What parameters should I buy Outdoor Telescope?

1. Telescope mirror body logo

For example, the word "10x40" is printed on the left mirror shoulder. 10 indicates that the target is observed by the Telescope, which is 10 times more than the directly observation of the naked eye. Objects with a distance of 1,000 meters away are equivalent to only 100 meters away.

40 means that the diameter of the objective mirror is 40 mm. The larger the diameter of the objective mirror, the brighter the imaging, but the portability will decrease.There is also the word "114m/1000m" on the shoulder of the left mirror, which means that at a distance of 1000 meters, the range that can be seen through this Telescope is a circle with a diameter of 114 meters.It is 6.5 degrees to change the angle.

Other Telescope uses XX FT AT 1000yds to represent the size of the field. FT represents feet and YDS represents code. They are all British units.

2. BAK4 and BK7 material

BAK4 and BK7 are numbers of two different material optical glass.The refractive index of these two glass is different. The refractive index of BAK4 is high. For the PORRO prism material of BAK4, the incident light can be reflected 100%without considering absorption.Therefore, BAK4 has high light efficiency, but its price is also expensive. military Telescope and some high -quality civilian mirrors use Bak4 prism.The easiest way to judge the prism material is to view the shape of the pupil behind the eyepiece.

For the ROOF prism, because of its special structure, there is no difference in using these two materials, and the prism material cannot be distinguished from the shape of the pupil.For commercial considerations, it is meaningless from technical.

3. The significance of lens coating

When the light is on the surface of the lens, some light will be reflected. A typical Telescope has more than 10 reflective surfaces. Even if each reflection surface only reflects a few percentage Lights, plus the inside of the lens absorbs light, and finally enters into the lens.The light of the eyes may lose more than 50%, not only the imaging is dim, but also reflects the inside of the Telescope multiple times. Part of the eye mirror enters the eyes, forms glare, interference observation, and reduces the contrast of the imaging.

When a thin film on the surface of the lens is plated on the surface of the lens, it can improve the light transmission of this wavelength and light. The more common blue film is the simplest diaphragm.Movies can enhance the light transmittance of the entire-see-light-wave-paragraph.

There are many red film Telescopes on the market. This mirror is generally only applicable to high -light light environments such as snow. Daily use will cause problems such as dull imaging and severe color.In addition, in order to reduce costs, some mirrors are coated only on some lenses (generally the outer surface of objectives and eyepiece). Good mirrors will be coated on all lens surfaces. A better mirror will be plated on the surface of some lenses on multi -layer membranes on the surface of the lens surface.The best mirror will be plated on the surface of all the lens.The easiest way to judge the coating of a mirror is to observe the reflection of the lens. The darkened the reflective, the more transparent the lens, the better the coating.

4. waterproof and all -metal structure

Many Telescope will focus on highlighting the characteristics of nitrogen waterproof, because this is a typical feature of high -quality Telescope.It means that neither water vapor and dust cannot enter the interior of the Telescope. With the protection of dry nitrogen, the internal lenses will not be fog and mold, ensuring the long life of the Telescope, and it is also suitable for extremely harsh environments.Therefore, the general military Telescope, such as 95, uses the design of nitrogen -filled waterproof.Some civilian mirrors also use this design, and the price is very cheap, and 100 are available.

In addition, it is important to emphasize that this design does not directly bring optical improvement, and the only improvement is durability.At present, the Russian Telescope and domestic regular military Telescope are all metal structures (usually aluminum, and old -fashioned military Telescopes are often used by brass). The benefits of this structure are very durable, and there are disadvantages that are slowly aging and easy to deform.Although it cannot directly bring optical progress, it can ensure that optical parts have been in accurate positions, which will bring long -term stability in optics.Because the cost of metal structure is high, this structure is only used by military Telescopes and high -end civil microscopes, and ordinary civilian Telescope often uses a mixed structure of metal and plastic.

