1. How to choose a Swiss military knife

1. Choose the right size

There are many sizes of the Swiss Army knife. The most common is: 58mm, 91mm, 111mm (MM represents millimeters, and numbers indicate the length of the Swiss military knife folding).

The 58mm Swiss Army knife is small and exquisite, which is similar to a large key length. It can be hung on the key chain or placed in a shoulder bag. It is convenient to carry it with you.91mm is more suitable for most people to grasp, the most styles, and there is a lot of room for choice.111mm is suitable for men with large palms. It is very important to grab and hold it, but it is not convenient to carry.

2. Choose suitable features

There are many styles of Swiss Army knife. Different styles have different functions, focusing on highlighting some specific purpose.For example, rescue tools are used to rescue in accidents, and artisans are a micro toolbox.

Before buying the Swiss Army knife, first think about what functions you need, such as in daily life, the main knife, scissors, screwdriver, nails, and bottlers are used more.

Of course, everyone's needs are different.If you need to use a variety of tools in your work, you can buy some functional Swiss military knives, such as: Swiss champion, craftsman, they can become your portable toolbox; if you often drive outside, put a rescue Tool in the car, put on a rescue Tool in the carIt is necessary to need it from time to time; if it is an office worker, you can choose simple and small functions, such as models and signature pens, which are convenient to carry and solve some small troubles.

If you do nt know what your needs are, you can consider buying a Swiss Army knife with moderate functions, such as: campers, explorers, hunters, repairing craftsmen, they can meet the needs of daily life, or they can directly let the store recommend a few more to recommend a few times.See, see which one is appropriate.

2. Swiss knife authenticity method of identification

1. Look at the appearance.The authentic Swiss Multifunctional knife is beautiful and elegant, and the color is very innocent and bright.If the appearance is dim and the color is not pure, it is likely to be a inferior or imitation Multifunctional knife.

2. Look at the workmanship.The authentic Multifunctional knife is delicate and delicate, from the handle to the knife body, including the connection is very strong.Even the classic "" logo must be very strong, inlaid instead of sticking.

3. Look at the material.The authentic Multifunctional knife is made of excellent stainless steel. The knife will sparkle under the light of light, so most of the multi -function knives that are not stainless steel are fake.

4. Look at the price.Generally, the price of authentic Swiss knives is more than 200 yuan, and more than 30 functions of more than 30 functions.Therefore, the Multifunctional knife below 150 yuan is rarely authentic, and about 100 yuan is fakes.Therefore, if you want to have an authentic Multifunctional knife, you must spend money, otherwise you will just buy a copy.

5. Look at the logo of a multi -function knife.The bottom of the main knife of the authentic Victorinox Multifunctional knife will write such an English logo: VictorinoxswitzerlandStainlessrostfre, but some models do not bring the final "Rostfre (German: Stainless Steel)", and the authentic Multifunctional knife has the classic logo "" "" ""Number.

6. Select the right shopping mall or agent to buy.If you want to buy authentic multifunctional knives, you must go to a regular large shopping mall, or find a qualified Multifunctional knife agent, and ask for an invoice.

7. Ask if there is a good after -sales service.When buying a multi -function, be sure to ask how after -sales service is so convenient for later maintenance and maintenance.The seller is required to explain the time of warranty and maintenance.

8. Choose a suitable Multifunctional knife according to your own use.According to the length of the Multifunctional knife, it can be divided into three models: small, medium and large models. Small ones can be carried as a Keychain with about 5 cm. It is suitable for children to use;Use; large ones are about 11 cm, suitable for men with larger palms, suitable for use in wild adventure.You can also choose according to the Swiss military knife function.

1. Can a Picnic car be folded?

spring Camping is a great Outdoor activity. It can keep you away from the hustle and bustle of the city and enjoy the beauty and freedom of nature.However, Camping needs to prepare a lot of items. These items must not only be easy to carry, but also use it easily.The Picnic car is a very practical Tool.Can Picnic cars be folded?

Wilderfill is a Tool that can be folded, lightweight, and easy to carry. It can provide effective assistance for you during Camping.This type of cart is usually made of aluminum alloy or steel, which is very strong and durable.At the same time, they are also equipped with large tires that can drive on various terrain.

two,Picnic carHow to fold

I have briefly learned that the Picnic car can be folded, and then let's take a look at how the Picnic car is folded!

The folding of the Picnic car is very simple. When you pull up the titan, you can fold it. After folding, put it on the dust bag, and the buckle is tightly inserted.

Third, Picnic car disassembly tutorial

1. Unlock the Japanese characters on the four sides of the car.

2. Unlock the magic stickers that fit the car's and the frame.

3. Unlock Tirara.

The above is the introduction of the content of the Picnic car and how to fold the Picnic car. I hope to help you. There are many related information on the homepage. Welcome to view it.

[Multi -functional knife material] What are the materials for multi -functional knife materials for multi -function knives?

