How to use a sight to aim

1. Visual differences return to zero

Newly bought new sights need to complete an important task before use: to zero the vision of the scope to reduce the shooting error and improve the accuracy.

2. school sight

Select the target target 10 meters away, aim at the target heart, take 5 rounds as a set of shooting, and adjust the knob according to the position of the bounce.For example: the bouncing point is distributed at the bottom right of the target heart, adjustable air biased knitting knobs, rotating the knob along the direction of L, so that the bounce point moves to the left in the horizontal direction, until the bounce point is basically directly below the target heart;Rotate the knob along the U direction, so that the bounce point moves slowly upward in the vertical direction until it basically coincides with the target heart.

The method of debugging of the scope

1. Set a white paper target, order a black spot at the target heart, hit the centers centered on the black spots, and then retreat to one hundred meters to set up a gun to fix the table, install the sight on the gun.

2. Remove the bolt, aim at the black spot on the white paper target from the barrel through the refractive mirror, and then hold the gun body, then press the cross from the sight of the sight to the black spots on the white paper target. Tighten it tightened.Aiming at the mirror adjustment knob.

3. The guns do not move in a fixed state, install a bullet with a bullet, and start!

4. Check the bomb point. If you are too upper, you can fine -tune the sight of the sight. If you are partial, fine -tuning, and the left to the left, and the right is fine -tuned to the right.

5. Take another shot and look at it again. Repeat this method until the bounce point is hitting the black spots on the cross on the white paper target, and the sight will be adjusted.

The debugging skills of the scope

1. When aiming, pay attention to the distance of the pupil, that is, the distance between the eyes and the sight, and the pupil distance has two effects. One is to avoid damage caused by the rear power to the human eye when shooting.The person's eyes can get the largest imaging area at the distance of the pupil.

2. When aiming, the human eyeball must be the same as the axis of light aiming, otherwise there will be vision.Aiming errors.On time, the surrounding shadow areas are uniform ring -shaped. The performance of the vision is that the shadow areas around the imaging area are uneven. Once the crescent area appears, the projectile will be biased towards the larger part of the crescent area.

3. There are two buttons in the middle of the sight. There are protective caps on these two buttons. After you spin the lid separately, you can see these two buttons.The button in the middle is increased.For example: there is a UP, one is down, and the direction of the UP will be automatically corrected upward.If you turn in the direction of down, the original bounce point will be automatically corrected downward.UP means upward in English, down means downward.The bounce point is biased down, and the direction of the UP indicator is turned. If the hit is high, follow the direction of writing down.In the knob on the side, the above is written by L, and one is written by R. If you turn along the direction of L, move the point to the left. If you turn in the direction of R, the bounce point will move to the right.L and R are capital of the first letters in English left and right, respectively.

4. Aiming a look at 1/4 inches at the British 100 yards (equivalent to 91 meters).The discounted public system is 6.35 mm.If there are about 30 mm (3 cm) in the horizontal direction of the bounce point and the target heart. If a grid at 91 meters is 6.35 mm.Then the actual movement volume of a grid at 10 meters, a look at the grid, is equivalent to 1/4 inches at the British -made 100 yards (equivalent to 91 meters).The discounted public system is 6.35 mm.There are about 30 mm in the horizontal bomb and target heart. If a grid at 91 meters is 6.35 mm.Then the actual amount of movement at 10 meters is to remove 9.35 with 9.35.Finally, about 0.7 mm.The adjustment amount is 30 mm.With 30 divisions of 0.7, it has to be screwed about 43 blocks.If it is a 30 -meter adjustment of one grid, it is 2.16 mm. If 30 meters 30 mm, it is 13.8 that is to twle out 14 grids.

Introduction to military Telescope

The optical systems of military Telescope are different.Most of the military Telescope has a branch board, and its split boards used at night also have lighting.The pupil distance of the military Telescope is relatively large, so that the observer can wear anti -virus masks.In order to prevent hitting the head during the shooting, some aiming mirrors are as large as seven or eighty mm in pupils, and they must also have a moderate tolerant eye mask and lip.

In terms of optical performance and structural performance, military Telescope is more excellent and reliable, because its design is more prudent, with excellent materials and exquisite craftsmanship, such as good quality, less mixed gitons, magnifying multiplication and pupil size matching.Real the best resolution.

