Late eggplant, also known as "golden fruit" and "five -finger eggplant", is the family of eggplant.About 1 meter high, the stems are blocked and flattened, and the branches are pouring with joints, glands and flat thorns, thorns yellow, bright; leaf ovate, often 5 cracks, lobes shallow wave -shaped, apex tip or apex or aperture or tip or apexDark, the base is slightly concave, and the two sides are densely white and long, long and long, and the short hair; scorpion -like inflorescences are often born on the outside of the armpit bud.Usually 3-4 flowers; berries pour pear-shaped, yellow outside, white inside, dark brown seeds, summer and autumn in the flower and fruit period.
Golden fruitNative to the Americas, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan, China are cultivated.Pleasant warmth, fertile soil.Because of its beautiful shape, it is cultivated for rewards.
Morphology
Establishing herbal.About 1m high, the stems are blocked and flattened, the branches are pouring with festivals, glands and flat thorns, thorns yellow, bright purple, 3-5mm wide, end tip, diamond shape, straight, straightOr slightly curved, 4-12mm long.
The leaf ovate, 5-10cm long, a few width and length, often 5 cracks, sometimes 3-7 cracks, shallow wave-shaped, apex or blunt, slightly concave at the base, the bright white grinding hair on both sides and long white and long grinding hair and long white hair and long and long grinding hair and long-length grilled hair and long-length grilled hair and long white hair and long and long grinding hair and long white hair and long and long grinding hair and long white hair and long and long grinding hairs and long-length white hair and long white hair and long white hair and long grinding hairs and long white pour hair and long white hair and long grinding hairs and long white hair and long white hair and long and long grinding hair and long white hair and long-Sleeve hair and long grinding hairs and long white hair and long-Sleeve hair and long grinding hairs and long white hair and long and long grinding hairs and long white hair and long white hair and long-Sleeve hairBlind hair; the side pulse is about the same as the number of fractures. It is flat on the top, and it is slightly protruding below. It has a long leather thorns with a loess color. The thorns are 8-20mm.-8cm, the top slot, the nodes, the glue, glands and thorns.
Scorpion tail inflorescences are born with anchors, often at the outside base of thexillary buds. The quilts are similar to branches and leaves. Usually 3-4 flowers, the total flower stems are extremely short, without thorns, and the stems are about 5-10mm long.The gangsters are close to the shallow cup, and the outside is extremely long-fled and the glands of the glands, 5 deep cracks, ovate-oriented, gradually tip, 5-6mm long, corolla purple, and hidden in the Tube.Inside, about 1.5mm in length, 25-32mm diameter of the coronary eaves, 5 deep cracks, long round linear, 20-22mm long, 4mm wide, gradually tip to extremely pointed.Fate hair; 5 stamens, a few aspects, about 1.1cm long, about 1mm long, the flower medicine is rounded, the base is round, the upper part is extended, the end is yellow, and the top hole is upward;top, about 5mm long, flower columns long. 3mm, stigma green, shallow 2 cracks.
Pour pear-shaped, 4.5-5.5cm long, yellow on the outside, white inner white, 5 nipple-like raised, dark brown seeds, close-up flat flat, about 3mm in diameter.Flower and fruit period summer and autumn.
Land environment
Golden fruits are native to the Americas, and they have species in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan.The environment with warmth, sufficient light, and good ventilation, not cold -resistant, afraid of waterlogging and drought.It should be fertile, loose and well -drained sandy loam.The temperature in winter should not be 12 C.
Breeding method
1. Sowing and breeding
Take out the seeds after ripening and store them dry.Southern China sowed in March, and sowed in the north in April, with a depth of 0.3-0.4cm, and often kept the pot soil moist.After the seeds are unearthed, the seedlings should be shaded in the early stage, and the sunlight gradually appears in the future, and the management of Fertilizer and water is strengthened.The seedlings can be planted about 15cm high.
2,Cuttance
In the summer, use the top tender branches as an cut, 12-15cm long, insert a sand bed, take root for 15-20 days, and transplant for 30 days.
3. Cultivation technology
plant
Gold fruit should use large Flower pots with a diameter of more than 30cm in the mouth of the pot.Due to loose and fertile soil, it can also grow in the acidic soil in the south and the alkaline soil in the north, but it is best not to mix the old soil left after the pot.Do not choose the plot of the first stubble in the first stubble plant, which can significantly reduce the pests and insect pests, which is conducive to the normal growth of the plant.
Fertilization
Gold fruit is applied every 10-15 days to apply thin Fertilizer water every 10-15 days. During pregnancy, more phosphorus and Potassium fertilizer are applied, or a 0.2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied to the leaf surface to promote flowers and fruits.
Watering
In the spring seedling period, keep the roots half -dry and semi -wet. Do not water too hard to avoid reducing the temperature of the ground and affecting plant growth. Conditions can be stamped with ground membranes in spring, increasing ground temperature, and promoting root growth.Watering is fully watered during the growth period, do not miss the water during the summer and autumn.
temperature light
Gold fruit growing temperature is 15-25 C, and the best fruit Hanging temperature is 20-35 C.In South ChinaA little protection can overwinter the open field, and the winter of East China, Central China, and North China must be overwinter indoors.After the frost is reduced, move into a place with better indoor light and maintain room temperature of not less than 10-15 C.
Plastic pruning
When the golden fruit plants grow as high as 30-40cm, appropriate topping 2-3 times, prompting multiple side branches to form a plump and proportioned plant shape, which is also conducive to flowering.Potted plants retain 3-4 rights, and 5-6 rights are reserved on the ground, and excess axillary buds and branches are erased.
disease and insect prevention
The law of the incidence of golden fruit is about three cycles: first, the period of the occurrence of yellow disease and virus disease. During this period, about one month after transplantation in the fields, it can be prevented with mildew and multi -bacterial spirits; the second is the establishment of standing.During the occurrence of blight and pink disease, it is easy to occur after the plant Hanging and the effect of polymorphic spiritual control; the third is when the fruit is ripe, if it encounters long -term rainy weather, there will be a large area of fruit falling. At this timeIt can be used to prevent and treat it with Daisen, zinc or thoroughly.At the same time, we must clean up the fallen leaves and weeds in time to eradicate the diseased plants, block the source of the disease, and reduce the transmission pathway.The main pests of golden fruits include land tigers and vegetable green worms. They should do a good job of preventing and having timely killing in advance.
Main value
1. Gardening use
The base of the golden fruit has a nipple -like protrusion, or a creamy head, or a finger, or a horn.It is strangely fruit -shaped, with a fruit watching period for half a year, and the fruit color is bright. It is a precious fruit watching plant, which is widely used in cut flowers and Potted flowers.
2,Medicinal value
Gold fruits can be used for medicinal and containing sunflower.It has the effects of anti -inflammatory and analgesics, dispersing blood stasis and swelling.Indications for heart and stomach qi, lymphatic tuberculosis, sores of armpits.
The higher polyphenol content in gold fruits can partially inhibit the glycating process of fibroblasts, promote the formation of collagen, and protect cells from free radical damage and enhance cell vitality.
Plant culture
In the folk, golden fruits are auspicious plants that symbolize the five blessings, Jinyu Mantang, and wealth of wealth. Because of the name of the Five Dynasties, it means that the descendants are endless and passed down from generation to generation.People often put golden fruits on the case.In the West, the flower language of golden fruits is "healthy and old, and gold and silver."
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