The blade steel is best for high -carbon stainless steel. Although high -carbon steel is the best in terms of hardness and toughness, considering the maintenance problem of the knife, high -carbon stainless steel is undoubtedly elected.The product is good or not, first depends on what it uses.From the beginning, it was produced with the best materials. In practical applications, it brought the most exciting performance and the highest level of success to the product.Therefore, most of the high -quality knives in the world today choose high -carbon stainless steel.

Common steel number is

420

420Steel carbon content is lower than0.35, After the heat treatment, the hardness obtained onlyhrc52 ~ 55And damage resistance is not outstanding.Because it is easier to cut and polish, it is suitable for factory -made tools for large -scale production.420Steel is also very resistant to rust resistance due to the low carbon content, so it is also an ideal steel for the production of diving tools.

440 A -440 B -440C

Carbon content and hardnessA-B-CIncreased by (A-0.75%,,B-0.9%,,C-1.2%To.The rust resistance of these three steels is good,440ABest, and440CCompared with the lowest.440CIt is very common.If your knife label has "440", Then it is likely to be compared440ACheap; if manufacturers are more expensive440CThey will be willing to propagate this.Universal feeling440AIt is just right for daily use, especially after high -quality thermal treatment440AAs well as440BMore strong, and440CIt is a very good high -end stainless steel, which has high chromium content16-18%EssenceIt was originally used in the surgery knife and Ship industry, and is now more widely used in hand -made knives and high -quality factory -made tools.Carbon content

1%, After the heat treatment, the hard degree can be achievedhrc56-58Essence

425m -12C27

These two steels are similar.12C27It's Nordic Steel FactorysandvikCompany product,12C27Stainless steelsandvikOne of the excellent steels, it can be reached after heat treatmenthrc56 ~ 58The hardness of the Nordic knife FactorysandvikMade in steel.425Myes420CImprovement (modify) Variety, named name is425M, increase the carbon content to the contract0.55%And add1%Molybdenum can reach the ideal hardness after heat treatment (hrc58), But retained420The fine processing of steel, so it should be applied to mass -produced tools.

AUS-6 / AUS-8 / AUS-10 (AKA 6A 8A 10A)

Japanese stainless steel, roughly440A (AUS-6,Carbon -containing0.65%)As well as440B (AUS-8,Carbon -containing0.75%)As well as440C (AUS-10,Carbon -containing1.1%)resemblance.CSThermal treatment method makesAUS-8The polishing is not as good asATS-34, But it also makes it softer or more tough.AUS-10The carbon content is similar to440C, But decreased chromium content, so rust resistance has also decreased accordingly, but it has also enhanced toughness.These three steels

Joined (This is440If the series is not), the anti -wear ability is increased.

Gin-1(AKA G-2.

A good stainless steel, which has a slightly low carbon content, a slightly high chromium content, and molybdenum content ratioATS-34Low.

ATS-34/154-CM

The hottest high -end stainless steel is currently.

ATS-34Japanese steel, most of the materials used by handmade knives, are also high -grade stainless steel materials selected by famous brand manufacturers.ATS-34It also belongs to high -carbon steel, and its hardness can be available59-61HRCSome people think that it is one of the best blade steel and top high -quality stainless steel.In addition, the United States154cmSteelATS-34Equal.

Showded by chemical ingredients,ATS-34It is a high -quality stainless steel with high carbon, high chromium, high molybdenum, and low impurities.This steel has high hardness and toughness, can keep the edges not easy to crack, and maintain the sharpness of the blade.AST-34At the same time, it also has excellent corrosion resistance to keep it well in various environment.

ATS-55

andATS-34Very similar, but remove molybdenum and add other elements.But it looks like it is retainedATS-34Excellent polishing.Molybdenum is an expensive and useful element in the production of high -speed steel, and the blade does not need to use high -speed steel. Therefore, removing molybdenum can greatly reduce the cost of steel, and still maintainATS-34Features.

BG-42

High -quality stainless steel, carbon content1.15%, The content of the tadpoles is high1.20%; Steel tissue particles are fine, and the hardness can be achieved after heat treatmenthrc60 ~ 61, Have excellent processability, strong corrosion resistance, and good toughness.BG-42It was originally used in the aerospace industry. As a material for manufacturing pulley and axis, due to the high price, the knife -making industry was mostly used in the knife -made tools of the knifemith.

CPM T440V -CPM T420V

Two kinds of highly polished steel, but it is difficult to put polish to the first one to consider.Both of these steels contain high amounts of .It is a bit difficult to turn this steel with sharpness.420VyesCPM 440VThe variant, the chromium content is low, and the amount of pyrophology is doubled, the anti -abrasion capacity is higher, or the comparison440VThe toughness is also higher.

Second, the performance of the knife is not only determined by steel, and the shape of the blade is also very important. Imagine that it uses a razor to split firewood or scrape the beard with a jungle knife.The inappropriate blade shape makes the work half the effort.

