How to make a Telescope by yourself
The Telescope is actually a Tool that looks closer to the distant objects.In order to realize this function, there is a device (objective mirror, also called a main mirror) on the Telescope to collect the light from the distant objects, and pass the light (image) to the focus of another device (eyepiece lens).Eliminate the image and pass to your eyes.According to the following steps, you can make a simple Telescope at home.
Simple self -made Telescope material
Two magnifying glasses -about 2.5--3 cm in diameter (if one of them is larger than the other, the effect will be better), a paper Tube -roll into a Tube with paper towels or gifts (a little growing a fewIt will be better), tape, scissors, a straight ruler, code ruler or tape measure, paper with content -newspapers or magazines.
Making steps of handmade Telescope
Take out two magnifying glass and a printed article.
Put a magnifying glass (the big one) between you and paper.The image on the article will look vague.
Put another magnifying glass between your eyes and the first magnifying glass.
Move the second glass back and forth until the printing content looks very clear.You will notice that the article looks bigger and is inverted.
Please help me to measure the distance between the two magnitude magnifying glasses and record it.
Cut a groove at about 2.5 cm in the front end of the paper Tube near the front end.Don't cut the roller.This slot can accommodate the larger magnifying glass.
Cut another groove on the paper Tube. The distance between this slot and the first slot is equal to the distance recorded by your friends.This is where the second magnifying glass is placed.
Put the two magnifying glass on the corresponding groove (large on the front, the small on the back), and fix them with tape.
Leave a rolling of about 1-2 cm behind the smaller magnifying glass and cut off the excess roll.
Use this Telescope to look at the paper printed with content to check whether it has made it successfully.You may have to spend some energy to determine the accurate distance between the two lenses, so that the image can focus.
You have made a simple refraction Telescope!With this Telescope, you can use it to observe the moon, some stars and things on the earth (such as birds).
The above is the method of making ordinary Telescopes. Let's take a look at how to make more professional natural Telescope.
Detailed explanation of astronomical Telescope DIY steps
Here I introduce to you the Cairple -style refracted Telescope that is easy to find. This type of Telescope is also the easiest to make. It does not have too high requirements. The field of view is large.In this society, it is relatively easy to find. Unlike the reflex, the concave mirror is not purchased from the manufacturer, it can only be made through its own hard grinding, and it may not be successful at one time.Our Telescope belongs to the entry level. It cannot be compared with those high -end, but it can also meet general observation requirements.It is still helpful for improving interest and knowledge of astronomy.
The first is the magnification rate of the Telescope, because it is an entry -level, in order to ensure the picture quality and clarity (that is, the resolution), we should not pursue the amplification multiples.Observation to the object is the humiliation of vision.Here I introduce to you a Telescope of about 30 times. It can clearly see the ring mountain on the moon. The largest planet Jupiter looks like a small disc. When the observation conditions are good, you can see it above it.The large erythema, as for Saturn halo, if your lens quality and handmade are made well enough, when the Saturn is large in the clear night sky, you can barely see something unusual around it, yes, that is, it is it itThe halo.
Astronomical Telescope production material
One piece of telephoto mirror, short-focus flat and convex (dual convex) lens 1-4 pieces, paper Tube (or rolling with paper by itself), glue, etc.
First, the first is a material mirror. The caliber is about 50-80 cm at a caliber of about 5 cm. It mainly depends on what kind of focal length you can find. Theoretically, the larger the caliber, the longer the more focal length.It is better. This kind of lens is more difficult to find now. Unlike before, there are mail order kits. A lens with a caliber of 10 cm with a caliber of 10 cm is not a very difficult thing.It can be searched on the online shopping. Finding a lens with a focal length of 80 cm should not be difficult. My Telescope uses a flat convex lens with a diameter of 5 cm.Remember to be a flat -convex lens, dual -convex and new moon -type uneven lens, and the effect is very poor, mainly because the color difference and Qi change are very powerful.A combination of lens is generally between 1: 8 or 1:15, such as a lens with a caliber of 5 cm. Calculated by 1:15, 5x15 = 75 cm, our piece is 80 cm or it is okay or it is still possibleEssenceIf you press 1: 8, it is 5x8 = 40 cm, which means a lens with a diameter of 5 cm. The focal length is between 40-80 cm.The range of Telescopes that are too much will be very poor, just like you buy a magnifying glass with a caliber of 10 cm at a die shop. Its focal length is only more than 30 cm like this. Its proportion is far below the range of 1: 8There is only 1: 3, this kind of lens is not good. The image of the image observed is very powerful, unless you only plan to make a toy for children.