5. Porro (Paul) and ROOF (roof) prism

The image seen through a typical Campler Telescope is upside down upper, lower, left and right. In order to meet the needs of ground observation, a set of prism must be added behind the objective mirror (the real image of the distant goal).Turning to a positive image.The prisms with two structures have two structures, Porro prisms and ROOF prism.

The advantage of the Porro prism is that the structure is simple, the light transmittance is high, and the imaging quality is good, but the volume of the Telescope is large.

In order to overcome this shortcoming, the reverse Porro prism can be used, but it also brings new problems. The caliber of the objective mirror is small and is not suitable for use in a low -illumination environment.

The biggest advantage of the ROOF prism is that the volume of the Telescope after it can be used to the smallest, and the weight of the Telescope also decreases. However, the structure of this prism is complicated, and the transmission rate is 5%lower than the Porro prism.To be a high -quality ROOF prism Telescope, you need to pay a lot of money.

6. The diameter of the pupil and the distance of the pupil

The diameter of the pupil is the light spots formed by the image after the Telescope.

This is also an important indicator of the Telescope. It represents the success of the Telescope-like-bright-degree. If the distance from the pupil is too short, the eyes must be close to the eyepiece to see the entire viewing field.The pupil distance is too long and the goggles are too short, so it is easy to appear dark shadow when observing.The Telescope that grows the distance is suitable for people who wear eyes.Some grow pupil Telescope mirror hoods are designed as telescopic type, which is suitable for people with normal vision and people with eyes.

Generally speaking, the Telescope with pupils between 2.5 mm and 4 mm is more suitable for daily use. The Telescope between 4 mm and 7 mm, the day and low -illumination environment can still be observed, while the Telescope below 2.5 mm, even if the Telescope is below 2.5 mm, even if the Telescope below 2.5 mm, even if youDuring the day, the imaging brightness is also very low, and it is difficult to align with the pupils of the human eyes, and the comfort of observation is poor.The simple calculation formula of the pupil is the diameter/multiple of the objective mirror = the diameter of the pupil.For example, the 7x50 Telescope, the diameter of the pupils = 50/7 = 7.14 mm.The pupil distance refers to the longest distance of the eyes to see the eyes of the eyes.

7.Outdoor Telescope multiple

Generally speaking, ordinary handheld Telescope multiple should not exceed 10 times, because there will be slight jitter when holding the Telescope. When observing through the Telescope, this jitter will be large.There is no way to see the eyes that are shaking violently.This is also the reason why the magnification of the tancing mirror is generally only 7/8 times.The same diameter Telescope, the larger the view of the multiples.

Even the Telescope observed on the tripod, the multiple is limited, because the atmosphere is affected by the ground building and other factors, the density is not uniform.When passing through these uneven density atmosphere, slight refraction will occur, causing the image to blur.And the higher the Telescope multiple, the more obvious this vague.Generally speaking, in low altitude cities, the multiples of the Telescope should not exceed 40 times.

In addition, the magnification is large, and the actual field is small.In this way, it is not conducive to discovering and finding goals, and it is particularly unfavorable to observation of changing goals.Even if you find the target, the tripod shakes a little and it is easy to lose the target.For those without automatic tracking devices, they must be manually adjusted to keep the target in the field of vision.

In addition, the increase of multiples must also be required to improve the caliber of the material mirror to ensure that the imaging has sufficient brightness, and the human eye without brightness is unclear.In this way, the size and price of the Telescope will increase sharply.However, it should not be pursued one -sided pursuit. As for many high -magnitude binoculars on the market, the multiple is generally exaggerated, and a small part of the multiple is true. The reason for this situation is very simple.It is not popular Telescope knowledge. Since the market needs a high -power Telescope, it is better to meet the correct consumption concept of consumption.So choosing a Telescope is best to be a big brand Telescope.Generally speaking, the Telescope with a larger diameter and a higher Telescope is higher, and the coated mirror is more distinguished.