Perhaps the most important thing is heat treatment.Poor steel may also produce better blades after good heat treatment.The poor or poor thermal treatment may cause good steel to lose some of its inherent characteristics, or cause hard steel to become crispy.The most unfortunate is: the three most important features of the Tool (the shape of the blade, the type of steel, the heat treatment) of the Tool cannot be identified with the eyes.

Put in the first two aspects.

Third, a high -quality knife lies in its handle, and the handle material can also be divided into two categories. One is a metal handle, and the other is natural or artificial materials.The metal handle is sturdy and durable. The commonly used is steel, aluminum, titanium, etc.

aluminum (aluminum): Aluminum is a non -iron metal, which is used on the handle and has the characteristics of light and solid.The most commonly used isT6-6061The type of aluminum can be treated with heat.The most common surface treatment of aluminum is anode surface treatment.

Titanium (titaniumtitanium): The most commonly used is6AL/4VTitanium alloy:6%Aluminum,4%, and90%Pure titanium.The weight is very light and has better corrosion resistance than any metal material.The feel is mild and can be treated with anode surface or pearly.In addition to the handle, because of its good elasticity, titanium is also used as a line lock material for folding knife.

Natural handles are usually hardwood, leather, antlers, teeth, and bones.

Hardwood: It is mainly ebony, rosewood, rosewood, chicken wings, peach blossom heartwood, etc. It has the characteristics of hard wood and beautiful patterns. It is a good natural handle.

Antlers (stag): The antlers look at the light in the fire, there will be a faint glow.It is a very elegant handle material.

Bone (Bone): Usually the legs of large animals, such as beef bones, have a good texture after processing and polishing.Bone materials can be dyed into glorious and bright colors (such as green, blue, black, etc.), and are also a very common handle material.

Artificial materials are:

military rope, fiber nylon rope (commonly known as parachute rope): The parachute rope is wrapped around the handle of the integrated structure of the blade with a special design method. Even when it is wet or stained with viscous substances, it can maintain a stable grasp.Moreover, in danger, it can also provide users with a sufficient length of strong parachute rope for later use.The handle below the tangled rope is carefully designed and polished, and even if the tangled rope is removed, it is very comfortable to hold.This kind of entanglement and handle have been adopted for about ten years, and suddenly loosen when it has never occurred.And the rope is made of full synthetic material, that is, the salt water or blood permeability will not break.There are many functions of the rope handle. Grasping stable and long -lasting is the first choice for survival in the wild.

Epoxy resin/ /Weaving glass synthetic materialsFR-4: glass and ring oxidation compounds have high mechanical strength, good insulation and anti -humidity, and can remain unchanged at high temperatures.FR-4It is a kind of fire -resistant insulation substance, which is usually embedded in other materials, as the thermal insulation layer, and can increase the strength and deductible.Among the military aircraft, high -strength pipes made of this material are loaded with pusher fuel supporting ejection chairs.This handle is more durable and will not be damaged in many burning agents and gasoline, blood, solvents and acids.Because it is not a metal and has electrical insulation, it can protect the user from the electric shock damage from the handle.Therefore, for those corrosive environments, the good durability of this handle is the best choice.

carbon fiber (carbon fiber (carbon fiber): Made of carbonized fiber treated with epoxy coating and graphite compression.The advantage is that the weight of the weight is light and the strong resistance is high. Among all low -density artificial synthetic handle materials, carbon fiber may be the strongest.Its reflection caused by carbon is very eye -catching, and its appearance is very future.carbon fiber is also a highly processed material, so it is generally used in high -end products.

G-10: A glass synthetic substance filled with epoxy, fiber fiberEIt is weaved, has abnormal high strength and anti -abrasion capacity, and is very light weight. It is generally used in high -end folding knives and straight handle knives.Usually black.

Caferal (Kevlar): Also known as fiberBEssenceIt is a kind of synthetic fiber, high hardness, high resistance to tension, light weight, and good abrasion energy.

Clarito (kraton): A black thermoplastic rubber polymer, which is used to inlaid the hand to improve the toughness.Cold SteelIt is often used in a straight handle.

Rubber paper (Micarta): Another universal handle material.It is a linen or paper fabric, structure andG-10Very similar.EssenceThe advantage is that the weight is light and durable.There is no texture on the surface, the touch is very Smooth, and the appearance is pleasant.It is necessary to make a handle after hand -processed. It is a relatively soft material. If it is accidentally used, it will be scratched or scratched.Usually used on high -end tools.

zytel: A widely used handle material, because of itdu pontinvention.It is a kind of glass fiber and Kafera (fiberB) Thermoplastic.Among all synthetic materials, it is the cheapest, so it is adopted by various tools and tools.It has high resistance and abrasion capabilities that claim to be indescribable, but many people complain aboutzytelIt will deform after a long timezytelThere are fine lines on the surface, but usually the manufacturer uses it as a handle to add a more rough surface to increase these patterns.

