[Vegetable seeds Type] How to classify vegetable seeds for vegetable seeds

Vegetable seed classification

Conventional seed

The conventional vegetable species (OP) is the seeds that the vegetables grow through natural laws.At present, there are many problems with conventional breeding of vegetables.

First, there are many varieties.Under the nickname of science and technology is the first productive forces and science and technology policies, scientific research institutions, experts and scholars engaged in agricultural breeding work have sprung up, and new achievements and new varieties have continued to emerge.The problem that follows is that one is that there are many varieties, the characteristics of the characteristics are small, and the difficulty of miscellaneousness during breeding has increased, and the authenticity and purity of the variety are difficult to guarantee.There will be Mr. Nan Guo's fishmarks, which will push some varieties and systems that have poor characteristics, poor adaptability, or no production value at all, and mislead and interfere with normal seed production and operation order.Therefore, the purchase of vegetable seeds should be based on a good reputation.Buy regular seeds.

Second, the seeds are similar to non -seed, and they are hidden in production.The first is similar appearance.The difference between conventional seeds and seeds itself is not very different.Therefore, it is difficult to identify in the choice.This causes the consequences of lack of understanding of seeds and damage production.Especially the base vegetable species are particularly unsatisfactory.As a result, the following introduces the identification and purchase method of conventional vegetable seeds.

Hybrid seed

Vegetable hybrid seeds (F1 general hybridization is a generation of hybridization) is to pollinate it by using different characteristics of plants (parent, mother -in -law) to change the variety characteristics.

There are parents in the field of hybridization, and the appearance performance of sub -grain forms is also very different from normal grain cotton oil (such as hybrid rice seeds, more exposure of stigma, not full of hybrid rapeseed seeds, etc., as well as hybrid fruit corn seedsLight quality and dry.

Vegetable hybridization has two inherited differences in the inheritance. At the same time, their excellent traits and complementary vegetable varieties are used for hybridization. The first generation of hybrids with hybrid advantages are used for production. This is a hybrid vegetable seed.The advantages of hybrid vegetable seeds are a common phenomenon of the biological world. Using the advantages of hybrids to improve crop yield and quality is one of the main achievements of modern agricultural science.

However, due to the rapid development of vegetable hybrid varieties after the scientific call, the types of vegetable hybridization are not lower than conventional varieties.Under normal circumstances, hybrid vegetable seeds have disease resistance and can quickly adapt to the local climate environment.This is also one of the purpose of vegetable seed hybridization.But the ultimate goal is that we hope that hybridization can bring greater economic benefits.

At present, the hybridization of vegetable seeds is becoming more and more common, and it has studied and breeding tens of millions of varieties.While buying vegetables seeds, we must also pay attention to the adaptability of such varieties to the local climate and the consumption ability of the local market.You can't buy it blindly.At present, there are many kinds of hybrid vegetables on the market, and many of them belong to fake hybrid vegetable seeds.And one time is used to disturb the market.So try to buy regular companies when buying, and it can be easily ordered through mobile phones and computer online, and directly shipped the country.In addition, you can also buy it directly at the agricultural Sciences at all Levels.It is also convenient to buy online.

Because the hybrid vegetable seeds have a genetic factors that have miscellaneous, they cannot be used in the next year after the vegetables are harvested.However, the hybrid vegetable seeds are more advantageous in terms of yield and disease resistance than ordinary conventional seeds.Therefore, most of the professional vegetable growers are using hybrid vegetable seeds.

Vegetable seed identification purchase

Onion seeds, leek seeds: The new seeds of the year must be greatly reduced.The method of identifying the old and new seeds is: the surface of the new seeds has wrinkles, the dark side is clear, and the luster is shiny. There is a clear little white point on the umbilical umbilicus.seeds that store for more than 1 year, the surface is lost, a layer of white frost appears, and the umbilical umbilicus has changed from white to yellow. Such seed germination rates, low growth potential, should not be used.