It is important to emphasize that the multiple of the Telescope is only one of the many associated factors that affect the resolution. It is not advisable to blindly pursue a large multiple.

outdoor sports Telescope buying points:

1. Waterproofing nitrogen and waterproof, outsourcing rubber, has a suitable multiple and caliber, portability and ease of use. Of course, the excellent optical quality is at least.The outdoor sports referred to here generally refer to the Hiking backbone camps, and the requirements for the Telescope are relatively complicated.

2. In order to prevent the penetration of rainwater or the foggy of lenses in the cold weather or the entry of dust caused by severe use for a long time, nitrogen -filled waterproof can fundamentally solve this problem.The sealing of the military Telescope with nitrogen is also very good. As long as it is not soaked in the water, the general rain and snow wind can still be dealt with.

3. Long -term use in the wild, unintentional bumps are inevitable. The design structure or unsatisfactory Telescope mirror can easily lead to optical damage such as shaft biased shadow.Rubber is a very good protection measure. In addition to shock absorption, it can also improve the feel and grip.Outdoor, the purpose of the Telescope is mostly observed, appreciating the landscape, bird watching beasts, and considering the requirements of hand shock and optics, the multiple of which is used at 6-8 times is very suitable.

4. As for the caliber, 20-40mm is ideal according to the focus and requirements of use.outdoor sports itself requires individuals to carry a large amount of equipment and supplies. When each gram of weight affects physical strength, it is unrealistic about pursuing optical performance and ignoring the volume and weight.The contradiction with optical properties is irreconcilable. Mirrors with large -caliber high brightness will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in the overall weight. Therefore, it can only make its own satisfactory compromise between weight and optical requirements according to personal requirements and hobbies.The Telescope of the roof spinal prism has a relatively small volume and weight, which is easy to carry. The disadvantage is that the price of complex manufacturing is relatively high.

5. Some basic optical indicators about the Telescope have their own definition and resolution for outdoor sports: This is the primary indicator. The poor resolution mirror can help you see the crocodile as a trunk.Pupil: It can be calculated simply with a multiples. The larger the number, the more suitable to capture your prey under dark light.

6. color restoration: The colors exist on many Telescope. The general observation may be not so strict, but if it is used for wild birds, you cannot correctly describe the color of bird feathers.Coating: The fake Russian Telescope using the street bright and flashing red film is really rape of the eyes. It causes light to lose light, the color restoration of the color, and it is easy to cause uncomfortable glare. The best coating can make you almost invisible the existence of the lens.Essence

In short, for different people, due to the different requirements, the choice of Outdoor Telescope will also be very different. There is no law of uniform applications. According to your requirements and preferences, choosing a suitable Outdoor Telescope will be right.Your wild life brings great fun.

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[military Telescope Buy] How to choose a military Telescope for military Telescopes for military Telescopes?

The basic principle of military Telescope is no different from ordinary civilian Telescopes, but it has higher requirements for the use environment, and the ability to observe the goals is clearer and stronger. This is the main difference between the existence of civilian Telescopes.The shell of the military Telescope is basically metal instead of plastic to ensure that it does not crack or deform after long -term use.In contrast, because of the different use environment and various requirements, ordinary civilian Telescope not only uses plastic shells, but also plastic in the internal lenses.

Buying a military Telescope, first of all, their optical systems are different.Most of the military Telescope has a branch board, and its split boards used at night also have lighting.The pupil distance of the military Telescope is relatively large, so that the observer can wear anti -virus masks.In order to prevent hitting the head during shooting, some aiming mirrors are as large as seven or eighty mm in pupils, and they must also have a moderate and moderate eye mask and lip. These obviously civilian Telescopes will not be considered.

In terms of optical performance and structural performance, the military Telescope is more excellent because its design is more cautious, with excellent materials and sophisticated craftsmanship, such as good quality and lack of mixed gitons.This also makes it more reliable in a harsh environment.