When buying a knife, the applicable environment of the handle should be considered. If in a cold area, the metal handle should not be selected, and a knife with a wooden handle and the leather handle should not be selected in a large area of water.

Fourth, the appearance of the knife is best to simplify. In addition to the text patterns of the knife brand, age, type, author and other text patterns, the less decoration without actual function, because a beautifully decorated knife cannot stand with it. The wild activities are bumpy, and an inferior knife can only be reminiscent of its poor quality.

If it is a folding knife, it is best to use the simpler and stronger lock, the more complicated the lock, the easier it is to have problems.

In the last point, it mainly develops good maintenance habits. After use, you must wipe the knife cleanly, because even stainless steel, it does not mean that it will not rust. It means that this steel oxidation rust is slower than ordinary steel. The stuff left above, especially corrosive things, will greatly accelerate the rust of the knife.

Introduction to Tool producer

AitorThe famous Spanish multi -purpose jungle knife

almarBeauty borrowed Chinese swordsman Malayson, high quality

benchmadeButterfly-Multi -US police sector adopted military police folding knives

Boker-German folding knife, straight knife

buck-forwardM9Burst official designated producer

Busse Combat-Production of strong durable jungle knife

Camillus -1876The U.S. military knife Factory, which started manufacturing and production in the year

chris Reeve- High -quality military knife

Cold Steel-The famous American hunting knife, bucket knife, and folding knife production plant

emerson- Famous Fighting folding knife manufacturer

Firestone-Famous American Tiger Headset Factory

FISKARS-Nordic knife Factory

Gerber-Big knife Factory in the United StatesFiskarsThe acquisition, the variety is relatively complete, including folding knives, straight knives, military knives, multi -Tool knives, etc.

hanwei -----The best blade factory in China, recognized by the international knife industry, classical swords are the most famous

ka-barThe U.S. Marine Corps used the military knife and Fighting knife during the Han and Vietnam War

Keershaw ---Sword factory with good quality

Leatherman ToolProfessional factory for production of multi -use combination Tool knives

masters of defenseFamous Fighting folding knife manufacturer

MicrotechThe famous American Fighting knife manufacturer, the US special forces adopt a military knife

missionAmerican SEAN designated one of the titanium knives

OntarioThe United States has a long history of knife factory, which specializes in the production of sea, land and air swords

RichartzThe German knife Factory, which has a history of more than 100 years, specializes in high -quality universal knife

SOGDiversified knife factory, including straight knives, folding knives, Tool pliersElastic

spydercomilitary Police

Strider KnivesSEAC special combat knife, most of the parachute rope handle

timberlineAmerican SEAN designated one of the titanium knives

uniteddesign and production of more than 500 products, the famous design has Lan Bao DaoRambo I, II, III,Treasure Bingqiin

VictorinoXSwitzerlandMultifunctional knife

wenger"Weigo" SwitzerlandMultifunctional knife

Affiliated:

Rockwell Hardness (Rockwell Hardness): For short, the hardness of Lowl, a method for measuring steel hardness. The method is to use diamond crystals to pressure steel.Usually the blade hardness of a good knife should be in Lockewell's hardness55S-62Sabout.The higher the hardness, the higher the anti -wear ability, but the greater the brittleness.Non -steel alloys, tungsten chromium cobalt alloys, etc.40S, But their anti -wear ability is also very high.

Kedicks (kydex): A very common scabbard material.The compound of acrylic and polyvinyl chloride can be cast or shaped.The advantages are high hardness, high strength, light weight, and anti -chemical corrosion.Essence

Cordarura (cordura): Very common scabbard material.A high tough nylon fiber, its advantage is that it is light, anti -abrasion, and durable.

Blade surface treatment method

Anode electroplating treatment (any): A chemical electroplating surface coverage treatment method can change the appearance of the product and improve the surface color and texture structure.The most common is the surface treatment of titanium and aluminum anode plating.With different voltages, different colors can be generated (high voltage=Deep color, low voltage=Light color).

Pearl treatment (bead blasting): The surface treatment methods for steel, titanium and aluminum are often used in tactical folding knives and straight handle knives. It is characterized by the surface of the knife100%The dullness, completely eliminating reflection.

Black oxidation treatment (black oxide): The surface coating treatment method generally used by a military Tool, because it can eliminate reflection.

Black titanium-Carbon treatment (BLACK-TI): A kind of coating on the surface3Micro -thick titanium-The surface treatment method of black coating of carbon substances can resist corrosion.

BT2ThebenchmadePatented black special fluorine coating method.according tobenchmadeIt is said that it has increased the standards for stainless steel's corrosion resistance.40Times.At the same time, Telomon also improved the cutting ability of the knife.