Tomato seed: Generally, it can be saved for 3 to 4 years, and it does not exceed 4 years, otherwise the germination rate will be reduced.The method of identifying the old and new seeds is: there are many small hair on the new seeds, and the tomato flavor. The old seeds have less hairs or fall off, and the smell becomes lighter.

Chili seed: It cannot be more than 3 years.New seeds are spicy, and the seeds are golden brown.The germination rate of new seeds is about 90%, the bud rate of 2 years is about 80%, and the bud rate of 3 years will be reduced to less than 50%.

Celery seeds: It can be stored for 5 years, and the new seeds that year are unavailable. It must be used for 1 year.

Coriander: It must be stored for 1 year, but it should not exceed 3 years.New coriander seeds are strong, and old seeds are fade.

Eggplant seed: The storage time can be slightly longer, and the seeds can be used within 5 years.The outer Skin of the new seeds is bright, milky, and the surface of the seeds is dark red and no light.

Cabbage, radish, cabbage seeds: The general storage life is 3 to 4 years, and the germination rate of more than 4 years has decreased significantly.The surface of the new seeds is Smooth, the surface of the seeds is dark, and after the seeds are crushed with nails, the new seeds will not be broken, the seeds are fragile, and the seeds are easy to fall off.

Cucumber seed:It can generally save 3 to 4 years.The surface of fresh Cucumber seeds is white or milky white, Smooth surface, and the burrs at the tip of the seeds are pointed. Matsters appear on the surface of the seeds, losing their luster, and the burrs at the tip of the seeds become blunt.

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How much is the price of rice seeds a pound

Throughout the price trend of rice seeds in recent years, rice prices will still be relatively stable and will not cause great floating.

1. The joy of rice planting

First of all, according to previous policies, whether the price of rice is canceled is not yet officially announced, and the possibility of recently canceling the price of rice protection.Therefore, in order to protect the interests of farmers and prevent it"Valley is hurting farmers", and the country will still be carried out the minimum protection price of rice, but it is only slightly reduced!

The Grain Industry, "The "Thirteenth Five -Year Planning Outline" proposes that during the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period, we must continue to implement and improve the minimum purchase price policy of rice and Wheat, actively and steadily promote the reform of the corn collection and storage system, adjust and improve the soybean target price policy, improve rapeseed acquisition of rapeseed acquisitionspolicy.

Secondly, production investment.Facing the falling price of food prices this year, the overall sales of the Fertilizer industry are not optimistic enough. The prices of two Fertilizer species such as Fertilizer Compound fertilizer and Urea as rice have decreased to varying degrees than the same period last year.Large households reduce the burden on cost investment.

Second, the worries of rice planting

The area of rice planting area has increased, which is pressured by the supply of raw grain in the future.Some farmers in the Northeast will have a high enthusiasm for drought and water. Among them, the southeast of Heilongjiang, Mudanjiang, Jiamusi, Qitaihe, Shuangyashan and other places have performed more obvious. It has been slightly increased by the Northeast water field contracting land.Rent on the ground500-700Yuan is not waiting.

The increase in planting area and the increase in land rental costs may make the rice planting benefits less than expected. It is recommended that farmers need to follow the trend and combine the local actual situation to choose a variety that suits them.

In summary, although there are still many uncertainties in rice planting.However, in the context of the continued implementation of the minimum protection price policy of rice, farmers should do even if they are selected and planted, they should master each production link to fundamentally ensure the quality and output of rice.Because from the changes in the market price trend of the rice market, the universal, weak, and high -quality and high -quality prices are always changing the market.In the long run, rice will eventually leave the coats protected by the national government and comply with market price changes, so that lower rice will not allow more cheaper rice to enter the Chinese market.Therefore, doing a good job in the formation and directional sales of farmers and enterprises can make the people truly realize the meaning of unwavering food in their hands.

In the end, under the situation of the policy as a whole, it should be more concerned about the expensive inventory speed of the national reserve rice. If the huge inventory cannot be digested, the road to the collection and storage of rice is still difficult.

