[navigation System] What are the working principles of the GBS navigation system?

Common GPS navigation systems are generally divided into five forms: mobile phone, PDA, multimedia, vehicle -mounted, notebook types.With the popularity of smartphones and mobile phones of PDA functions, the first three forms have begun to cross.In addition to the products that are integrated with the CD machine mentioned earlier, the GPS that comes with the original car of many models also belongs to this type.The convenience of notebook products has been limited in terms of use. In addition to some enthusiasts, few people use it for car navigation.

Types of GPS navigation System

1. mobile phone GPS

The Nokia series mobile phone using the S60 intelligent system is a typical representative of the mobile phone GPS navigation system.A GPS signal receiving module LD-3W is connected through the Bluetooth system (other models include LD-1W, LD-4W), and navigation operations can be performed through the navigation software in the mobile phone.

In general, the mobile navigation system is easy to carry. A small module will not become a burden at all. The price is relatively low in price than many GPS products, especially when you have a S60 phone, you only need to pay more 700 yuan more.You can get detailed navigation functions on the left and right.Of course, you can also buy a 1,500 yuan S60 mobile phone after getting a module.

2. PDA -type GPS

There are many PDA mobile phones in the market now. Dopod is a major brand. It has the functions of mobile phones and the practicality of PDA, which makes many business people feel a lot of affection for such products.After all, compared with the S60 system, whether it is the PALM system and the WindowsMobile system, the various types of software supporting are richer and the product is more functional.Of course, the navigation function of such products sometimes requires the Bluetooth GPS receiving module.

Because the PDA -type GPS is placed in the fuselage in the end of the navigation system, it is best to pay attention to the position of the body at all times. It is best to always place it under the front windshield.

3. Multimedia GPS

There are also some people who call this type of product as a car GPS. It can be understood so that they have almost no other functions except for use in the car.It is also because of the single nature of this function that can make them easier and practical.

This type of GPS also has a variety of prices according to different functions. In addition to individual low-priced or high-priced models, the main product price is concentrated in the range of 3,000-5000 yuan. The GPS navigation system in this range is also the most in the market at present the market.Mainstream.

Most car owners prefer the main reason for multimedia GPSs to be simple and easy to use.

4. Vehicle GPS, Notebook GPS

There is nothing to talk about these two products. The price of GPS integrating with the head of the machine has always been high. If it is not for higher requirements for the audio and video entertainment system itself, then choosing this system is entirely chargingBig.In addition to paying a higher price when buying a car when buying a car, the later map upgrade is also very high. Generally, a DVD map disc is nearly 1,000 yuan.

And the notebook GPS is more in a state of fever and play. Although the notebook is already small, it still cannot be fixed by a suction cup just as other products. Holding a 10 -inch guy on the car for navigation as a navigation on the car for navigation.It is not easy. It is more suitable for GPS enthusiasts to test, modify or software trials of homemade maps.

navigation system work principle

1. Orientation correction

1. Positioning

Find the location and rely on the synthetic positioning method.The method is to turn the route unit continuously with the quantity and angle.This process includes the accumulation of errors, but these errors are constantly compensated with the position of the digital map (map matching).Due to the GPS satellite positioning system, the vehicle is beyond the short -distance travel of the digital road network or after the shipping or railway transportation, the navigation system can still navigate navigable navigation without any problems.

2. Sensor

In order to find positions, two wheel sensors are often used to determine the changes in the journey and direction, and the absolute direction of traveling travel is determined by the ground magnetic sensor.

In essence, when traveling outside the range of digital maps, the GPS positioning system correction large sensor interference, or determines the revision point of the storage road network.A more modern system requires only a simple travel signal. For example, it often uses speed to determine the volume control of automobile radio.The changes in the direction are determined by a partiality sensor (gyroscope).The geomagnetic sensor is superfluous, and now it can determine the absolute direction of travel through the Doppler effect from the CP signal.