Back lock (lockback): This style of locks have a springs load lock grid. The top of the lock grid has teeth. When it falls, the stuck is stuck into the slot of the knife -blade core, and the spring is tightly pressed.There is a prominent place on the back of the handle to loosen the lock.This lock usually requires two hands to open and close.

Thread lock (locking line): This very special locking system is a knife craftsmanMichael WalkerThe invention is named because its locking device is integrated with the shining of the handle.The principle of the thread lock is: when the folding knife is turned on, the shining metal sheet will be bent, and the end of the blade is locked in the side of the handle. Lock it in this open state, and use your hand to open this lining. The line releases the blade so that it can be discounted inward and closed the blade.The separated lock allows the user to open the folding knife with a thumb of one hand, but the excess movement and time are saved, so it is commonly used in tactical folding knives, tools and handmade knives.

Carbon alloy steel:

This type of steel is commonly used for forging steel,,It belongs to non -stainless steel.In fact, stainless steel can also be forged,,But it is very difficult.In addition, the same carbon steel can be used to obtain a very hard blade end and tenacious and elastic back end through segmented smelting methods, and stainless steel cannot smell like this.Of course, to varying degrees, carbon steel is easier to rust than stainless steel, and it is more risk than using stainless steel. However, as long as the thermal treatment method is correct, all the steels mentioned below are quite good.

existAISIIn the steel naming system,10xxIt is carbon steel, and the others are alloy steel, for example,50XXThe series is chromium steel.existSAEIn the naming system, the character label((For example, W-2, A-2)It is Tool steel.AlsoASMThe naming system, but it is rarely mentioned in the Tool industry, so we can ignore it here.The last number usually in the steel name is the carbon content of this kind of steel, such as1095Sum up0.95%Carbon,52100Sum up1.0%Carbon, and5160Involved0.60%Carbon.

O-1:Belled oil hard grade(Oil-Hardening Types)Tool steel, and the best performance.0-1Steel is a simple and basic Tool steel, and it is also an excellent steel that is widely used. The blade made with it can be fully used for daily use, and the heat treatment is easy.Its high manganese accompanied by chromium and tungsten can increase hardening energy,,Make steel without severe water quenching((Aversion to oil quenchCureIt can also be hardened to high hardness(HRC62)level.O-1Strong processing performance of steel,,It is used as a blade material to process a very tough and deeply polished blade, but the corrosion resistance is weak and easy to rust.Applicable to a large number of usual uses and pursuing affordable knivers.0-1The blade is very powerful, in general0-1Can be polished well.This kind of oil -quenching Tool steel is similar to1095steel.randallknifeMAD DogUse0-1Essence

0-6:Second to second0-1Steel that is easy to heat up, but it is extremely difficult to polish.The perfect crystal structure and hard stone grinding particles form this super tough and wear -resistant steel.0-6The blade of the blade must be treated with high temperature crushing and fine polishing, and the price of high temperature crushing treatment is quite reasonable.0-6The embryo has a strange approximity of orange -red luster, which is very tough. This is more significant when polishing. The blade made with it is surprisingly good.

10-series(1095,,1084,,1070,,1060,,1050,etc),:The most significant feature of this kind of steel is tough. In the Tool industry,1095It is used most widely.10-Series steel, press1095-1050Sorting, the amount of carbon content from high to low, the degree of polishing can be achieved from high to low, but the toughness is from low to high.Similarly, press1060-1050Sorting is usually adapted to the sword -making industry.For the knife, it is used as a blade,1050Barely available,1060good,1084better,1095It's excellent.1095It is a very "standard" carbon steel material with excellent performance and not expensive costs. It has proper toughness and polishing.This is a relatively simple steel, which is easy to rust. It contains only two alloy components:0.95%Carbon and carbon0.4%Manganese.ka-barSeries andTOPSSeries are usually used1095And black coating.

carbonv: COLDSTEELThe company's patented steel, a high -grade carbon alloy steel steel, is a masterpiece of metallurgical and experimental science. It is also a pure carbon alloy steel.The alloy element increases the toughness and persistence of this steel, and then rolled the best crystallization according to strict rules, so that the blade can make full use of the crystal direction of the steel to make the blade become outstanding.Each knife has the same excellent quality, even better than expensive handmade knives.carbonVyesColDsteel(Cold Steel Company) The dedicated term, it does not necessarily refer to some special steel, to be precise, it refers toColDsteelAny kind of steel used means that they continue to use different steels to make tools.carbonVingredients andO-1Very similar, the performance is roughly in1095Series andO-1Between series, rust resistance andO-1almost.I have heard people say carbonVthat isO-1or1095Now that they are of course different.Many people in the industry insist that it is0170-6And some people say it is50100-B,actually50100-Band0170-6It is the same steel (see below).This is today's carbonVThe situation.

