What are the categories of GPS navigator

Classification by the purpose of the receiver

1.navigation receiver

This type of receiver is mainly used for navigation of the motion carrier, which can give the position and speed of the carrier in real time.This type of receiver generally uses C/A code pseudo -distance measurement. The real -time positioning accuracy of the single point is low, generally 10m, and the SA affects 100m.This type of receiver is cheap and widely used.Depending on the application field, such receivers can be further divided into:

car type -for vehicle navigation positioning;

navigation type -for Ship navigation positioning;

Aviation type -for aircraft navigation positioning.

Due to the fast Running speed of the aircraft, the receiver used on aviation requires to adapt to high -speed exercise.

Starry type -for navigation positioning for satellites.Because the speed of satellites is as high as 7km/s, the requirements for receiving machines are higher.

2.Ground -type receiver

The ground -type receiver is mainly used for precision land measurement and precision engineering measurement.This type of instrument mainly uses carrier phase observation values for relative positioning, with high positioning accuracy.The structure of the instrument is complicated and the price is more expensive.

3.Time -type receiver

This type of receiver mainly uses the high -precision time standard provided by the GPS satellite to be awarded, and it is often used in the time of time in the observatory and radio communication.

Classified by the carrier frequency of the receiver

Single -frequency receiver

Single -frequency receiver can only receive the L1 carrier signal, and the carrier phase observation value can be determined.Because the effect of the ionization layer delay cannot be effectively eliminated, a single -frequency receiver is only applicable to the precision positioning of the short -based line (& lt; 15km).

Dual -frequency receiver

The dual -frequency receiver can receive L1 and L2 carrier signals at the same time.The use of dual -frequency delay on the ionization layer can eliminate the effects of ionizing layers on the delay of electromagnetic wave signals. Therefore, dual -frequency receiver can be used for precision positioning of thousands of kilometers long.

Classified by the number of channel channels

The GPS receiving function also receives the signals of multiple GPS satellites at the same time. In order to separate the signal of different satellites received to achieve the tracking, processing and measurement of satellite signals, devices with such functions are called antenna signal channels.The types of channels that the receiver can be divided into: multi -channel receiver; sequential channel receiver; multi -channel multi -purpose channel receiver.

Classified by the working principle of the receiver

Code -related receiver

Code -related receiver uses code -related technologies to obtain pseudo -distance observation values.

Square receiver

The Square receiver uses the Square technology of the carrier signal to remove the adjustment signal to restore the complete carrier signal. The phase difference between the carrier signal generated in the receiving machine through the phase meter is determined by the phase difference between the carrier signal generated in the receiverEssence

Hybrid receiver

This instrument is a comprehensive advantage of the above two receiving machines. It can obtain the code phase pseudo distance or the carrier phase observation value.

Interference receiver

This receiver uses the GPS satellite as a radio power source. The interference measurement method is used to determine the distance between the two measuring stations.

GPS navigator is classified according to use

1As well asnavigation receiver

This type of receiver is mainly used for navigation of the motion carrier, which can give the position and speed of the carrier in real time.This type of receiver is generally adoptedC/ACode pseudo -distance measurement, a single point of real -time positioning accuracy is low, generally10M,haveSAThe influence is100MEssenceThis type of receiver is cheap and widely used.Depending on the application field, such receivers can be further divided into:

car type -for vehicle navigation positioning;

navigation type -for Ship navigation positioning;

Aviation type -for aircraft navigation positioning.Due to the fast Running speed of the aircraft, the receiver used on aviation requires to adapt to high -speed exercise.

Starry type -for navigation positioning for satellites.Due to the high speed of satellites7km/sThe above, so the requirements for receiving machines are higher.

2. Destiny receiver machine

The ground -type receiver is mainly used for precision land measurement and precision engineering measurement.This type of instrument mainly uses carrier phase observation values for relative positioning, with high positioning accuracy.The structure of the instrument is complicated and the price is more expensive.