2. Receive destination

1. Name address record

Digital CD map contains name address records.Therefore, the destination can be logged in as an address. All regional catalogs (towns, villages) of all CDs can be used to find the required targets, and list the names of the storage road/street in turn.In order to further find out the destination, it is possible to find the road/street crossroads or street numbers.However, the displayed house number is still very limited, because it is necessary to clarify that the data costs too much.Some drivers rarely know the address of the destination, such as airports, railway stations, service platforms, car parking lots and more places.For this reason, the classification address records the address (POIS) that these people often care about.Use these addresses to log in or even find gas stations near the vehicle.The place where the destination is marked or calls the previously stored address on the map display is further choice.

2. Travel guide

As a reasonable development of POIS, CDS is now available as a travel guide. It is the result of joint cooperation between publishing companies and digital map manufacturers.For example: These CDSs can be used to find hotels near destinations.CDS information also includes the size, price and facilities of POIS.

Third, path calculation

1. Destination selection

It must be able to adapt to the path of the driver's hope.In many systems, optimize configuration with driving time or mileage.Path computing should be noticed at certain homework, such as avoiding highways/car highways, ferry connections and toll sections.Once the destination is determined, the initial calculation of the destination must be completed in half a minute.If the driver breaks away from the recommended path, this requires the system to re -calculate the path, and it is still fast.To select the alternative path, the driver presses the button to bypass the congestion section forward.

2. Dynamic path selection

Driving automatically through the traffic blocking area automatically, you can use RDS-TMC to encode the estimation of traffic information to achieve.This information can be received by RDS or GSM.

Fourth, path guidance

1. Decision of the path

Path guidance is achieved by comparing the current position of the vehicle to the path calculated by the computer.After a comprehensive analysis of the existing sections and the path that will continue to drive, the system can determine whether the driver must change the direction, or continue to follow the current road.

2. Recommend path and direction

Proposal and guidance in paths and directions are the first and first prompts.This allows the driver to run according to the prompt without affecting its operation.If it is possible in the scope (instrument panel) of the Lord, a simple graphic display is installed, and the driver can better grasp the direction.The conciseness of the sound and graphical indicator direction is the decisive factor of the quality of the path guidance.It is not the first choice to determine the driving direction from the display map, because it will disperse the driver's attention.

3. Dynamic path

Transportation blocking is automatically detoured by the traffic information code.This information code is silent in the traffic information channel (RDS-TMC) of the radio data system and is published parallel to the radio program.They have been included in the GSM service.

Five, map display

According to the design of the system, the map can be displayed with color monitors, and the map ratio is between 1: 8000 and 1: 16X10.Observe adjacent or farther routes according to the graphic ratio.The driver's orientation is based on the support of the background information of topography. They show that such as lakes, rivers, ditches, high -rise areas, railways and forests.

Six, road map storage

CD-ROM has become the main media of the storage road map.The storage structure of the data is the proprietary technology (confidential) of the manufacturer and significantly affect the performance of the system.For this reason, the current CDS on the market is a system of different manufacturers and is not compatible with each other.We are trying to standardize navigation CDS.

Due to the development of the digital region, the integrity of the road network and the increasing increase of additional information resources, the capacity of the CD-ROM (seemingly so huge) in the foreseeable future will be consumed.Digital universal CD (DVD), its capacity is much more than CD-ROM, and will definitely become its successor.& gt; & gt; GPS navigator ten brands

1. Can the surfing board be rented?

surfing can cause people to lose trouble and feel the stimulus of Fighting with the waves again and again.This is why many people are looking for the most perfect surfing place every day in the world, just to complete the perfect chase with the waves.The price of surfing boards is not cheap, so many people want to rent a surfing board before trying this sport to see how the experience can be rented?

surfing boards are also available, buying can also be bought. Generally, there are surfing clubs that are suitable for surfing. Just rent one to try. If surfing is used as a hobby, or you can learn a lot of free time, and transportation is also transported, and transportation is also transported.If it is convenient, it is recommended to have a surfboard.

2. How much does it cost to rent a surf board once

The previous article has simply learned that the surfboard can be rented, so how much does the surfing board rent at a time?

When the surfing board is rented, it is usually charged in the unit. It is usually 50 yuan an hour. It does not include teaching. If you need teaching, it is another price.

It should be noted that self -learning surfing is easy to deviate, and it is not necessary, and may even develop some bad habits of bad problems. Therefore, the most effective learning method is to report to the waves.Your method.