0170-6(50100-B.BesidesThe same steel has a different name:0170-6It is the name of the steel refining industry, and50100-ByesAISIName.This is a very good chromium-Steel steel, a bit elephantO-1, But than0-1Cheap.DiedblackjackUsedO170-6Make some knives.carbonVMight be0170-6Essence50100Basically52100, But chromium content only52100of1/3Essenceand50100-BMediumBIt means that this kind of steel is added, it is chromium-.

5160:A very common high -end steel, it is in1060Based on more1%The chromium to increase hardness has a good degree of polishing, but it is more well -known is the outstanding toughness (likeL-6Same).This is a very good steel for long sword. If it is a long -blade sword, it is best to control the hardnessHRC50; If used as a work knife, process it to60HRCIt's okay.use5160The blade of the knife and blade made is very good, which is usually used to make swords (hardness is lower thanHRC50) And the use of strong knife (maximum hardness is greater thanHRC60To.

52100:A kind of drum bearing steel is generally not easy to find the proper embryo, but it has a very good blade and toughness.52100Handle5160Re -process, add more alloy ingredients and carbon(52100Sum up1%Carbon, and5160contain0.60%carbonCure, To achieve higher hardness.and5160The same, it also has bright yellow metallic luster.Compare5160Good polishing, but not as good as5160Toughness.It is often used to make huntering knives and other polishing requirements.5160Such a high knife.

A-2:A high tough wear -resistant Tool steel, which is wind and hard steel(Air-Hardeningsteel), High carbon content, contract1%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc57, Chromium content is about5%After being polished, the surface of the steel is darker.It is resistant to corrosion, strong ductility, and has a good ability to resist the fire and deformation.0-1It's even more difficult, but it is not very extreme.Because of the steel5%Because of chromium, the sawing process is more difficult.A-2It is a very special steel, which has a strong anti -abrasion ability, and is famous for its good toughness and polishing.Because it is a compressed steel, it cannot be expected to smell in segments, and the protruding toughness makes it often the first choice for production of combat knives.Other typesA-Series of steel are very suitable for blade.chrisreeveandPhilhartsfieldAll adoptA-2,andblackjackSeveral knives are also usedA-2Essence

d-2:High -carbon high -chromium Tool steel, which is wind and hard steel(Air-Hardeningsteel)Outstanding knife -making steel, which is widely used for making cutting knives or hunting knives, is also often used as cutting steel.With nearly perfect anti -abrasion capacity, even if the steel is completely annealing, this anti -wear ability can still be retained.Its carbon content is high1.5%, The chromium content is also high11.5%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedHRC60, But relative to the earth court is weak,D-2Inferring temperature ratioA-2It should be high and cannot get a real mirror polishing surface. It has a disadvantage that if it is to do high -gloss surface treatment, its surface will appear orange peeling.D-2Sometimes it is called "semi -stainless steel", but it does not reach the level of stainless steel. It is better than the carbon steel mentioned above, and it also has excellent polishing.bobdozierUseD-2Essence

L-6:Belled oil hard grade(Oil-HardeningTypes)Tool steel is a steel used for sawing pieces. It is most commonly used on the logging tools. In addition, it is generally difficult to see it elsewhere.The hardness can be achieved after thermal treatmenthrc57This kind of blade is suitable for most of the cutting purposes, especially the rolled blade is particularly applicable.It is characterized by good toughness and polishing, but it is easy to rust. This is a common problem of simple carbon steel.L-7It is similar to it, but the carbon content is higher.and0-1Same,L-6It is the favorite of forging workers.If you do not care about costs, this is one of the best choices for knives, especially knives with high toughness.

m-2:A high -speed steel can withstand high temperatures, so it is used in cutting work at high temperature. If it is used to make a knife, it is challenging, but the surface treatment of the blade can be completed before annealing.M-2PossiblyD-2The blade is better, but it is more crispy, so it is not suitable for large tools.It can achieve a very excellent polishing, and the toughness is of course not as good as those steel that is famous for its toughness, but it is better than stainless steel, and the polishing is better than stainless steel.benchmadeexistAFCKBegan to use in the seriesM-2Essence

W-2:High -carbon Tool steel is diedWType for water hard steel(Water-Hardeningsteel)The lowest price in Tool steel.W-2Steel through heat treatment can reach the highest hardness(HRC65), And it is easy to hardening, so that the neighboring parts are hard -resistant and easy to process. Therefore, the processingability is extremely excellent, so it has a wide range of uses.butW-2The corrosion resistance is very poor, so the surface of the steel is mostly protected by coating.This kind of steel contains0.2%The cricket, so it can be used to process the blades that are quite tough and polished.In addition, most of the swords are usedW-1(W-2Very similar steel, justW-1No).

Vascowear:It is a very expensive and difficult to find high -lying steel. It is very difficult to process, but the abrasion is surprisingly good.Not used for product -based Tool production.