3. Time -type receiver

This type of receiver is mainly usedGPSThe high -precision time standard provided by satellites is often used in the time of time in the Observatory and radio communication.

Classified by the carrier frequency of the receiver

1. Single -frequency receiver

Single -frequency receiver can only receiveL1Carrier signal, determine the observation value of the carrier phase.Because the effect of the ionization layer cannot be effectively eliminated, the single -frequency receiver is only applicable to the short -based line (& lt; 15km) Precision positioning.

1. Dual -frequency receiver

Dual -frequency receiver can be received at the same timeL1,,L2Carrier signal.The use of dual -frequency delay on the ionization layer can eliminate the effects of ionizing layers on the delay of electromagnetic wave signals. Therefore, dual -frequency receiver can be used for precision positioning of thousands of kilometers long.

Classified by the number of channel channels

GPSReceive functions at the same timeGPSSatellite signals, in order to separate the signals of different satellites received to achieve the tracking, processing and measurement of satellite signals. Meters with such functions are called antenna signal channels.The types of channels that are received according to the receiver can be divided into:

Multi -channel receiver

Order channel receiver

Multi -way multi -use channel receiver

Classified by the working principle of the receiver

Code -related receiver

Code -related receiver uses code -related technologies to obtain pseudo -distance observation values.

Square receiver

The Square receiver uses the Square technology of the carrier signal to remove the adjustment signal,,To restore the complete carrier signal, the phase difference between the carrier signal generated in the receiving machine through the phase meter is determined to determine the pseudo -distance observation value.

Hybrid receiver

This instrument is a comprehensive advantage of the above two receiving machines. It can obtain the code phase pseudo distance or the carrier phase observation value.

Interference receiver

This kind of receiver isGPSAs a radio source, the satellite uses the interference measurement method to determine the distance between the two stations.

go through20The practice of the rest of the year proves,GPSThe system is a high -precision, all -weather and global radio navigation, positioning and timing multi -functional system.GPSTechnology has developed into an international high -tech industry with multi -field, multi -mode, multi -purpose, and multi -model.

MeasuringGPS

The ground -type receiver is mainly used for precision land measurement and precision engineering measurement.This type of instrument mainly uses carrier phase observation values for relative positioning, with high positioning accuracy.The structure of the instrument is complicated and the price is more expensive.According to the use of use and accuracy, it is also divided into static (single -frequency) receiver and dynamic (dual -frequency) receiver.RTKEssence

carGPS

When it is made through hardware and softwareGPSWhen the positioning terminal is used for vehicle positioning, it is called a carGPS,However, the positioning alone is not good, and this positioning information must be passed to the alarm center or on the carGPSWith the holder, we call it a third party.soGPSThe positioning system also containsGSMNetwork Communication (mobile phone communication), passGSMThe network sends satellite positioning information to a third party by SMS.Interpret SMS with a microcomputer and display the location of the vehicle on the electronic map.This realizes the carGPSposition.At the same time, install the corresponding detection sensor on the car, and use the carGPSPositioningGSMThe network communication function can also send the anti -theft alarm information to a third party, or send this alarm phone and SMS directly to the owner's mobile phone, complete the car to complete the carGPSanti -theft alarm.It can be seen here that the carGPSPositioningGSMThe network part is actually a smartphone that can communicate with third parties. You can also seize the vehicle by the driver, and the driver is sent to the third party.So the carGPSPositioning is positioning, anti -theft, and anti -robbery.

Similar carGPS

Similar carGPSTerminals include positioning mobile phones, personal positioners, etc.GPSSatellite positioning is due to the third -party positioning service, so it is necessary/ /Annual service fee.

All currentGPSThere is no navigation function for positioning the terminal.Because the hardware and software need to be increased, the cost is increased.

GPSEarly warning device

GPSThe early warning device is passedGPSSatelliteGPSSet the coordinates in the early warning device to complete, such as encountering an electronic eye, and then set up a coordinate directly below the electronic eye through the relevant device.Before300Early warning will start around Mi, telling the owner that there is an electronic eye test in front of the owner, and it cannot be drove over speed, which plays a warning role.Such accuracy is related to the amount of data points, mainly to achieve the use of satellite positioning.

