What are the principles of Fountains?

Introduction to Fountain Principles

The principle of the Fountain is that the amount of mobility is conservative. From a large radius pipeline to a small radius pipeline, it generates a change of speed and rushes to the direction of the ground.The speed of the diameter is driven by the pump. The speed in the small radius is the original speed, which is transformed by the momentum conversion.You need to choose a micro -dollar to calculate the momentum conservation, so that you can find a speed. This speed is the exit speed, and then a toss of movement. This is an ideal situation. There is no friction and no wind.

Type of Fountain

In general, the Fountain landscape can be divided into two categories:

The first is to adapt to local conditions. According to the terrain structure at the scene, it is made from natural water scenery, such as: wall spring, Yongquan, Wuquan, Tube flow, streams, waterfalls, water curtains, water falls, water turtle, vortex, etc.

The second is to rely on the artificial landscape of Fountain equipment.This type of water scenery is widely used in the field of construction, with rapid development and a variety of types. There are music Fountains, program -controlled Fountains, swing Fountains, Running Fountains, bright Fountains, amusement fun Fountains, ultra -high Fountains, laser water curtain movies, etc.

Classification form

The Fountain is an artificial plastic surgery or a natural spring pond, which is sprayed with beautiful water positions for people to watch.The Fountain is an important part of the garden.In modern gardens, in addition to plant landscapes, Fountains are also important landscapes. It is both a kind of water scenery art, reflects the combination of movements and quietness, forming a bright and lively atmosphere, giving people a beautiful enjoyment. At the same time, the Fountain can also increase the air in the air.Negative ion content plays the role of purifying air, increasing air humidity, and reducing ambient temperature, so it is loved by people.There are many types of Fountains, which can be divided into the following.

(1) Ordinary decorative Fountain consists of various flower patterns to form a fixed Fountain.

(2) Combining Fountain Fountains and sculptures with sculpture form a landscape.

(3) Water sculpture is shaped by artificial and machinery to form a variety of large water pillars and forms landscapes.

(4) Self -control Fountain uses electronic technology to control water, light, sound, color, etc. according to the design program to form strange and changeable landscapes.

(5) In addition to the above types, there are also high Fountains, drought Fountains, stacking spring, music Fountain, Running spring, jumping Fountain, floating Fountain, sketch spring, Italian spring, music Running spring, etc., can also be formed by spraying to form by sprayingUnique water scenery.

The main form of water supply of Fountains is: DC water supply, water pump circulating water supply, and water supply of diving pumps.

The Fountain spray head is the main working part of the Fountain art modeling. Its role is to form a gorgeous water splash with a certain pressure of water with a certain pressure, spray it over the water surface.A variety of different nozzles configurations can create a variety of water scenery and landscapes, which are exciting and exciting and producing wonderful artistic effects.There are many types of Fountain spray heads. According to different structural forms, they can be divided into direct, rotating, water film, suction, atomization and other types.There are many types such as ice tower, open screen and spray nozzle.

With the application of light, electricity, sound, and automatic control devices on the Fountain, the emergence of music Fountains, intermittent Fountains, laser Fountains, etc. have enriched the content of the Fountain and enriched people's dual feelings in visual and hearing.The famous Fountains in the history of my country such as Beijing Yuanmingyuan Daishui Fountain Group, modern Fountains on both sides of Beijing Tiananmen, and temporary Fountains on the National Day Tiananmen Square are very magnificent, winning the praise and applause of Chinese and foreign tourists.

Fountain

The Fountain was originally a natural landscape, the ground appearing on the ground.The Fountains in the garden are generally decorated with decorative water spraying devices for landscaping.The Fountain can moisturize the surrounding air, reduce dust, and reduce the temperature.The fine water beads of the Fountain hit with air molecules, which can produce a large amount of negative oxygen ions.Therefore, Fountains are beneficial to improving the appearance of the city and the physical and mental health of residents.