"Stainless Steel" steel:

First of all, please remember that there is no real stainless steel. If it is not maintained, all steel will rust.But the following steels contain higher than13%Chromium, so it has rust resistance that is much higher than the steel mentioned above.What I want to point out is that there are no consistent standards to stipulate how much chromium it is needed for steel to be considered stainless steel.In the Tool industry, the actual regulations are13%,butASMMetal manual "greater than"10%"And some other books are different. In addition, the content of other alloy elements has a great impact on the requirements of chromium content. If the alloy is used properly, even if the chromium content is low, the" stainless steel "quality can be achieved.

420j:Compare440The low carbon content of the series(& lt; 0.5%), Very soft, not polished, only the hardness after menstrual heat treatment is onlyhrc52-55The performance of various aspects such as damage resistance is not outstanding.Because it is easier to cut and polish, it is suitable for large -scale production factories, and it is also used to produce low -cost knives.420JDue to the low carbon content, the corrosion resistance is very resistant to corrosion, so it is also an ideal steel for the production of diving tools.But it is too soft and cannot be used for daily practical knives.

425m: 420The improved variety of steels, named425M, increase the carbon content to the contract0.55%And add1%Molybdenum treatment can be achieved after heat treatment(HRC58), But retained420The fine processing of steel, so it should be applied to factory -made tools.USAbuckandGerberTwo big knife factories are already in90Chose425MAs its body material.

440A,,440B,,440C:Carbon content and hardnessA-B-CIncreased by (A-0.75%,,B-0.9%,,C-1.2%To.The rust resistance of these three steels is good,440ABest, and440CCompared with the lowest.sogseal2000Use440A,,randalluse440BCome to produce their stainless steel knife.Universal feeling440AIt is just right for daily use, especially after high -quality thermal treatment440A(SOGof440AThe hot treatment is well received, I don't know who they invite to do this),440BMore strong, and440CIt is the best.440CIt is very common. It is high -quality stainless steel currently used in the high -end knives market. Its strength and sharpness are more thanATS-34, Have high chromium content16-18%, It may be the second most commonly used stainless steel (second to theATS-34), Also the earliest stainless steel accepted by the knife craftsman, and it has always been very popular, especially after the processing process below zero is developed, this treatment has strengthened the toughness of the steel.When polishing, its disadvantage is that it has a large stickiness and a fast temperature, but it is easier to polish than any carbon steel, and it is much easier to cut with a hand saw.440CThe temperature of the annealing temperature is very low, and the hardness usually reacheshrc56-58The corrosion resistance and toughness are strong, and it is now widely used in hand -made knives and high -quality factory -made tools.If you are well maintained, the blade of this material is very good and durable.

AUS-6,,AUS-8,,AUS-10 (AKA6A,,8A,,10A):Japanese stainless steel, roughly440A (AUS-6Carbon -containing0.65%)As well as440B (AUS-8Carbon -containing0.75%)As well as440C (AUS-10Carbon -containing1.1%)resemblance.AUS-6Used to makealmanThe knife;ColDsteeluseAUS-8, So that this steel is very common,AUS-8It is a high -carbon and low -chromium stainless steel. After a long time, it proves that it has excellent folding characteristics. It is hard and tough. It is not easy to rust and maintains sharp and long -lasting.High -quality knife in Japan.ColDsteelThermal treatment method makesAUS-8The polishing is not as good asATS-34, But it also makes it softer or more tough.AUS-10The carbon content is similar to440C, But decreased chromium content, so rust resistance has also decreased accordingly, but it has also enhanced toughness.These three steels have been added (this is440If the series is not), the anti -wear ability is increased.

154-cm:U.S. high -quality stainless steel, one of the hottest high -end stainless steels.Carbon content1.05%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc60-61Essence154-cmIt is the original American version, the chromium content is reached15%, Molybdenum content4%Therefore, it is determined to be named154cmEssenceCorrosion resistance, blade resistance and toughness are strong, but the price is high.A master of generations of modern hand knifeR.W.LoverlessThe first adopted.Although it has no processing and polishing440CEasy, but154cmThe finished product is better than hardness and toughness440CThere are obvious advantages.154cmThe naming does not meet the naming rules, but the product name of the manufacturer.

ATS-34:Japan's "Hitachi Metal Industry" is targeted at the US system154cmAnd developed high -quality stainless steel, materials and ingredients and ingredients154cmSimilar, and the performance of all aspects has reached154cmThe standard, but the price is low.ATS-34It is a kind of expensive stainless steel for hand -made knives and high -end mass -producing knives, which has now become the mainstream of hand -made and high -quality factory -made tools.ATS-34It also belongs to high -carbon steel, and its hardness can be availablehrc59-61, The polishing is very good, even if the hardness is so high, it still has enough toughness, and the rust resistance is not as good as440The series is one of the best blade steel at present.