How to buy rice seeds

The purchase of rice seeds should choose the excellent varieties that are suitable for planting according to the opinions of local climate, soil and ecological conditions and agricultural technology.In order to prevent buying fake and inferior seeds and preventing seed quality disputes in case of preparation in the future, the following points should be achieved.

According to your planting needs, ask about the types, characteristics and planting essentials that are suitable for the planting of your fields, and ask for related cultivation technical materials as much as possible.

See if the "four certificates" (seed business license, seed quality qualification certificate, seed production license, and business license) are complete, whether the seeds are consistent, and whether the seed packaging is standardized.The rice seeds of regular companies are all packaged in small Bags, which should be marked with "variety names, manufacturer names, address and contact information, production date, production license number, business license number, variety review number, net content and quality standards, etc."" ".

Finally, to save seed packaging and seed purchase invoices, in case the seed quality disputes occur, claims are based on this.

First, look at the seed label: To buy seeds, first look at the label inside and outside the packaging.According to the relevant provisions of the "Management Measures for Crop seeds", hybrid rice seed labels shall be marked with relevant indicators such as the name of the variety and variety review numbers.However, special seed seeds such as red rice seeds and black rice seeds generally do not have strict requirements on this item, and the market audience is relatively small

Second, look at the neatness of seeds: Hybrid rice seeds mixed with other rice are not neat.

Third, look at the grain shell, blame: The physiological miscellaneous colors such as the slightly uneven yellow brown on the hybrid rice seed valley shell are normal.

Fourth, look at seed clarity: Different types of rice seeds have corresponding standards.

Fifth, look at the seed water content: The simple method is to bite the grains with the teeth. If there is a sharp sound, the content is basically normal (13%Inside); if there is no crispy or tanned cross section, the moisture content of the seeds is generally higher than the normal standard.

The preservation period of common vegetable seeds

1. Tomato seeds.It can generally be stored for 3 to 4 years, and the longest does not exceed 4 years, otherwise the bud rate will be reduced.The simple method of identifying the old and new seeds: new seeds have hairs and tomato flavors; old seeds have fewer Skin and less fur or fall off.

2. Cucumber seeds.It can generally be stored for 2 to 3 years, exceeding this period, and the germination rate generally decreases by 20%to 30%.

3. Eggplant seeds.storage time is generally within 6 years.The exterior Skin of the new seeds is shiny, and the luster decreases differently due to the different storage period.

4. Chili seeds.Can not exceed 3 years.The seed germination rate of 2 years was reduced by about 10%, and the storage of 3 years was reduced by about 30%.The new seeds are golden yellow and the seeds are apricot yellow.

5. Onion seeds.summer planting onions, applying new species.If the aged species is used, the green onions will draw the seeds.spring green onions can be used in the first year.

6. Celery seeds.It can be stored for 3 years, and the seeds cannot be used in that year. It should be used for 1 year.

7, leek seeds.The new species of the year was good, and the germination rate was reduced in 2 years.

8. Cabbage seeds.It can be stored for 2 years and can be planted in that year.For more than 2 years, the seedling rate is reduced by 20%to 30%, and the disease resistance is reduced.

9. Coriander seeds.It should be used after 1 year of storage, and the storage time should not exceed 3 years, otherwise the fragrance will be reduced.

Vegetable seed storage method

1. First of all, the harvested seeds should be screened and picked out the grain, soaked, soaked, and cracked granules. Such seeds are easy to turn back to deteriorate, which will affect other seeds.Full seeds.

2. Try to dry the filtering high -quality seeds. The seeds must be dry and dry, otherwise it will be easy to get back and mildew.Some families without agricultural experience have no judgment experience of the dryness of the seeds. These families may have electronic scale. Therefore, they can take some samples to weigh every day. When the weight of the seeds is not alleviated, it proves that the seeds are dry enough to dry enoughEssenceOf course, the seeds cannot be exposed, otherwise it will affect the germination rate.