Due to high quality requirements, military Telescope must be tested before leaving the factory. Generally, it includes vibration tests, high temperature (1055 C) test, low temperature (one 45 C) test, rain or water -dip test, and gas tight test.After these experiments, product performance can still be guaranteed to leave the factory within the specified range.Some products also have their own dryer in the mirror body. When the factory is removed from the factory, the air is poured into the dry air or nitrogen to effectively prevent the internal lens from growing mildew in the future.Ordinary civilian Telescope generally does not do environmental tests, or only part of the test.This is difficult to understand from the market, and it cannot be seen from the product appearance alone.

Due to these differences, the design and manufacturing of military Telescopes must be much high, so its price is higher than that of ordinary civilian Telescopes.

From the above, the military Telescope is a special Telescope for the army of various countries, and it is essentially unable to enter the civilian field.

If you are not very familiar with the Telescope, it is recommended that you do not buy a military Telescope. The concept of military Telescope on the market now is stolen by many small manufacturers.The quality and quality cannot be guaranteed at all.

Do not buy a military Telescope because of the concept of military Telescope.In fact, a simple understanding knows that if it is a military Telescope, the country will not be sold.This is a military product.

There are wonderful tricks for the authenticity of the military Telescope

First, look at the material.military Telescope, all made of metal, strong sealing, waterproof and dust -proof, and anti -resistance, sturdy and durable.Some fake Telescopes on the market are hard -plastic shells inside, with camouflage, black, and gray -white rubber Skin on the outside. Its solidity and sealability are very poor and are easily damaged. The interior is easily invaded by water and dust.

Once the Telescope is invaded by water and dust, the observation effect will deteriorate.More importantly, all the military Telescope uses high -quality optical lenses. All lenses are plated with high -quality light orchids, light purple, and pale yellow to increase the coating. The prism is BAK4 material. The eyepiece is designed with a wide -angle field, making the Telescope clear.The degree is extremely high, and the observation field is extremely broad and sharp.

The fake Telescope uses ordinary or inferior optical materials. It has a bright red film on the lens. It is known as the "infrared night vision" function.In fact, it is not an infrared Telescope at all. The actual observation has a sense of vagueness and dizziness, and the optical performance is very poor.

Second, look at the appearance.The appearance of the military Telescope is generally black, and a few are camouflage.Both are painted on the metal or decorated with cadmium sulfide, and have metal sounds with a small hammer.In addition, there is a yin text number on the metal mirror.The fake Telescope, the appearance of camouflage or black rubber, has silver -white paint on the hard plastic shell, looks like metal, but it is not.Some also have a northern needle, coordinates, and mirrors with Russian, Russian emblems, cannons and red stars printed on the body. The red flash coating lens is also decorated with red star or eagle patterns.

Third, look at the three parameters indicating the performance of the Telescope: multiple, objective mirror inlet pores and vision value.The most important parameters are multiple and objective mirror inlet pores. The specifications of the Telescope are represented by these two parameters.For example, "8 30" indicates that the Telescope multiples are 8 times and the inlet pores of the object mirror are 30 mm.Generally, the handheld military Telescope multiples are between 6 and 20 times, of which 6 to 10 times are the best, and more than 10 times should be configured with triangle.Otherwise, the observation effect will become poor due to the impact of the shake, heartbeat, breathing and air flow of the hand.& gt; & gt; What does a Telescope multiplier mean

The regular military Telescope, the magnification is real, and the optical performance is extremely excellent.The fake Telescope is tens, hundreds, and thousands of times. It is claimed that it can see tens of hundreds of kilometers, and its true multiplier rate is generally between 3 and 6 times.A handheld binocular Telescope, which is more than 20 times by its standard, can be determined that it is a fake Telescope. If the reader and friends then refer to the comprehensive judgment of the knowledge mentioned earlier, it is not difficult to identify the authenticity of the Telescope.

What color is good for Telescope lens coating?

Careful friends may find a light color on the lens of your Telescope, especially from a angle. It is even more obvious.Some are blue and some are green.Do you think of this layer of color?The color of the Telescope lens refers to a layer of color with the surface of the eye mirror and object mirror as the surface of the car film. We are also called the lens film.