Due to the high quality requirements, military Telescope must be tested before the factory, which generally includes vibration tests, high temperature (1055 C) test, low temperature (one 45 C) test, rain or water -soaking test, and gas test.After these experiments, product performance can still be guaranteed to leave the factory within the specified range.Some products also have their own dryer in the mirror body. When the factory is removed from the factory, the air is poured into the dry air or nitrogen to effectively prevent the internal lens from growing mildew in the future.Ordinary civilian Telescope generally does not do environmental tests, or only part of the test.This is difficult to understand from the market, and it cannot be seen from the product appearance alone.

military Telescope main structure

The mirror body: The mirror body is the main body of the Telescope, divided into left and right mirrors, connecting it by connecting the axis. Its role is to support the upper and lower rectangular prisms, connecting object mirrors and eyepiece groups.

The material mirror group: the material mirror group consists of a lens, a lens lens, etc.The material mirror group and the mirror body are connected together with a thread, and the role is to receive the light imaging of the distant object (or target) on the coke.

Eye mirror group: The eyepiece group consists of a lens, a eyepiece frame, a visual handwheel, etc.The eyepiece set and the mirror body are connected with a threading ring. Its role is to amplify the image of the material mirror for people's eyes to observe and turn the vision of the handwheel can be adjusted.It requires that its range is 4 refractives.

Connection shaft: The connection axis is the connector of the left and right mirrors of the Telescope, and it is also the hub that realizes the adjustment of the meson within 58-74mm.

Cover and strap: The lens shelter and the glasses lid are designed to protect the material mirror and eyepiece.When the Telescope is not in use, the cover should be covered to protect the lens without damage.The strap is connected to the left and right mirror of the Telescope. When used, the strap can be hung on the user's neck to prevent the Telescope from being disappointed.

How far can military Telescope be seen

Under normal circumstances, about 3000 meters can be seen. In fact, such a long distance is not very clear. It is best to hold about 1000 meters, so many details can be seen barely.

military Telescope multiple

Without the principle of "standards", regular military Telescope multiple is generally 7 times 8 times and 10 times.

The multiples of military Telescopes should not be too high. The reconnaissance requires a large field of vision, and the high -power Telescope does not meet this requirement. The multiple is super high, the field of view is super small, and it is not easy to find and discover the goals.

military Telescope has almost no more than 10 times.Do not use multiple standards.

In fact, there are also many times. For example, the whistle mirror is ten times twice, but it will be on the shelves, otherwise it will not be guaranteed to be clearly viewed.

How to use military Telescope

Using a Telescope, you must first set your vision.Handheld Telescope to observe the far targets of thousands of meters away.Set the left and right eyes, and turn the eye mirror vision to the snail until it is clear. Remember the number of points of vision.Then set the distance.Both eyes are observed through the Telescope and pulled the Telescope lens barrier, so that the two fields of fields are merged into a circular shape. At this time, the number of sections of the meson is the observer's mesh distance.After using the Telescope for the first time, you should remember your vision and mesh, and then you can directly install it when you use it.When observing the Telescope, hold hands, and the elbow clips are close to the chest. This posture is relatively solid. If there is work or other support, the elbow should be supported as much as possible, especially using a large -rate Telescope.Use a Telescope in the weather or strong sunlight to wear a filter to make the observation clearer.

The dense position in the military Telescope can use the formula of "upper interval, down 1000, dense positions, distances on both sides. If you want to obtain that number, diagonal to remove the neighbor"Follow the target distance.This is specifically described in "military topography", which is a required course for each officer or scout.

1. Meter distance adjustment

First, adjust the positive refractive scale of the Telescope left and right eye mirror to 0 scale.Hold the left and right mirrors of the Telescope with both hands, search for the distant targets at the same time or press the left, right mirror body at the same time, so that the eyesight of the Telescope is the same as the pupil of the human eye (the full view of the human eye is round.), Stop adjusting.

2. Material image adjustment

First search the target. After locking the target, rotate the left -eyed mirror vision hand wheel, so that the target image of the Telescope left branch system is completely clear, and then turn the right mirror vision hand wheel to make the right branch system target completely clear.After completing the adjustment of the observed goals.Because the Telescope light road design has a dynamic automatic focusing function, when the definition of the Telescope is adjusted, you do not need to be re -adjusted when you observe the different goals.