3. After the seeds are dried, in order to prevent insects from the seeds, the seeds need to be packed into a sealed container such as jar, sealed Bags.Although the seeds are dried, they are still breathing and their ability to live. Therefore, the container cannot be completely seal and impermeable. Otherwise, the seeds cannot breathe and lose their vitality and die.The container should be placed in a cool and ventilated place.

4. In order to be able to completely prevent insects, you can mix the seeds and insect -proof drugs. Generally, you can use the bosom spirit for ant -driven ants sold in the market.Mix the anticardy -proof medicine before being packed in the container, and mix the medicine evenly.

5. Because the pores are opened for the container, the seeds in the container are still likely to absorb moisture. Therefore, in order to prevent seedlin, you can go to the market to buy some desiccant packets and put it into the container to reach the moisture -proof effect.If you can't buy a desiccant, you can also use breathable paper to use a little lime instead of the desiccant packet.

6. Another trick is a good way to save the seeds in the ancients: on the sunny day, choose a wall that is good, avoid rain and the sun, find some rotten mud, mix the seeds into the mud, and then apply the mud to the wall to the wall., Will be planted in the coming year, and then buckle the mud from the wall.This method not only prevent insects, but also prevent mildew.

rice vinegar

When fertilizing the flowers, pay attention to the proper drop of rice vinegar in the appropriate liquid Fertilizer, which can eliminate the odor of liquid Fertilizer, because rice vinegar is weak acidic, which can neutralize the smell produced by some corrupt substances in liquid Fertilizers.

Orange peel

In the fermented Fertilizer, you can put some orange peel((Fresh or air -drying can be availableCure, Make orange Skin and Fertilizer.The use of a large amount of aromatherapy oil contained in orange Skin can reduce the smell of liquid Fertilizer, and the orange Skin is also a good Fertilizer after fermentation.

Liquor

Flower farmers often say"The taste of the potted water is strong, and the smell of liquor is extinguished."It makes sense.Adding some liquor in Fertilizer during fertilization can clearly remove the odor.In addition, flower friends can also make some Fertilizers without odor at home.

Use broken Bone Fertilizer

Many people who raise flowers at home use the shattered bones of chickens and ducks as flower Fertilizers.The specific method is to remove the bones for a day or two to remove the salt.

Then use the high -pressure cooker to add water and stuffy, stir it into a paste, and then add 20 % of the fine sand or ceda ash in it. After mixing it, a layer of dry soil is covered on the costumes and sprinkled some pesticides.

Then stamped and keep it loose and humid. After two or three months, the Fertilizer was fully rotten, and the Flower pots were effective and there was no odor.

Use yogurt, eggshell Fertilizer

Rinse the yogurt bottle with rice water((boxCureWashing water and shattered eggshells, then put it together7Day10God can become a kind of nutrients and Fertilizers, with high -ending of flower Fertilizer and no odor.

flowers who do not have time to make Fertilizers, when using ordinary liquid Fertilizers, can take the following methods to reduce the odor:

Qiaoli

Before fertilizing, reduce the amount of watering, dry the pot soil, and then irrigate the Fertilizer outdoors in the evening.Because the soil is dry, it will speed up the speed of the absorption of Fertilizer and reduce the exposure of Fertilizer.

Therefore, after the Fertilizer is penetrated into the pot soil, a small amount of water can be poured and the surface residual Fertilizer can be washed to the lower soil. This can eliminate the odor of the Fertilizer.It can also greatly reduce the odor.

Cover the soil after application

Place some Fertilizers with a strong smell in the container and sealed. After fermentation and rotten, dilute it with water10Use about it.After applying, cover the surface of the pot on the surface of the pot, which prevents the odor from volatile, but also maintains Fertilizer.

[Vegetable seeds to germinate] Which vegetable seeds need to urge buds of vegetable seeds and electric blankets

Which vegetable seeds need to germinate

1,Celery: Soak the seeds with water for a long time or about a day. After soaking, change the water and rub it with your hands, then rub the seed Skin and dry it. After the water is dry, wrap it in a wet cloth.It can be sowed in about 3 days.