1. The role of the optical lens film: The physical principle is to destroy the scene observed from the lens under the light of direct light, which causes unreal imaging. In order to enhance the authenticity of the vision, it will be plated on the surface of the eyepiece and the surface of the objective mirror.Movies to increase light transmission, reducing the reflection of eye lens to light is that the observer can receive more light for easy observation.

2. The color classification of the glasses film: there are two types: single -layer membrane and multi -layer membrane.Single -layer membrane can only be used in a relatively simple entry -level Telescope, which can only be used in the light.Multi -layer membrane can increase the light of many bands, which can well eliminate the magnifying bias of the magnifying scene and improve the brightness of observation.Green film is a common multi -layer film, and the more formal green film Telescope in the market.Of course, the red -called infrared membrane is also a multi -layer membrane but most of the market is fakes.

3. What kind of film is good for the Telescope?It is a blue film or a good green film. This is the problem we care about.From the above -mentioned introduction, it can be seen that the green film lens is better than the red film. The red film as a monochrome will look monotonous and boring. After observation, it is easy to feel discomfort and cause eye fatigue.Green film is technically more difficult than the red film. The green membrane will be more comfortable and relaxed, and the transparent band is wider and more broad.

4. Personally think that novice friends can choose cheap blue film Telescope when they buy, because entry -level friends only understand the knowledge and skills of the use of Telescope through it.The quality of the mirror is not so high, and it is more affordable. Try the hand first, and it will be different when you get the good quality.Friends who have higher requirements for Telescope can choose green membrane lenses or even more advanced lenses.

[Telescope maintenance] How should the Telescope be maintained and how to clean and maintain the Telescope lens

Many people have Telescopes, and even many friends have military Telescopes. Although they have such good things, many people do not know how to use them and how to maintain them. Today, they answer questions for everyone.

1. Do not wipe the mirror or eyepiece mirror with other ordinary cloth, use the velvet cloth or other soft cloth to wipe the Telescope mirror mirror with a Telescope bag.

2. When removing the residual dirt or stains, you can drip one or two drops of alcohol. It is best to use a cloth to dip, because the drip is not easy to control.

3. Although everyone buys a waterproof mirror, there will be no use problems even if they fall into the water.But in terms of maintenance Telescopes, preservation Telescope in a dry environment is harmless to the baby's coating and Telescope.Waterproofing and nitrogen -filled functions are only in case of water falling and moisture, and they are not afraid of being subject to moisture.

4. Don't try to clear the interior of the Telescope or disassemble the Telescope. The Telescope is actually very complicated. The light shaft is broken on the dedicated to debug the light shaft of the Telescope to debug.As soon as the Telescope is disassembled, the light shaft will change, so that the imaging of the left and right Tube will not be overlapped, making your glasses uncomfortable, and in severe cases, you cannot use it at all.Do not fall, pressure or other severe actions of the Telescope, mainly because of the light axis of the Telescope, and it is easy to destroy the optical axis of the Telescope.

5. Do not use Telescope to directly observe the sun. This is a major precautions of all Telescopes. The strong sunlight through the focus of the Telescope, just like a magnifying glass, will burn your eyes!

6. Due to cost and self -weight, carry light consideration, most of the current Telescope is not a metal mirror body. It falls heavy, heavy pressure, and it is easy to damage.So everyone should love her like a Dog.

7. The desiccant is actually not meaningful for the waterproof Telescope. After a year, it will be thrown away.However, it is best to replace it regularly (half a year to one year) to prevent the internal moisture.The desiccant should be available, and some products are also available, which can be borrowed.

8. After using the baby, first look at the foreign body on the table when placing it. Do not place it on other items to prevent scratching or staining mirrors and eyepiece.