Appreciation of the world's first Fountain picture

On the beautiful landscape of Canberra in the Australian capital.There is an artificial Fountain with the highest spray in the world.This Fountain was established by the Australian federal government in 1970 to commemorate Captain Cook for 200 years.Named "Captain Cook Memorial Fountain".

The spray port of the Fountain has 750 horsepower power and has two layers of water pumping systems.The Fountain has a spray speed of 200 kilometers per hour.The maximum jet limit is 150 meters.Looking at it from a distance, a water pillar on the lake was flushing the sky, the waves splashed, and they were spectacular and were become the world's first Fountain.

1. How to do a good job of garden landscape lighting design

1. Clarify the theme of garden landscape lighting

Clarifying the "theme" is not only the top priority of garden landscape lighting design, but the primary task of any design. Before doing any lighting design, you need to start from the perspective of lighting planning to determine what kind of theme is to do.Go to integrate with the landscape to express the beauty of garden landscapes.Different theme design, with the lighting effects of different scenes, create a comfortable visual atmosphere.

2. Create a unique night environment

garden landscape lighting design, as a comprehensive design that requires basic lighting and ornamental lighting, needs to decorate its unique style on the basis of respecting the basic image of the garden landscape.Under the premise of not being lingering, use good light to combine light and landscape design more comfortable, romantic and unique.

3. Improve the playability

garden landscape lighting is not just basic lighting. Due to the large flow of people, it is necessary to pay attention to the creation of the atmosphere while ensuring safety, the immersive light and shadow experience, the blending light design, the immersive light atmosphere, and the interactive people with good people to allow tourists to allow tourists to allow tourists to allow tourists to allow tourists to allow touristsTo better integrate into the environment, improve the playability of design, and allow tourists to experience the beauty of Lights more.

4. Show the beauty of ecology and nature

Through the combination of lighting and garden architecture, plants, and tourists, the visitors and the atmosphere of the entire garden are integrated, so that people are immersed in feeling the beauty of light and shadow in garden landscapes, and creating a harmonious environment of man and nature.The most important thing is to allow tourists to enjoy the sensory feast, while not losing the atmosphere of nature.This is the essence of garden landscape lighting design. It makes people be in nature rather than coming to super modern science and technology venues, so that tourists can truly relax and comfortable.

2. Common design techniques for garden landscape lighting

1. Landscape lighting lighting of water view

Water scenery is one of the components of the garden lighting project, and it is also the key lighting design part.There are many forms of garden water views. For example, there are large lake water views with wide water surfaces, as well as Fountains, streams, cement ponds, and waterfalls.The night scene lighting design method of the water surface lighting project is mainly reflected by the water surface landscaping and the railings on the shore and the lighting of trees on the water surface.Real views and reflection in water, compare each other, set off, positive and reflect, plus the dynamic landscape effect of reflection in the water, let people enjoy it.For some waterfalls and Fountain landscapes, underwater lighting can be designed, and underwater lighting fixtures of the same or different colors can be exposed through special arrangements according to demand. The effect of lighting is magical.

2. Landscape lighting of sculpture sketches

The sculpture sketch in the garden lighting project, the iconic construct, is very ornamental, and the latter is memorable.This type of lighting design should start with the main characteristics of the sculpture, especially the key parts of the sculpture, such as: head, material, expression, color and surrounding environment.The front of the front is uniformly illuminated, which can create a lighting effect of lighting, realistic, and strong three -dimensional sense.In the selection of light sources, a narrow beam lamp should be selected, and the main direction of the vision of tourists should be avoided to prevent glare.

3. Functional lighting design of garden roads

Visitors are led to various attractions from the entrance of the garden.The road is the context of the garden, and the path is winding and winding, giving people a kind of effect on steps, and the winding path.The lighting design method should be carried out closely.

4. Landscape lighting of garden trees

Trees are one of the elements of garden landscapes. There are many varieties of garden trees, and they are full of attitudes. In addition to being able to beautify the environment and provide tourists to watch, they also have the effects of regulating and protecting the environment.lighting should be treated according to the height, size, appearance characteristics and color of the trees.