GPS meaning in Chinese

GPS is the abbreviation of English Global Positioning System.GPS started a project of the US military in 1958 and was put into use in 1964.In the 1970s, the U.S., sea, and air forces jointly developed a new generation of satellite positioning system GPS.The main purpose is to provide real -time, all -weather and global navigation services for the three major fields of land, sea and air, and some military purposes such as intelligence collection, nuclear explosion monitoring and emergency communication. After more than 20 years of research experiments, it costs $ 30 billion. By 1994The global coverage rate of up to 98%of the 24 GPS satellite constellation is completed.

GPS has another meaning in the mechanical field: product geometric technical specifications (GPS).Another meaning is G/S (GB Per Second).GPS (Generalized Processor Sharing) broadening is a special term in processor sharing and network service quality control.

Common functions of GPS navigator

The GPS navigator can help users accurately locate the current position, and calculate the itinerary according to the established destination. The GPS navigator guides the instruments of users to the destination through the map display and voice prompts.Usually we use the car GPS navigator.The operation of the GPS navigator relies on GPS for short.It is composed of three parts: space satellite, ground monitoring and user receiving.

Map query

You can search for the destination you want to go on the operation terminal.

You can record the location information you often go to, and keep it, and you can share these location information with others.

Vaguely query your attachment or information about gas stations, hotels, cash machines and other information near a certain location.

Route planning

The GPS navigation system will automatically plan a line according to the starting point and destination you set.

The planning line can set whether to pass some ways.

The planning line can set whether to avoid high -speed functions.

Automatic navigation

Voice navigation: Voice provides driving information to the driver in advance to the driver, such as a guide to the road, such as a guide, telling you how to drive to your destination.The most important function in navigation allows you to reach your destination without watching the operation terminal.

Screen navigation: On the operation terminal, the map, the current position of the car, the speed of driving, the distance of the destination, the planned route prompt, the driving information prompted by the intersection.

Re -planning line: When you do not drive according to the planned line, or go to the wrong intersection, the GPS navigation system will re -plan a new line to reach your destination according to your current position.

Automatic voice guide

When tourists use portable tourist navigators to approach the attractions, the navigation system shows the connotation and more vividly to the Park scenic spots and display historical relics in a graphic manner, so that tourists can extend their connotation in the process of watching the scenes and exhibits.Visitors have fully appreciated the appearance of the scenic area and exhibits, and they have gained rich knowledge.

GPSPositioning anti -theftFunction

12. The vehicle is illegally moved, and automatically dial -up the police and the SMS notification of the alarm!And you can learn at any time to learn the accurate coordinate position and dynamics of the vehicle!

2The vehicle is illegally moved,GPSPositioning the anti -theft of the alarm automatically and expel the thief!

3The vehicle is illegally moved,GPSPositioning the anti -theft device automatic oil breakstrone short electricity!Let the thieves be unable to start!

4, The vehicle is illegally moved or stolen, the user can move/ /In static conditions, lock the motor vehicle position and call the police to track and chase thieves in time!

5The vehicle is illegally moved. Users can lock the motor vehicle position through a smartphone, or inquire about the dynamic position of the motor vehicle by the Internet. It can also use a third -party navigation function to lock the target!

6, The vehicle is hijacked, one -click dial can passGPSPositioning the anti -theft device anti -control vehicle, remote positioning monitoring, or driving the robbers!

7NothingGPSSatellite signal areas, automatically store the coordinates before signal, lock the thief dens or blind spots.

8Faithful guards, loyal bodyguards lurking in motor vehicles!With a power -off automatic memory settings, after re -powering, the data status of the working data state is automatically recovered before power off.

9, Actively send a greeting text message or holiday reminder SMS once a month; a warm prompt will be sent to the SMS every two monthsGPSPositioning anti -theft mobile phone card recharge.When the voltage of the car battery or independent power supply is too low, it will automatically send a prompt charging SMS to the host user.