9. The Telescope still should be put on the drip. Do not put the eyepiece down.Because some parts are coated with lubricated fat, some places are designed with oil storage grooves. For a long time, the inverted time or the weather is too hot, and it may flow to the place where it should not be flowing.

[The world's largest Telescope] The clarity of the world's largest Telescope in the world is ten times that of Hubble

In 1995, Chinese astronomers proposed the idea of building a 500 -meter -caliber spherical sphere in the Karst depression, and was located in Dawo in Pingtang County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province.In 2007, the project was approved by national approval and became one of the nine major scientific and technological infrastructure in my country.fastEssence

Fast is called FIVE HUNDRED Meters Aperture Spherical Telescope (500 -meter -caliber spherical radio Telescope). It uses the unique terrain conditions of the unique design of Chinese scientists and the unique terrain conditions of the Karster depression in southern Guizhou, my country to build a high -sensitive giant radio electricity with a large high -sensitivity of about 30 football fields. Telescope.Compared with the 100 -meter Telescope of Germany, which is known as the "largest machine on the ground", FAST has increased by about 10 times the sensitivity; the United States ARECIBO 300m Telescope, which was ranked as the top ten projects in the 20th century project of the 20th century of the human 20th century,Compared with, its comprehensive performance has increased by about 10 times.As the world's largest single -caliber Telescope, Fast will maintain the status of world -class equipment in the next 20 to 30 years.

The FAST project has three major independent technological innovations: first, the first time in the world uses natural landform construction to build a giant Telescope; the other is to use active reflex surface technology.Innovation is a light cable dragging feed source support technology, reducing the 10,000 -ton platform to dozens of tons, achieving a millimeter -level dynamic positioning accuracy.The world's largest Telescope was officially put into use at the end of September 2016 and was open to the world. Astronomers in many countries have submitted a research and observation plan.

Profound meaning

As a multi -disciplinary basic research platform, FAST has the ability to extend neutral hydrogen observation to the edge of the universe, observe dark matter and dark energy, and find the first generation of celestial bodies.It can find about 7,000 pulse stars in one year, and study the material structure and physical laws in extreme state; there is hope to discover strange stars and quark stars; discover the neutron star -black hole double star, no need to rely on the model to accurately determine the quality of black holes; accurately through preciseThe reaching time of the determined pulse star to detect gravitational waves; as the largest station, add the international long baseline network to form a imaging image for the super fineness of the celestial body; it may also find that the high -red movement of the galaxy is also found.Observation breakthroughs; used to search for identifying possible interstellar communication signals, looking for external civilization.

Fast has important application value in major national needs.The Chinese space measurement and control capacity is extended from the Earth synchronization track to the outer edge of the Solar system, and the downward rate of deep space communication data is 100 times.The measurement accuracy of pulse stars has increased from the current 120 -nan seconds to 30 nan second seconds, becoming the most accurate pulse chronograph internationally, making pulse star clocks for independent navigation.Perform high -resolution microwave inspections, diagnose and identify weak space signals with a resolution of 1Hz, and serve national security as a passive strategic radar.As a non -related scattering radar receiving system for the "Wuwu Project", it provides high -resolution and high -efficiency ground observations; tracking and detecting the throwing of the coronation material to serve the space weather forecast.

Fast research involves many high -tech fields, such as antenna manufacturing, high -precision positioning and measurement, high -quality radio receiver, sensor network and intelligent information processing, ultra -broadband information transmission, massive data storage and processing.FAST key technical achievements can be applied to many related fields, such as large -scale structural engineering, high -precision dynamic measurement, large industrial robot development, and multi -wave radar device.FAST's construction experience will have an impact on the development of my country's manufacturing technology towards informationization, limit, and green.

With Fast, the remote and occluded Qiannan Karst Mountains will become the world's attention to the international astronomical academic center, becoming a new window that shows Guizhou to the world.The astronomical science popularization base with Fast as the main body will promote popular science work in western my country and even the whole country, educate young people, publicize the public and decision -making Levels, and serve the long -term strategic goals of science and education.