2,Cyan: This is to useSoak the warm water at 48 C for half an hour. After soaking, use a wet gauze bag to be placed at a temperature placed at 15 to 20 degrees. Start the germination.Essence

3,Fungus(Falling sunflow): First, soak the seeds for 1 to 2 days in warm water from 25 C to 30 C, and then germinate at a temperature of about 30 C, which can be sowed after about a week.

4,Spinach: I also soak in water for a day or half a day, and then dry the seeds inPerform germination at 10 15 . seeds can be sown after germination in a few days.

5.Lettuce: The foaming time of lettuce seeds is relatively small than that, just5-10 hours.Then take out the seeds and place it at a low temperature of about 5 C, the day and one night, and then spread it on a wet towel (gauze), and cover it with a layer of gauze to moisturize. Note that at this time, it must be placed indoors.After about one or two days of sowing, keep the sowing soil moist at this time, so as not to cover soil out of seedlings.

6.Bleak(Coriander): Put the seeds of coriander before sowing, soak in water for half a day or a day like other seeds, and put the seeds at 20 C to 32 C after soaking.It can be sowed.

Vegetable seed electric blanket urging germination method

seed germination is the primary part of vegetable production, and an important technical measure for seedling and cultivation.It can not only make the seeds sprout neatly, shorten the age of seedlings, but also improve the quality of the seedlings and ensure the strong growth of the seedlings.Over the years, the author has carried out electric blankets for vegetable seeds and has received ideal fruits.The method of germination of electric blankets is now introduced as follows for reference for the application of vegetable farmers.

1. seed disinfection

In order to improve the vitality of the seeds, promote germination, and prevent the harm of pests and insects due to seed Belt bacteria. seed disinfection treatment should be performed before germination. The main methods are two types: hot water hot species and potion. Hot water hot: Wash the seeds with water before scalding, and use 55-600c hot water for 10-15 minutes.Note that the seeds should be stirred and stirred to heat the seeds evenly. Pharmaceutical soaking: Soak it with water for 1 hour before soaking, soak it with a medicinal solution. Use 0.1%-0.35%potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes or use 1%copper sulfate, 2%sodium hydroxide solution 5---In 15 minutes, 20-30 minutes or 0.125 methamphetamine is soaked in 50%or 0.125 or 0.125 or 0.1%omportrait with 0.1%flat solution for 60 minutes.The above two disinfection methods should be taken out of the seeds to clean, soak, and germinate.

2, water soaking

The planting time should be soaked for 2 hours according to the types of vegetables, cucumbers, zucchini, vegetable Beans, etc., 4-5 hours of Pepper and eggplant, and the ascent of bitter gourd and watermelon for 24-36 hours.It can be scrubbed slightly when soaking to remove impurities and accessories.

3. Electric blanket germination

Put the electric blanket first, and then lay the plastic film (more than 2 times the area of the film is the electric blanket area) on the electric blanket, then scrub the towel in the water and wrap it on the surface of the film;Dry it, spread it evenly on the wet towel, fold the towel or use other wet towels to be gently covered in the south of the seed watch; fold it on the towel with the other half of the film, and then cover the turtle quilt, blanket or grass and other covers on the film.After the cover is completed, the power is powered on; the seeds are wrapped in the seeds every morning and evening to wash the seeds. After draining, the electric blanket is germinated until the seeds germinate.

4. Scope of application

Applicable to the germination of seeds such as vegetable Beans, cowpea, watermelon, bitter gourd, Cucumber, eggplant, Pepper, glutinous jade and other seeds;

It is suitable for germination and seedlings of a large number of seeds, small medium farms, watermelon bases, etc.

5. precautions

The hot water scald must be constantly stirred to avoid burns and hot seeds;

Power off the power when operating, and then power after the completion; seed hair buds and dew white up to 50%or more in time.

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