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1. How to look at the direction of the electronic navigation map

What do you think of the direction of navigation?The arrows on the mobile electronic navigation map are not compass, but they will change according to the direction of movement.

1. After opening the navigation map software, select the address in the puppet bar, and then click the bottom (here) at the bottom (go here). There is an upward icon. After clicking, you will get the line diagram of the entire navigation section.Start navigation, but click the positioning of the small Yuanxin in the lower left of the map twice, and you can judge the position corresponding to any direction of the mobile phone. After you know your position, click to start the navigation to know that the direction should be taken.

2. The current mobile navigation is smart navigation, that is, a fool -type navigation.Therefore, it is not necessary to determine the direction when using navigation (north and south).After specifying the destination, start navigation, and follow the direction or voice prompts of the navigation instructions.

3. In addition, there are also directions and streets on the map.

4. In non -navigation, if you want to know the north and south of the country, you can use the northern needle on the mobile phone, or look at the direction of the north small magnetic needle on the map.

2. How to set up the route for map navigation

1. Open the mobile map software, select the [route] below, and select the starting position and end point position in the route planning page.Click the "" in the middle to add the first passing point and the second passing point, respectively.

2. Set up, click [Drive], enter the route interface, you can see the newly planned new route.We can also choose to set driving preferences to optimize our route.

3. In addition to "" to increase the passage point, we can also click on the route position on the line map to increase our way.In this way, there is a complete driving route that you need.

1. Positioning principle of Beidou system

The 35 satellites run around the earth at a height of more than 20,000 kilometers from the ground, surrounding the earth with a fixed cycle, so that at any time, any more than 4 satellites can be observed at any point on the ground.

Because the position of the satellite is accurate, in the observation of satellites, we can get the distance from the satellite to the receiver. Using the distance formula in the three -dimensional coordinates, the three satellites can be used to form three equations to solve the observation point of the observation point.Location (x, y, z).Considering the error between the clock of the satellite and the receiver clock, there are actually 4 unknown, the difference between X, Y, Z, and clocks, so the 4th satellite needs to be introduced to form 4 squares for solving, so as to obtain the observation point of the observation pointLavels and heights.

In fact, the receiver can often lock more than 4 satellites. At this time, the receiver can be distributed into several groups according to the satellite constellation, and each group is 4, and then the group with the smallest error is selected by the algorithm for positioning, thereby positioning, so asImprove accuracy.

The concept of "arrival time difference" (delay) is implemented: the accurate position of each satellite and the navigation information generated by the continuously sent atomic clock generated on the star of the star to obtain the time difference from the satellite to the receiver.

The satellite sends a radio signal with time and location information in the air for receiving the receiver.Due to the distance factor of the transmission, the time when the receiving machine receives the signal is delayed than the moment when the signal sends the signal, it is usually called a delay. Therefore, the distance can be determined by the delay.The satellite and receiving machine generate the same pseudo -random code at the same time. Once the two yards achieve time synchronization, the receiver can determine the delay; take the delay on the speed of light, and get the distance.

The computer and navigation information generators on each satellite understand their orbit position and system time very accurately, while the global monitoring station network maintains the position and system time of the satellite continuously tracking the satellite.Together with the main control station on the ground, with its operation control section, at least once a day, it is injected into the correction data of each satellite.Injecting data include: determination of the orbit position of each satellite in the constellation and the correction of the star clock.These correction data are calculated on the basis of complex models and can be maintained within a few weeks.

Satellite navigation system time is maintained by the pupae of the atomic clock on each satellite.Within a few seconds of NATO of these star clocks to the world coordination (UTC), UTC is maintained by the "main clock" of the US Navy's viewing table. The stability of each main clock is several 10^-13 seconds.The satellites used two frequency bands and two frequency bands in the early days. Later, it gradually changed to more frequent bands.Generally, within any designated time, only one frequency sign is working on each satellite.