3. Use at night

When the environmental light is dim or at night, it is recommended to use a Telescope with a pupil diameter of more than 7mm.Because human eyes are about 2-3mm in the daytime, the pupil diameter is about 6-7mm in the dark, so the Telescope can collect more light than the naked eye.

The difference between civilian and military Telescope

First of all, their optical systems are different.Most of the military Telescope has a branch board, and its split boards used at night also have lighting.The pupil distance of the military Telescope is relatively large, so that the observer can wear anti -virus masks.In order to prevent hitting the head during the shooting, some aiming mirrors are as large as seven or eighty mm in pupils, and they must also have a moderate tolerant eye mask and lip.

In terms of optical performance and structural performance, military Telescope is more excellent and reliable, because its design is more prudent, with excellent materials and exquisite craftsmanship, such as good quality, less mixed gitons, magnifying multiplication and pupil size matching.Real the best resolution.The shell of the military Telescope use metal instead of plastic to ensure that it does not crack or deform after long -term use.In contrast, ordinary civilian Telescopes are worse in sealing and materials. Some are not only plastic shells, but even internal lenses are made of plastic.

Due to the high quality requirements, military Telescope must be tested before the factory, which generally includes vibration tests, high temperature (1055 C) test, low temperature (one 45 C) test, rain or water -soaking test, and gas test.After these experiments, product performance can still be guaranteed to leave the factory within the specified range.Some products also have their own dryer in the mirror body. When the factory is removed from the factory, the air is poured into the dry air or nitrogen to effectively prevent the internal lens from growing mildew in the future.Ordinary civilian Telescope generally does not do environmental tests, or only part of the test.This is difficult to understand from the market, and it cannot be seen from the product appearance alone.

Telescope maintenance

1. Ensure that the Telescope is placed in a ventilated, dry, and clean place to prevent mildew. If possible, put the desiccant around the Telescope and often replace it.

2. The dirt or stains left on the lens should be gently wiped with a professional cloth to avoid scraping the mirror surface. If you need to clean the mirror surface, you should take a little alcohol with dehydrated cotton.Wipe the edge of the edge, and keep changing the dehydrated cotton ball until the rubbing test is clean.

3. The Telescope is a precision instrument. Do not fall, pressure or do other violent movements on the Telescope.

4. Non -professional personnel should not try to disassemble the Telescope and clean the interior of the Telescope.

[Telescope parameters] Astronomical Telescope optical parameters explain in detail how to see the astronomical Telescope parameter

The caliber of the objective mirror (D)

The diameter of the objective mirror is the most important parameter of the Telescope. Generally, it refers to the effective diameter, that is, the diameter of the light, that is, the diameter of the incident pupil of the Telescope. It is the main symbol of the Telescope conservation, not the diameter of the glass of the lens.Generally, it is represented by an inch (in) or millimeter (mm). The larger the diameter, the more light it collects, and the better the brightness and sharpness of the imaging.

(Note: 1 in = 25.4 mm)

Cumping (Ji Guangli)

This is the ability to collect light compared with the eyes to collect light compared to the eyes.It is directly proportional to the area of the caliber.First, the caliber (unit: mm) of the Telescope is divided by 7mm (the size of the eyes of the young people's eyes), and then the obtained commercial Square is the result of the light.For example, the light power of the 8 -inch Telescope is 843 ((203.2/7) = 843).

Focus (F)

The distance from the lens (or main reflector) to the focus, usually the unit is millimeter (mm).Generally speaking, the longer the focal length of the Telescope, the larger the magnitude, the larger the size of the imaging, but the smaller the field of view.For example, compared with a Telescope with a focal length of 1000mm, the magnitude and field range of the 2000mm focal length Telescope are 2 times and 1/2 of the former, respectively.If you do nt know the focal length, you only know the Focal Ratio, you can get the focal length by calculating: the caliber (the unit is MM) by the coke ratio is the focal length.For example, a lens with a diameter of 8 inches (203.2mm) and a coking ratio is F/10, and its focal length is 203.2 x 10 = 2032mm.

Relators (A) and Jiao Bi (1/A)

The ratio of valid diameter D to the focal length F is called relative diameter or relative aperture A, that is, A = d/f.This is a sign of the light mirror light power, so sometimes A is light power.Comet, nebula or galaxy, etc. The imaging illuminance of the surface celestial body is proportional to the Square (A2) of the relative caliber; the so -called linear celestial imaging illumination and relative caliber D (D2/f) of the so -called linear celestial body imaging such as meteor or artificial satellite (D2/F)Propopy.Therefore, when making celestial photography, pay attention to choosing a suitable A or Coking 1/A (that is, F/D. The camera is called the number or coefficient of the aperture).