1. Wired or wireless on the riding code watch

Wired code table

The wired code watch is mainly used to transmit the sensor signal through the data cable. It is the most commonly used code watch type.

Advantages: The performance is relatively stable, the speed of the speed is more accurate, and it is not easy to be disturbed. As long as a small battery can work, the electricity consumption is very low, and the price is usually cheaper.With luminous effect.

Disadvantages: The installation of a wired code watch is relatively troublesome, and it affects the beauty of the overall car.

Wireless

The wireless code table is actually an external sensor and magnetic head, but it does not need to use the data cable to transmit the model and directly receive the wireless reception.

Advantages: The installation of the wireless code table is relatively simple and convenient, and it does not affect the overall beauty of the car. The sensitivity of the sensor is stronger, and the functional design is more diverse and intelligent.

Disadvantages: Although the high -quality wireless code watch is accurate, the price is relatively high. The general price of the wireless code watch with a general price of less than 100 yuan is inaccurate and the performance is unstable. It will often be disturbed during use.

Through the introduction of the advantages and disadvantages of the bicycle wired code watch and wireless code watch above, you can buy according to your favorite and purchasing focus.

Second, the main point of buying the bicycle gauge

What parts need for cycling code

1. Together: It looks like an electronic timer, with LCD display, keys, metal contacts, etc., is the most important part of the code watch

2. table seats, connecting and sensors: The table seats are usually placed in the car's handle or stand to the head to fix the header.There is a connection on the wired table seat, connecting the seat seat with the sensor installed on the front fork.The wireless code watch has no connection, and the sensor transmits data to the header by transmitting wireless signals.

3. Sensing magnet: The spokes installed on the front wheel, the position is maintained with the sensor installed on the front fork.Essence

4. Poor frequency (non -standard accessory): The mid -to -high -end watch has the function of calculating the frequency, that is, the frequency of the driver's pedal.Common stepping device includes connecting, sensors, and induction magnets. The connection is used to connect to the sensor that connects the table and the triangle installed in the back triangle of the frame (the rear triangle here isPipe), induction magnets are often installed at the crank, the position corresponds to the sensor, and the working principle is the same.

5. Synthetic lighting (non -standard accessories): Installed on the table to illuminate the watch at night.

What are the quality of the Bicycle code table?

1. Accuracy of calculation: Ride information as much as possible.

2. Qualification of workmanship: It will not produce poor contact contact, easy connection to break, and no display on the head.

3. A certain degree of Earthquake resistance: Don't make a strike at a bumps.Of course, the bumps with too strong strength will also overwhelmed many code watches that usually perform well.If you are often engaged in high -intensity off -road, it is recommended to choose a code watch designed for this, and this code table will be mentioned later.

4. A certain degree of waterproof: riding outside, it is inevitable to encounter the situation of rain ride.If the precision electronic products encounter internal water, it will cause the product to fail, and the product will be scrapped.For example, waterproof fabrics have a certain waterproof index, and the code watch should also have a certain waterproof function.However, in the case of heavy rain, no matter how good the code watch you use, it is recommended to take it down and put it in a waterproof bag.

How to buy the Bicycle code watch

1. Select the required display parameters

A Bicycle code watch should at least be able to accurately display three sets of parameters: speed, mileage and time.Single -block surfaces can be obtained through GPS and presented on the screen, and the wireless code table with Bluetooth connection can be installed, which can be more accurate through peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripheral peripherals to measureValue.Select the functions required according to your own needs.

2. Choose the right brand price

The price of a bicycle gauge ranges from tens of yuan to thousands of yuan. The huge price difference makes many novices who have just entered the pit.Don't be too tangled with brand and complicated functions, the cost -effectiveness is the first place.If it is a road idiot, it is recommended to buy a code watch with navigation and map functions.

3. Choose your favorite operation method

bicycle code tables generally have two types: touch screen and keys. You can choose according to your own operating habits. Before buying, you can see if it is a full touch screen, double -key, three -key or four keys?The fewer keys, the simpler, but the response speed and the screen touch are not comparable to smartphones. On the contrary, although the button is effective, it is often too hard to press.The head drops it from the shelf.And once the codes go out at a high speed, I am afraid it will be worth it.