Flower and wood bonsai It is based on the color of the color, the flowers, the colorful, the splendid and gorgeous, and the aroma is refreshing.Its shape should be used in ancient branches, strange species, and sparse branches and leaves.If the material is obtained, the inflorescence is endless, and it is even better to enter the painting.Commonly used materials include spring flowers, plum blossoms, blue peaches, golden bird flowers, plums, begonia, tea, rhododendron, June snow, Lagerstroemia, osmanthus, and tongue gardenia.The flower bonsai has its unique effect in the garden view. Every festival, there are bonsai embellishments with flowers, seductive, aroma, pleasing to the eye, and feel full of spring.

The production process of flower and wood bonsai

1. Choosing pile: To make a pot of exquisite pile landscape, the key is to choose a stump.The most ideal tree stump is full shape, Plants that are green and have not yet dehydrated.

As far as its form is concerned, there are straight -dry, cliff -type, vertical branches, co -planting, , orange tip, free type, etc.Regardless of length, thickness, straightness, old tenderness, bright darkness, denseness, Thick, it should be naturally free and easy.Before leading the stump, the Flower pot is required. The principle is that it can complement each other with the stump.

2. Selecting pots: The shallow mouth pot can display the tall of the forest and wood; the deep -mouth pots can set off the old piles of the cliff; The pine and cypress painted by the ancient people; the graceful and elegant glaze basin can reflect the gorgeous flower fruit stumps.In short, pile landscape The basin is also part of appreciation. No matter the shape, lines, color, and sizes, it should be just right. It has artistic characteristics.

3. Pile scene: The old piles required for the pile landscape can generally be purchased from the flower and wood market.Digging the old piles should be in the rainy season of winter, spring and plums. At this time, the old piles excavated are easy to live.dig When digging, pay attention to protect the roots, bring the root of the beard, and cut off the main roots.Then repair the branches and leaves to make it skeleton"Light installation", there are only few thin branches and leaves (in this step, pay attention to the piles and basin forms to adapt to each other).

4. Standing pile: When the stump stands in the pot, it must be sprayed on the leaves of the branches, and the shade should be appropriately shaded.At this time, If the buds of the tree stump germinated, some positions are improper, and they must be peeled without distress.summer should be seen more sunlight, Pruning and pruning shapes in autumn.The shape of the stump is different due to the different styles of pursuit.There are roughly branches, brown silk tied method, lead silk entanglement method, and so on.

5. Lead silk entanglement:Lead silk entanglement method is easy to learn, easy to master for beginners.When plastic surgery, Bend the branches into the required form, pad the hemp tablets at the entanglement, and use the coarse and thin lead wire to fix the shape. Lead wire should be tied to the hemp and bark, and the bark should not be damaged.To make the pile branches dense.have Some pile branches are hard and can be slotted at the lower end of the bend to make them bent natural.Tied like this, one, two After the year, the stump can be formed.In the future, fine cuts, branches, leaves, and buds can be used, and they can also be used The technique of cutting roots and rooting roots to suppress its growth and maintain a beautiful attitude.

6. Scenery: Finally, under the stump, you can also embellish some mountains and stones to make up for the lack of the stump shape.Optional ax Stone of stones, Taihu Stone, stalactites, Yingde Stone, or beautiful shapes of the common shape.It is best to use a mountain stone Strange numbers, avoid clutter, must be matched with tree stumps, pots, or far away, prevailing for your favorite.stone The seam can also be filled with fine soil and planting moss to make the whole tree stump bonsai be angry and add wild. Although it is out It is artificially like Tian Cheng.

Daily maintenance of flower and wood bonsai

1. Water

For plants, water is a very important growth factor. No matter what water is used, it is best to use river water, natural water, pond water or rain.It is necessary to put it there for a day or two, so that the chlorine gas inside is wrapped and then used, which can reduce the damage caused by chemical substances to plants, because chlorine gas is a toxic substance, and it cannot be washed by bathing water because it is convenient for saving water to save water.Water and dirty water containing fuel dirt are used to pour it. This is absolutely not desirable, otherwise the bonsai will grow into deformed and even die.