Distinguish

For the Telescope, it refers to Dawes Limit.That is, the ability to separate two stars with a very close distance, the unit is angle seconds 1 (sex of Arc).The resolution ability is directly related to the caliber, that is, the greater the diameter, the better the resolution ability.The theoretical resolution ability of the Telescope is 4.56 Apart from the diameter (unit: inches) of the Telescope.For example, the resolution ability of a Telescope with a diameter of 8 -inch is 0.6 (4.56/8 = 0.6).However, the discerning ability is also related to the atmosphere and the visual acuity of the observer.

Contrast

Observe low -contrast objects, such as the moon and the planet, we expect the highest imaging contrast.The Newton Telescope and reflection refraction Telescope have a secondary reflex mirror (or auxiliary mirror), which blocked the launch light of some main reflective mirrors.Unless more than 25% of the main reflectors are blocked, the contrast of imaging will not be greatly affected.In order to calculate the secondary blocking rate, the formula (Pi) R can be used to calculate the area of the primary and secondary reflex lenses.Then it can be eliminated.For example, if the diameter of the 8 -inch Telescope is 2 inches, the blocking rate is 11.8%:

8 -inch main area = (pi) r = (pi) 4 = 50.27

2 -inch secondary area = (pi) r = (pi) 1.375 = 5.94

The blocking rate = 5.94 is 11.8% of 50.27

Observation conditions (atmospheric disturbances) are the most important factor affecting the contrast and planet details.

Airy Disk Brilliance Factor

When you look at the stars with a good Telescope, you don't see a bigger image.This is because the distance from the stars to our distance is too far (so that the light emitted is parallel light, and it is directly gathered in the focus of the plane), so even if it is enlarged many times, the stars should look like light spots, not, not, notLight spots or light balls.However, if the Telescope mirror is enlarged to the multiple of the 60 -diameter size (unit: inch), if you look closely at this time, you will find that there is a halo around the stars.The physical characteristics of the lapse and light.For further observation, when the stars are located in the middle of the Telescope vision, two phenomena will appear in the magnifying star map: a bright area in the middle, called Eli spot, and a weak ring surrounded by or or a series of surrounds.Diffraction ring.

When you increase the size of the caliber, the Eli spot will become smaller.The brightness of Eli (the image brightness of the light source star) is proportional to the four squares of the diameter size.Theoretically, when you double the diameter of the Telescope, its resolution ability will double, and its collection of light will increase by 4 times.But more importantly, you can also turn the area of the Eliga into 1/4 times, thereby turning the brightness of the astrology into 16 times.

Out of light

The output of the Telescope refers to the diameter of the round beam of the eyepiece, and the unit is MM.In order to calculate the pupils, the caliber (unit MM) can be divided by the magnification of the eyepiece.For example, a magnification of a Telescope with a diameter of 8 inches (203.2mm) with a 20mm eyepiece mirror is 102, then its pupil is 2mm (203.2/102 = 2mm).Alternatively, you can also get the focal length of the eyepiece to get the pupil size with the coking of the Telescope.

Magnification

The amplification multiple is one of the most important parameters of the Telescope.The magnification of the Telescope is actually the ratio of the focal length of two independent optical systems -telescopic mirrors and the used eyepiece.

The focal length (unit: MM) of the Telescope mirror can be obtained by the zoom distance (unit: MM) of the eye mirror to get the magnitude of the Telescope.For example, the focal length of the Telescope with a model C8 is 2032mm. If you equipped with a 30mm eyepiece, the magnifying rate is 68X (2032/30 = 68)..Because the eyepiece is replaced, the Telescope can have different magnification as needed.