1. What is the difference between professional Riding glasses and Sunglasses

riding is a exercise that exercises, but when riding outdoors, there are often big sun. Many friends will choose to wear Sunglasses. But in fact, this approach is wrong.the difference:

1. Different effects

The main function of Sunglasses is Shading to prevent ultraviolet rays; and on this basis, Riding glasses also have the effect of windproof and sand prevention, which can reduce the chance of conjunctivitis.A good Riding glasses can make you feel uncomfortable when you ride.

2. Different lens

Sunglasses usually use glass or resin as lenses, and Cycling glasses cannot use glass lenses. This is mainly to prevent the glass lens from cracking to the eyes when falling.

3. Compassion differences

The ride glasses are designed to be arc that conforms to air dynamics, can fully fit the face, increase peripheral vision, and provide comprehensive protection to the eyes. Polarized Cycling glasses also have anti -fog, waterproof, anti -glare and other functions; whileThe Sunglasses themselves are not designed for ride. If the speed is accelerated during ride, the comfort will be very low.

4. color difference

The color selection of Cycling glasses is particular, different colors are suitable for different scenes, such as blue suitable for foggy or visible weather, yellow suitable for the evening; although there are many colors of Sunglasses, basically there are basically no special specialtiesPlaces and emphasis on places.

The above is the difference between Riding glasses and Sunglasses. So can ordinary Sunglasses be used as Cycling glasses?

2. Is it okay to use a Sunglasses for Riding glasses?

Can't.

Riding glasses look similar to Sunglasses, and can block ultraviolet rays, but the two cannot be mixed. Riding glasses are functional glasses. Compared with ordinary Sunglasses, the obstruction of ride glasses is better. It also has Sunglasses.It does not have the effect of windproof and sand prevention, and the protection of eye health is more in place. In addition, Riding glasses are also designed for cycling, with higher fit.Time glasses slip.In terms of safety, some Sunglasses use glass lenses. If you fall, it may hurt the human eyes.

In summary, ordinary Sunglasses are not allowed to be used as Cycling glasses. If it is a professional cycling motion, you still need to buy special ride glasses.

1. Why should football shoes bring nails

football shoes are shoes to play football. As a professional sneaker, one of its major features is that there are shoe nails at the bottom. So why do football shoes have shoe nails?

In fact, in the initial football, football shoes have no nails.However, when playing football on rainy days, the ground will become very slippery. Once the player runs, it will become very dangerous, let alone a fierce emergency stop and change for football.The effect is not good, it is almost inevitable.In order to improve the gripping ability of shoes and allow players to play better, the nails were born.In the final analysis, football laces nails are to better help players play football. Now, with more detailed research on the main sneakers, according to different venues, the nails have gradually changed. Generally, it is divided into long nails and broken shattered.nail.

2. Where is the difference between football shoes and long nails

football shoes are a kind of professional shoes. Its particularity is reflected in the nails. According to different venues, there are different nails, such as the broken nails and long nails of football shoes.What is the difference?

1. Different length of the nails

The nails of the shattering football shoes are relatively short, only about 1 cm, and the nails of the long nail football shoes are relatively long.

2. Different characteristics

The advantage of long -nail football shoes is that it can have stronger grip. In playing football, it can make it easier to make the strength.It is helpful for the outbreak of speed and emergency stop. Broken football shoes are a kind of football shoes worn by football players to play or training. It is more comfortable in sports balance. Its nails are relatively short and dense.

3. Different use venues

Long -nail football shoes are suitable for soft grasslands, such as natural grass, long grass and other soft venues, which are easier to force, but in artificial grass, rubber venues, etc., use long nails will be easily injured. At this timeYou need to use shattering football shoes. It is more suitable for training. It usually uses leisure and use to protect everyone's feet and knees.

3. Broken football shoes better or long nail football shoes

Long -nail football shoes and broken nail football shoes are football shoes. Which of them is better?

Generally speaking, the choice of football shoes and shoe nails is selected according to the venue of the football: artificial grassland, suitable for wearing broken nail football shoes. If it is a natural lawn, it is suitable for long nails.Come to choose broken nails or long nails. It can only be said that each advantage and disadvantages are better.