The lens I use the whiteboard (thick paper) to roll the outer barrel, mainly to facilitate the installation of the lens barrel.allow.If your lens lens is also made by yourself, you can save this step, and just roll the lens lens to the same size as the diameter of the object mirror.The diameter of the objective mirror is 5 cm, and a 3 cm grating should be made, because it is not a chromatography differential lens. The color difference is still there. It can only be eliminated by sacrificing the caliber.If you spend hundreds of dollars from the Internet and get a lens with poor color eliminations, this grating can be saved, and it will not sacrifice the amount of light of the caliber.
Astronomical Telescope lens barrel production
I use some hard paper Tube to do it. You can go to the jet place to ask others.
The focal length of our objective mirror is 80 cm, and the length of the lenscin can only be about 20 cm shorter than the focal length. Because everyone's vision is different, we also need to make a mirror barrel to adjust to watch people with different vision.Generally, the hard paper Tube obtained in the workshop is relatively long. You can use a saw to see a short paper cylinder according to the focal length of the lens.
Next, make eyepiece. This kind of lens is the easiest to find everyone. You can buy almost on the ground. Here I use the amplifier of repairing clocks, because the eyepiece for this Telescope is the same.It is general. Of course, you can also use other lenses. The source of the lens is a variety of. Two two pieces of the focal length can form a composite mirror with a focal length of about 2.5 cm.The distance between the two lenses is two -thirds of the focal length of the single film. The focal length can be shortened to three -quarters of the original single -chop focal length. This ratio is seen in other books that make Telescopes, but according to my experience, let's take my experience.Two lenses directly ask about three millimeters, which can shorten half of the distance.
It is also very good to make a large magnification mirror. Its magnitude of the magnification is about 5 times. The focal length and the amplifier of the clock repair watch are about 4 cm.OK, but the magnification rate is small. If there is a single -block focal length of 3 cm, the lens is better, two pieces are fine, and the focal length can be about 2 cm.2.5 cm = 32 times. If the focal length of the eyed mirror is 2 cm, then its magnification is 40 times. If you get a magnifying glass with a focal length of 1 cm, the magnifying rate of this Telescope will reach 80 times.The magnification of the Telescope is that the focal length of the objective mirror is except the focal length of the eyed mirror is equal to the magnifying multiple. We cannot ignore the imaging quality for the blind pursuit of the magnification. In the same caliber, the higher the magnification, the darker the picture.Observation and watching the moon at night are okay. It is not necessary to see the stars. Even if your magnification is 200 times, it is still a small light spot in the Telescope.
Astronomical Telescope eye lens barrel production
Next, we want to make the eyewarbar, because we use the hard paper Tube of the inkjet material, and the lens barrel can only be rolled to the lenscin.The mirror barrel is done with about 250 grams of whiteboard cardboard (thick paper like kraft paper). It rolls a few layers to achieve a certain thickness. It feels like a certain strength.I usually roll 4-6 layers like this, because the whiteboard cardboard itself has a certain hardness, and it is convenient to curl. The rolled lens cylinder has a intensity and a little elasticity, which is very suitable.After the roll, you can make a light grid on the inner wall. It is best to make a few racks. According to the length of the lens barrel, I do a maximum of three, that is, a grating is made in a few centimeters in the diameter barrel.Reduce light reflex on the inner wall, so that observation is no longer affected by mixed light, and it has a great guarantee for imaging quality.Then make a eyepiece connection, which mainly inserts the eyepiece mirror to facilitate the replacement of different focal length eyepiece to form a different magnification.
Finally, use glue to stick the eyepiece to the diameter barrel.
Astronomical Telescope is made of front mirror
At this point, a Telescope is basically completed, but at this time, the scenes watched are upside down, which is upside down, which has little impact on astronomical observations, because the stars and planets are basically round, and it does not matter. If it is used during the day, it is used during the day.If you come to observe the scenery, it feels not so comfortable visually. At this time, you can make a positive mirror to improve this vision.It is positive, but the left and right are upside down, but this has little effect on viewing.The shell of the positive mirror is made of the corrugated paper of the packaging carton. It has thickness and a certain strength, and the materials are easy to find and easy to paste. A small mirror is sticking inside.Or the kind of disassembly in the slide, the average ordinary mirror is also fine, but it can only be used to watch the scenery during the day. It is not good to see the stars and the moon at night, because the coating is under the glass, and the glass has a certain amount of glass.Thickness, when the light is shot oblique, multiple reflexes occur between the silver -plated layer under the glass surface and the glass under the glass. The thicker the mirror, the more obvious the phenomenon of multiple reflexes. At this timeBecome multiple.This has an unnecessary impact on observation, so it is best to use the reflex mirror on the surface with silver or aluminum, and the mirror should be flat, otherwise the image will change.
After all the above were done, a Telescope was basically completed.
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