Satellite navigation principle: The distance between satellite and users is based on the difference between the launch time of satellite signals and the time to reach the receiver, called pseudo -distance.In order to calculate the user's three -dimensional position and the bell deviation of the receiver, the pseudo -distance measurement requires that at least the signals from 4 satellites are received.

Due to the errors of satellite Running track and satellite clock, the effects of atmosphere on the signal on the flow layer and ionization layer on the signal, so that the positioning accuracy of civilian use is only tens of meters.In order to improve the positioning accuracy, the differential positioning technology (such as DGPS, DGNSS) is generally adopted, and the ground ground reference station (differential platform) is established for satellite observation., And released to the outside world.After receiving the correction number, the receiver compares it with its own observation value, eliminates most of the errors, and obtains a more accurate position.Experiments show that the positioning of differential positioning technology can be improved to the rice level.

Second, system function

(1) Four features

Shrology communication: Beidou system user terminal has two-way message communication functions, and users can transmit 40-60 Chinese characters at a time.It can reach information with 120 Chinese characters at a time.It has important application value in ocean navigation.

Precision time: Beidou system has a precision time-seeking function, which can provide users with 20ns-100ns time synchronization accuracy.

Positioning accuracy: horizontal accuracy of 100 meters (1S), 20 meters (similar to differential status) after the establishment of a school station.Working frequency: 2491.75MHz.

The largest number of users accommodated by the system: 540,000 households/h.

(2) military function

The military functions of the "Beidou" satellite navigation positioning system are similar to GPS, such as: positioning navigation of motion targets; the rapid positioning of the launch position of the weapon vehicle launch of the reaction time;

This function is used in military, which means that the positioning of troops at all Levels can be actively positioned, which means that once the troops at all Levels are equipped with the "Beidou" satellite navigation positioning system, in addition to their own positioning navigation, the senior headquarters can also pass at any time through at any time.The "Beidou" system masters the position of the troops and conveys the relevant commands, which is quite helpful for the implementation of the task.In other words, the execution of the "Beidou" satellite navigation positioning system can be used to command and control and the battlefield management.

(3) Civil function

1. Personal location service

When you enter a place where you are not familiar with, you can use a mobile phone or car satellite navigation device equipped with Beidou satellite navigation to receive chips to find the route you want to take.

2. Meteorological application

The development of Beidou navigation satellite weather can promote China's weather analysis and numerical weather forecast, climate change monitoring and prediction, and improve the level of spatial weather early warning business, and improve China's ability to prevent disaster prevention and mitigation.

In addition, the meteorological application of the Beidou navigation satellite system has an important impact on promoting the innovation application and industrial expansion of Beidou navigation satellite.

3. Road traffic management

Satellite navigation will help slow down traffic blockage and improve road traffic management level.By installing a satellite navigation receiver and data transmitter on the vehicle, the location information of the vehicle can be automatically reposted to the central station within a few seconds.These location information can be used for road traffic management.

4. smart transportation of railway

Satellite navigation will promote the upgrading and transformation of traditional transportation methods.For example, in the field of railway transportation, by installing satellite navigation terminal equipment, it can greatly shorten the interval between the train, reduce transportation costs, and effectively improve transportation efficiency.In the future, the Beidou satellite navigation system will provide highly reliable, high -precision positioning, speed measurement, and timing services to promote the modernization of railway transportation and realize the transformation of traditional scheduling to intelligent transportation management.

5. Sea transportation and water transportation

Sea transport and water transportation are one of the most widely transported methods in the world and one of the earliest applications for satellite navigation.Most of the various types of vessels driving in the world's oceans and rivers and lakes are installed with satellite navigation terminal equipment to make sea and water transport more efficient and secure.Beidou satellite navigation systems will provide navigation positioning and safety guarantee for water sailing ships under any weather conditions.At the same time, the telecommunications function unique to the Beidou satellite navigation system will support the development of various new services.