2. Fertilization

Fertilization is a technical work. If the branches and leaves of the bonsai are long, once the lack of Fertilizer, the branches will become weak, and the color of the leaves will become yellowed.The invasion of diseased and insect pests is regular and methods when fertilizing. For example, if some new planting and pelvis and the root system are damaged, they cannot fertilize within a short time.In autumn and winter, Fertilizer should be appropriately reduced, and fertilization should be stopped in winter. It cannot be fertilized at rain or at noon. It is best to control the fertilization time at night or evening.

Third, potting soil

For flower and wood bonsai pot soil, it is best to choose a well -drained flower mud. The good bonsai should be very careful during maintenance. The potting soil should be thicker. Remember to change the soil.Make the soil more fertile, you can put some base Fertilizers in the soil, so that the bonsai can be better and ensure that it has sufficient nutrition.

Four, pruning

The pruning is mainly to choose the time. Pay attention to the number and interval of trimming. The timing of the trimming is mainly in the two time periods of the late spring and early autumn. In these two times, its spakes are the strongest.Well, we must cut off some unfavorable branches when trimming, such as long branches, overlapping branches, cross -branches and dead branches. These are the objects we want to cut. Pay attention to trimmingIf the sun is too strong, move to the room first, because the cut wound will be burned by strong light, so put it in the cool place and then move to the previous position.

Five, insect prevention prevention

We can targeted insect extinguishing in accordance with different common plants when preventing insect pests.

The vine bonsai is a type of bonsai formed by vine trees or vine plants as a vegetarian tree, which highlights its curly stems and branches and leaves.It has both flowers and fruits, beautiful rhyme, unique style.Commonly used materials include wisteria, ivy, lordstone, honeysuckle, Fufang vine, Lingxiao, grapes, wall -climbing tiger and other wooden vine plants.This categorybonsai The vines are wrapped or Hanging Hanging as their characteristics, so it is mostly decorated with deep pots, or long Hanging walls, or attachment of stone plates, with a graceful charm and ancient style.

Cultivation of Manmu bonsai

1. Miao Yuan

Feasible sowing and cutting propagation.The sowing time is in early spring, and the temperature is required10 13 .Cuttings can be carried out in autumn.When cutting, choose the branches of the stems of the year for cutting spikes 8 Intersection 10 centimeter.Cutting cuttings, rooting is fast.You can also dig the wild old root piles from the wild, raise the blank 1 After the year, it can be processed on the pot.

Second, shape

1 Pelvic

spring2 Intersection 3 In the month, it is better to plant before the long leaves of Manmu bonsai.Pot soil is matched with fertile and well -drained rotten soil with garden soil.Basin can choose darker purple sand pots, and its shapes are Square, rectangular, round, and oval.

2 ,modeling

The shape of the muman bonsai is based on pruning and supplemented by tie, the purpose is to fully express its simple natural form.The branches should be wrong to avoid monotonous, and the level should be less or less.The form of vine bonsai is in the form of dry or oblique drying, vertical branches and cliffs, and can also be prepared into attachment.

How to maintain vinemill bonsai

1 Watering

The bonsai of Manmu consumes a lot of water, but it is still better not to wet.The pot soil is not wet, which is not conducive to its flowering.Watering should be grasped without drying or poured, and the principle of pouring through.in particular8 Division of flower buds in the month should be appropriately deducted. 9 Normal watering can be performed in the month.Water less after falling leaves in the late autumn.

2 , Fertilize

Bo Fei Qin Shi is an important measure to make the bonsai of Manmu.During the growth period, watering can be combined, and thin cake Fertilizers can be applied every half month until7 Intersection 8 Stop fertilizing during the month. 9 The month continues to fertilize, but the number and concentration should be appropriately reduced.Before flowering, phosphorus and Potassium fertilizer can be appropriately applied.