In actual use, the Telescope has an upper and lower limit amplification rate.This is determined by the characteristics of optical and eyes.In ideal, the maximum magnification available for the Telescope is about 60 times its diameter size (unit: inch).If the increase rate exceeds this upper limit, the image often becomes dim, and the contrast is reduced.For example, the maximum magnifying rate of a Telescope with a diameter of 60mm (that is, 2.4 -inch) is 142X.When the magnification continues to increase, the sharpness and details of the image will decrease.The higher magnification is usually used for the observation of the moon, planets and Gemini stars.Those manufacturers who call the 60mm caliber Telescope can reach 375 or even 750, which is actually misleading consumers.In the evening, the lower limit of the long mirror amplification rate is 3 to 4 times the caliber.The lower limit during the day is 8 to 10 times the caliber.If the amplifier rate is lower than this lower limit, due to the projection of the secondary reflex mirror or oblique mirror, a black spot will appear in the center of the reflection refraction Telescope or Newton Telescope.

Extreme stars, etc.

On the sunny night, use Telescope to observe the darkest star near the ceiling, etc., called the extreme star (MB). Extreme stars and other effective caliber, relative caliber, the absorption coefficient of the objective mirror, and the atmospheric absorption of the atmospheric mirrorThe system is related to various objective factors such as the brightness of the sky background, and it is also related to the visual sensitivity of the observer.The experience expression given by different authors is slightly different.The simpler estimate is MB = 6.9 5LGD. D is used in CM as a unit. For photographic observations, extreme stars, etc. are also related to dew time and negative characteristics.There is a commonly used experience formula: MB = 4 5LGD 2.15LGT type T is the limit exposure time, regardless of the negligent law of mutual failure, and does not consider the impact of urban lighting.The convenient method of testing the limited star of the Telescope is to use the standard star of the target star in the central government of the Star Group, or use the standard star of the Arctic Star (NPS) to estimate or calculate.

Diffraction limit (Ruili judgment)

Near the focus, the residual wave of the split Telescope is far less than 1/4 of the incident light wavelength.Such a Telescope is suitable for an astronomical Telescope.Near the focus of the combination optical system, the wave image difference of separate optical components must be less than 1/4.When the wave ahead of the wave is reduced (1/8 or 1/10 wavelength), the optical quality will be greatly improved.

Close focus

This refers to the nearest distance you can see clearly in the near -land observation task.

Field angle ()

The sky areas that can be used by the telescopic mirror directly in the eyes of the observer are called the field of view or field angle ().The viewing field of the Telescope is often determined during design.The refraction Telescope is restricted by the limitation of the image and is restricted to the viewing angle. The reflection Telescope or refractive Telescope is often influenced by the sub -mirror size and restricted the viewing angle.However, for celestial photography, the field may also be restrained by the size of the receiver.The viewing rate of the Telescope is inversely proportional. The larger the magnitude, the smaller the view.

When the value of the unknown field, you can measure it by itself.Met the stars near the Equatorial Eachi with a Telescope, adjust the instrument, and make the star statue pass in the center of the field.The instrument does not move (without turning instrument clock), record the time interval of the star through the field of view, set to T seconds, the redttire of the star body is , the viewing angle is = 15tcos

Optics

Ivability is all factors that cause imperfections.There are several aberrations in the Telescope design, without the so -called perfect optical system.Optical design engineers must be able to balance all kinds of aberrations to get the desired design results.Here are some different looking portraits in different Telescopes:

Polysis: It often appears on the objective mirror that reflects the Telescope because the lens cannot focus on the light of different wavelengths (color) to focus.As a result, there was a circle of halo around the bright objects.This phenomenon often worsen when the sensitivity and diameter increase.

Ball difference: Make light through different caliber angles through the lens (or transmitted from the mirror) cannot focus on the same point on the axis.It makes the image of the stars not look sharp, but a vague light spot.

Comet: It is mainly related to the parabolic reflection Telescope, which affects the imaging of the external axis, and it is often more obvious at the edge of the field of view.The image of the stars looks like a V -shaped pattern.For high -quality instruments, the smaller the Jiao Bi, the more obvious the comets on the edge will be, but there will be no comets in the center of the field of view.

Portrait: The aberration is stretched from the horizontal position to the vertical position on both sides to the vertical position at the best focus point.This is often caused by poor production or assembly errors.

Field song: It refers to the plane formed by the precise focus of light, but a curved surface.The center of the noodles may be sharp and accurate, but the edges are not focused or opposite.

