal container.Commonly used desiccants include: color -changing silicone, calcium chloride, charcoal, etc.seeds with low safe water content are the best storage effect with this method, but this method is not suitable for high moisture content seeds.
4, Super dry storage method
Also known as the storage of ultra -low moisture content, refers to the reduction of seed water content to5Below, a method of storage of seeds under the condition of room temperature or lower than room temperature after sealing.The effect of super dry treatment and low temperature storage is consistent, such as short -lived elm tree seeds, naturally stored1~2The month loses the germination power, and the super dry treatment reduces the moisture content of the seeds to2%Below, store at room temperature3The vitality of the month is still very high.Most seeds with low water content can be stored over dry storage, but different types of seeds have different degrees of dryness.Fat seeds have strong dryness and can be stored in super dry; starch and protein seeds have a large degree of resistance to dryness.The seeds are not dry and better, and there is a critical value of a super dry moisture.When the moisture content of the seed is lower than the critical value, the seed life is no longer extended, and dry damage occurs.The critical value of different seeds of different seeds is different.3%~5%The best moisture content of Eucommia seeds is super dry.3.5%~4.5%Essence
Second, wet Tibetan method
Put the seeds in a moist, moderate low -mild ventilation environment.Most of the seeds with high water content can be used in this method, such as: chestnuts, crickets, walnuts, etc., the temperature during wet hidden is best0~3Around .
1, Outdoor burial
Choose the width of high terrain, loose soil, good drainage, and backwind1~1.5MThe pit, the length is determined by the number of storage seeds. The depth requires below the soil frozen layer. Put some stones in the pit first, about the height10cmLeft and right, then spread some wet sand on it, the thickness is4CMOn the left and right, put the storage seeds on it, the seeds are placed on the ground10~20cmBy the time, it is covered with wet sand, and the soil is piled into a conical shape beyond the ground surface.10cm, Insert a pore bamboo Tube from the center of the pit to the bottom of the pit (for ventilation).The temperature and humidity in the pit are often checked, such as chestnuts, begonias, Du Li, etc. This method is well stored.
2, Indoor stacking method
The same is the same as the Outdoor burial. It is just sprinkled with water in the warehouse or the basement of the basement, and then supplemented by wet sand. The seeds are mixed with wet sand and stacked.
Special Mic 