3 ,prune

When the bonsai grows in the spring season, the dense bud should be taken away appropriately.When the new branch grows20 For a long time for more centimeters, it can be cut off for too long.In normal times, pay attention to cutting long branches, sick branches and weak branches at any time.During the dormant period, trimming must also be carried out. 9 The old leaves of Manmu bonsai are drooping, affecting the beauty.It can take away the old leaves and promote the germination of the new leaves.The germinated new leaves are tender and green, which can delay the deciduous period and extend the viewing period.

4 Pelvic

It is better to choose time before germination in early spring.Everywhere2-3 Turn the pot once every year.

5 , Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests

There are fewer diseases and insect pests in the bonsai of Manmu.Its pests include aphids and leaf moths.The control method is to spray and kill the liquids such as enemies, emulsification and fruit fruit.

DIY Mini Landscape Create a small potting garden on the tableEight small potted plants

The natural taste of style1 country

Elements: wooden basin, multi -level plant

Wooden pots can bring a very natural rural flavor.Drill a drainage hole at the bottom of the wooden basin, and then fill in the soil, and you can plant your favorite plants.In order to increase the decorative effect, you can set up a circle of moss under the wooden basin and place a few pine cones.When there are guests, you can also add a bunch of fresh cut flowers to embellishment.

Style2 mini jungle

Elements: copper pots, pebbles, green plants

The copper basin is unique with white pebble, which also reflects green plants more beautiful.

Plant combinations with high and low errors are the prerequisite for ensuring the overall aesthetics. Pay attention to regularly pruning and leaves to maintain a beautiful shape of plants and can also play a role in promoting plant growth.In order to make a separate potted plant form more compact scenery, a tray can be placed below, and then the moss can be paved to the bottom to add aesthetics.

STYLE3 Old objects make flowers

Elemental element: iron barrel, red flowering plant

A simple potted plant can make your Outdoor dining table flowing through all summer.

Choose several flowers of the same color system and are planted in an oval iron barrel. Pay attention to the low level of the middle height.When dining, you can use a small iron barrel to install tableware, so as to form a material in the material with the flower instrument, which increases the overall aesthetics.

style4 seasoning vanilla show

Elements: weaving baskets, vanilla plants

Vanilla plants are very good partners on the dining table. Green oil mint and other plants can not only bring visual enjoyment, but also pick a few leaves at any time to season meals. It is also a good creativity to decorate the beverage cup!

Before planting, lay a layer of waterproof layer at the bottom of the basket, and you can also directly put the plants with pots into the basket.

STYLE5 rustic stone tools

Elements: stone trough + juice plant

Drought -resistant juicy plants are very easy to take care of. First, a handful of sand and fine gravel are mixed in the soil to maintain the drainability of the soil and provide better growth conditions for juicy plants.Then plant the favorite small juicy plants into it.Choosing one or two varieties that can be drooping pots will have a better sense of layering, and the dried branches and bird decorations are inserted in it to further add a sense of interest.

Style6 decorated out of Haibin Fun

Elements: ceramics pots, shells + herbal plants, cactus

Find an expansion of pottery pot and fill in the cultivation soil, so that the two or three herbal plants are species in it, covering a layer of gravel to make the beach, and finally decorate the shells and corals.Potted plants are completed.If it is paired with a small wooden table that seems to be exposed to the sun, the effect will be more perfect.

Style7 micro cool water view

Elements: porcelain, decorative glass + aquatic plants

It is also a good creativity to make a combination of potted potted with aquatic plants as a material. As long as it takes a few minutes, the aquatic plants are planted in ceramic utensils, and they can immediately create a quiet feeling.You can buy some glass decorations on the surface of the basin from the flower market to add coolness.Extracting a crystal ball or festival color ball can further increase the highlights.Note at least 3 cm of water.

STYLE8 Xiaohua adds elegance

Elements: color plastic basin + white, pink flowering plant

color matching is a trick to create this combination of potted plants.The green Flower pot with white and purple -tone plants, fresh and vibrant.In the evening, a few candle cups can be added, inserted in the Flower pot or next to the garden path, which can not only play a lighting role, but also increase the romantic atmosphere.