1. How far can the high -power Telescope be seen

This is the first time I like to ask a friend who is in contact with the Telescope.The answer is infinite.In fact, the true intention of this question should be the ability to distinguish the Telescope.This involves three factors:1, Observe the environment, including light intensity and direction, contrast, atmospheric stability and transparency, etc.2The quality of the Telescope itself, including specifications, categories, accuracy, etc.3The vision condition after the observer himself, and the degree of use of Telescope proficiently.this3This is basically uncertain. If you only consider the identification ability of the Telescope itself, generally speaking, a Telescope with a larger diameter and a higher multiples is higher.PorroPrism Telescope ratioroofThe prism Telescope has a higher resolution, and the coated mirror has a higher resolution.

It is important to emphasize that the multiple of the Telescope is only one of the many associated factors that affect the resolution. It is not advisable to blindly pursue a large multiple.

Second, the higher the high -power Telescope multiples, the better, the better?

Many people always think that the higher the multiples, the better, and some manufacturers also attract consumers with false high multiple. In fact, the reasonable multiples of a Telescope are related to the caliber and observation method of the Telescope: large caliber, multiples can be higher appropriately higher than higher, which can be appropriately higher than higher.The fixed observation with the triangle can be higher than the handheld observation.

If you choose the two -Tube Telescope with observations,7-10Between times enough, do not exceed the highest12More than, the higher the multiple, the smaller and darker the observation field, and the observation effect will decrease, especially the jitter brought by the high multiplier has greatly increased, making the observation scene unable to stabilize, and it is difficult to observe normally.

The multiple of the Telescope is theoretically inversely proportional to the visual field of the Telescope. The higher the multiple, the smaller the view.Therefore, the multiples of the Telescope are not too large.50mmThe diameter binocular Telescope, if it is here20The double is basically the limit. If the multiple is large, the field of vision is too small.It is basically impossible.

Although there are many Telescopes of the United States and Russia's equipment forces in the world, most of them are6-10Mainly, the Telescope produced by some world -famous brands is also as many as the medium rate. This is because a clear and stable imaging is the most important.

At present, the top Telescope in the world is generally adopted42mmcaliber,8-10The multiplier rate is OK.

So as a Telescope for our daily Outdoor use, it is recommended to choose7-10Times.Exceed10Try not to choose as much as possible.If it exceeds10It is recommended to use the triangle.

Third, Telescope common sense

1. Elimination multiple (angle rate):For example, 10 * 50 Telescope, 10 is a multiples. It is an enlarged corner that enlarges people to see the objects, making you feel that it is close to the object from the sense.Okay, too, the jitter and heartbeat of the hand, the ups and downs of the heartbeat, and the air convection at the same time, so that the image of the object you observe has a floating and unstable feeling, so it is generally not more than 20 times that it is best to be about 10 times.At present, some illegal actors can tell the general Telescope as tens of times or even hundreds of times in order to cater to some customers' pursuit of high multiplication. In fact, as long as they are purchased, they can identify the external goals.In addition, many customers often care about how far the Telescope can see.This view is actually uncertain.The multiple of a Telescope does not indicate how far it can see.Human's naked eye can see endless far, not to mention Telescope.To be precise, the magnification is only how many times the scene is brought closer on the basis of human eye under the condition of visibility.

2. object mirror (inlet hole diameter):For example, 10 * 50,50 is 50mm in the inlet pores.The larger the aperture, the bigger the light.The higher the clarity, the greater the aperture and the larger the volume weight, which not only increases production costs, but also is not convenient to carry.In order to increase the light transmission of light, the observed objects are brighter and clear, and the color is realistic. The coating process is basically used in the production process.From the appearance, it also plays a decorative role. Generally, it is red film and Ranla, especially the red film is loved by consumers.However, the coating Telescope (red film) still belongs to the Telescope used during the day, not what people say: "Far infrared night vision instrument".Can't use it.The price is also more than thousands of yuan, and it is not applied by ordinary customers.

3. Style (structure):It can be divided into two types: Paul and straight.Paul style Telescope is a traditional structural form.It is imaged through prism, with clear images and generous styles.However, due to the prism group, the physical tax is large.Fortunately, the development capabilities manufacturers have developed a small Paul new product with a small size and light weight.Another style is currently a popular straight Telescope.Its biggest advantage is that it is small in size, simple structure, easy to carry, and also reduces production costs. The price makes it easier for consumers to accept.

4, appearance: In addition to the coating of the objective mirror, the foreskin also makes the Telescope form a different grade and style. The foreskin is generally divided into two categories.One is an earlier artificial leather foreskin, and the other is the rubber -plastic (glue) foreskin that has appeared in recent years. The rubber and plastic foreskin not only has a good texture, but also has different colors and patterns.Provide a wider choice for consumers.