6. Air transportation

When the aircraft landed at the airport, the most basic requirement is to ensure the safe distance between the aircraft.Using the advantages of accurate positioning and speed measurement of satellite navigation, you can determine the instantaneous position of the aircraft in real time, effectively reduce the safe distance between the aircraft, and even in the case of heavy fog weather, it can achieve automatic blind drops, which greatly improves flight safety and airport operations.efficiency.By combining the effective combination of the Beidou satellite navigation system with the other systems, more security guarantees will be provided for aviation transportation.

7. Emergency rescue

Satellite navigation has been widely used in searches and rescue in the sparse areas of deserts, mountains, oceans, and other people.When major disasters such as earthquakes and floods, the key to the success of rescue is to understand the disaster in a timely manner and reach the rescue location quickly.In addition to the navigation positioning of the Beidou satellite navigation system, it also has a short newspaper communication function. Through satellite navigation terminal equipment, it can report the location and disaster situation in time to effectively shorten the time of rescue search, increase the time limit for rescue and disaster relief, and greatly reduce the loss of people's lives and property.

8. Guide to grazing

In October 2014, the Beidou system began to pilot the construction of the Beidou satellite grazing informatization guidance system in the pastoral area of Qinghai Province. It mainly relies on the automatic station of the data collection of Beidou smart terminals and pasture for the belligence of the pasture area to achieve data information transmission.The dynamic monitoring of the pasta, cattle, and cattle and sheep through Beidou ground stations and Beidou star groups and relay treated.In the summer of 2015, herders in pilot pastoral areas can use special Beidou smart terminal devices to guide grazing.

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one, How is the map navigation voice package made?

Baidu Map

1 After logging in and entering Baidu map, if you want to start recording navigation voice packs directly, just click on the right " Voice customization " The function can start recording;

2 After entering the interface of voice recording, you can see various types of characters and style voice packages in private customization and official production columns, click on " Recording my voice " Start recording;

3 To enter the interface of the recording selection, first of all, you need to choose the corresponding gender in the female voice, male voice, childhood girls, and child voice men;

4 Then select the text content you want to record, choose according to your preferences, and select all after the selection is completed " Next step " Items

5 The software will pop up the contents of the recording. When recording, you need to recording in a particularly quiet environment. " Start recording " You can record;

6 2. After a period of noise testing, Baidu Map will detect the noise in the current scene. After the test is completed, click " Start recording " You can record your own voice pack;

7 After the voice package is recorded, if you want to view the voice recorded before, just return to the voice custom interface, in " mine " Check in the column.

How to record Gaode map navigation Vocal Package

1 As well as mobile phone download and install Gaode map,, Open the map after installation.

2 As well as Click the avatar at the top left of the map to enter the personal center page.There is a navigation voice package here.

3 As well as Open the navigation voice package, you can download various types of voice packages, and there is a good voice to record my at the bottom.

4 As well as Open and start recording, hold down the sound keys, and start recording. There are eight prompts in total.

5 As well as You can view the sound you just recorded here. If you are not satisfied, you can recording.

6 As well as record the click to save.You can name your voice.

7 As well as Then you can use your own voice under navigation language.You can hear your voice when navigation.

2. How to open the navigation map route.

mapAPP The voice prompts in the navigation are open by default. If you find that it is not open when used, you can use the following steps to perform voice settings:

1 , Open the map APP , And find the [navigation] tag at the bottom of the page, click the tag to enter the navigation setting page;

2 2. In the navigation setting page, find the [Driven Assistant] section. There are [navigation Voice] in this section. Clicking the navigation voice will open a new page.

3 The navigation voice can be set on the [navigation Voice] page.

3. How to set your own voice by the voice prompt of navigation map route

1 , Download and open the navigation map APP , Click the icon of personal information in the upper left corner.

2 Enter the personal interface and click "navigation Voice Pack".

3 Click "Recording my voice".

4 , According to the prompts of the screen, hold down the Mike below, and enter a few words inserted according to this.

5 , Complete the recording, click "Save".

6 In the pop -up dialog box, you can change the file name and click "Save".

7 You can see your own voice, click back, you can navigate and try.