5. Quality:A good Telescope not only looks at the appearance, but also the internal quality. The Telescope produced by regular manufacturers uses rigorously tested optical glass, and it is tested after assembly. The image is clear and the structure is tight.At present, there are many inferior Telescopes on the market.Some small manufacturers use some unqualified optical glass.Even assembly of ordinary glass or resin lenses.The product has not undergone rigorous debugging and is a fake product. It attracts customers at a low price and causes customers to be violated.Therefore, when choosing, don't just look at the price, you should pay attention to the inherent quality of the product.

Graphic principles of various types of Telescope & gt; & gt;

1. Radio Telescope

A radio Telescope refers to the basic equipment of the radio waves from celestial bodies, which can measure the strength, spectrum and polarization of celestial radio powerEssenceIncluding a targeted antenna that collects radio waves, high sensitivity receivers that amplify radio signals, information records, processing, and display systems.20century60In the age of astronomy, four very important discoveries were obtained: pulse stars, star -like body, cosmic microwave background radiation, and interstellar organic elements, known as the "four major discoveries".These four discoveries are related to the radio Telescope.

2. Principles of Radio Telescope

Radio -Telescope principleIt is similar to the optical reflection Telescope. After the projected electromagnetic wave is reflected by an accurate mirror, it reaches the public focus.Rotating parabolic faces are easy to focus on mirrors, so most of the radio Telescope antenna is parabolic.The surface error rate of the surface and an ideal parabola of the radio Telescope and an ideal parabolic surface is not greater than greater than/16~/10The Telescope can generally work effectively on the radio power band of the wave grown than .

Observations for rice waves or long rice waves can be used as a mirror surface; while observation of centimeter waves and millimeter waves, it is necessary to use a Smooth and accurate metal plate (or coating) as a mirror.A radio waves that are projected from celestial bodies and bring together to the focus of Telescope must be reached a certain power level to detect the receiver.

The weakest level of current testing technology should be reached10-20watt.The power of the RF signal is first enlarged at the focus10~1000Be more and change to a lower frequency (intermediate frequency), and then transfer it to the control room with a cable, where to further magnify and detect, and finally record, process and display it in a way suitable for specific research.

The antenna collects the radio radiation of celestial bodies, and the receiver processs these signals and transforms into a form of recording and display. The terminal device records the signal and is processed according to specific requirements and then displayed.The basic indicators of the performance of the radio Telescope are spatial resolution and sensitivity. The former reflects the ability to distinguish the radio dot sources close to each other on each other, and the latter reflects the ability to detect the weak radiation power supply.Radio -Telescope usually requires high space resolution and high sensitivity!

Third, the principle of optical Telescope

The basic principle is the refraction of light.Relying on two lenses that make up a Telescope.The front of the Telescope is a large diameter and a long -focal length, named material mirror; the latter lens in the back is short -focalized in diameter, called eyepiece mirror.The light mirror converges the light from the distant scenery, and the back of it is reduced into a shrinking real image, which is equivalent to moving the distant scenes closer to the imaging.The image of this scenery just happened to the front focus of the eyepiece. Looking at the mirror, as if looking at things with a magnifying glass, you can see a virtual image that enlarged many times.In this way, the scenery that is far away seems to be in front of the Telescope.

Fourth, the difference between optical Telescope and radio Telescope

The same point is that they are all electromagnetic waves from the celestial bodies. The difference is that the electromagnetic waves they receive are different. The radio Telescope receives radio waves. The radio Telescope can capture a lot of light that can not be seen by the naked eye.And optical Telescope can only capture visible light.

The radio Telescope resolution is the highest, because the radio Telescope can see many times more light than the optical Telescope wavelength. Theoretically the most farthest.The true face is not as accurate as the optical Telescope.

The farthest thing now is the Hubble Telescope, which belongs to the optical Telescope, which is reflected. It is no different from ordinary Telescope. Although the diameter is only2.4Mi, but compared with the foundation Telescope, it is not affected by atmospheric interference, and the caliber5Compared with Mir's Haier Telescope, "Hubble" can see140A celestial bodies outside the year, the Haier Telescope can only be seen20Outside the 100th year, the atmosphere can weaken the starlight13Times.