ATS-55:Japan's "Hitachi Metal Industry" successorATS-34High -quality steel developed laterATS-34Very similar, but remove molybdenum and add other elements.At present, I don't know much about this kind of steel, but it seems to have reservedATS-34Excellent polishing and increased toughness.Molybdenum is an expensive and useful element in the production of high -speed steel, and the blade does not need to use high -speed steel.ATS-34Features.Overall,ATS-55The performance is slightly inferior toATS-34, But thanG-2excellent.spydercoUse this steel.

Three beautifulIII(sanmaiiii.: colortellA very expensive, high -quality Japanese thin laminar pressure steel produced by the company.Taking the hard high -carbon stainless steel is sandwiched in the middle as the core of the blade, the upper and lower layers of toughness and elastic stainless steel are added to assist the enhancement. The final finished product has the characteristics of two material steel.ToughAUS8ASturdy25%EssenceThree beautifulIIIThe characteristics are the line vortex lines at the blade, all over the edge of the entire blade, formed by the exposure of each steel layer when polishing.The length of each knife is different, because each piece of three beautyIIIThey are unique.elephantAUS8ALike stainless steel, SanmeiIIIThe heat treatment of the melting furnace and the low temperature quenching process below zero -zero -temperature quenching process, improve the micro -structure of steel and remove impurities.The final finished blade has better elasticity and maintenance than ordinary stainless steel blade.

bg-42:Extremely high -quality stainless steel, carbon content1.15%, The content of the tadpoles is high1.2%Therefore, the steel tissue has a fine particles, and the hardness can be reached after heat treatmenthrc60-61, Great processability, strong corrosion resistance, and good toughness.BG-42It was originally used in the space industry, as a manufacturing pulley and a shaft, etc.

Materials, so the price is quite high.boblowelessRecently claimed that he was fromATS-34Turning to this steel, this is a sign,BG-42To some extentATS-34Similar, and there are two biggest differences: BG-42Twice as muchATS-34The manganese content, and1.2%content(ATS-34CureSo it can be seen that it is betterATS-34The degree of polishing is better.chrisreevesProducesebenzasFrom time to timeATS-34TurnBG-42Essence

Cowryx (RT-6):Japan "Datong Special Steel((StrainCure"At1993The annual development of the super powder series alloy steel is a new breakthrough in modern Japanese metallurgical technology. It has been applied to large -scale cutting tools by Japanese knivers.3%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc67Essence

Cowryy (CP-4):Japan "Datong Special Steel((StrainCure"At1993The annual development of high -quality powder series alloy steel, carbon content1.2%, It's rare to mix the metal element ""0.2%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc63However, it still maintains excellent ductility.

CPM440V: CPM (CrucibleParticleMetallurge)Powder is steel, the United StatesCrucibleThe new generation of blade steel developed by the raw material company, the factory once claimedCPM440VFor super steel(Supercustomknifesteelofthe90's)It is durable than all stainless steel in the market, but it is too hard and difficult to polish (therefore it has unprecedented blade maintenance), but in turn, it does not need to polish frequently.AlthoughCPM440VThe carbon content is more traditional440CIt is nearly doubled, but the hardness after heat treatment is onlyhrc57-58, All because of the influence of other elements5%,17%ChromiumCureEssenceThe real outstanding thing is that they retain the two aspects of the tolerance and ductility of the blade.CPM440VThe price is very high, so it is mostly used in hand system((Swordsmith handCureknife.

CPM420V:USACrucibleRaw material company Yu1996Develop again every yearCPM440VHigher -levelCPMSteel, it is better thanCPM440VIt has nearly double the content of tadpoles and molybdenum, so it can maintain better blade resistance and erosion resistance((CompareCPM440Vexcellent25-50%)Maybe440VThe toughness is also higher.The hardness after the heat treatment and heat treatmentCPM440Vequal.CPM420VThe price is expensive.

Gin-1(akag-2.BesidesHigh -quality steel, performance and8ASimilar, but hardness ratio8ASlightly soft(HRC57-58), The price is low.A good stainless steel, which has a slightly low carbon content, a slightly high chromium content, and molybdenum content ratioATS-34Low, is a low -cost steel, often is often quiltspydercoSelected.

ZDP-189:Japan's "Hitachi Metal Industry"1996The newly developed new powder steel, its research and development goals and "Datong Special Steel((StrainCure"ofcowryxSteel is in the same vein, and is a super -hard alloy steel with excellent processing performance.ZDP-189Carbon content3%, The chromium content is also high20%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc67, The processing performance is extremely good, the metal tissue particles ratio ratioATS-34and440-CMore uniform and dense, the corrosion resistance and toughness are good, so "Hitachi" claims to outsideZDP-189"twenty oneCentury Blade Steel ".

VG10:"Martial Steel Made Steel" developed by Japan "Vgold10"Stainless steel,"VThe highest level in the "Gold" series of steel, the carbon content contract1%Molybdenum1.2%Cobalt1.5%, After the heat treatment, the hardness can be achievedhrc60-62EssenceVG-10The most significant feature is that it can create a very, very sharp blade, and a perfect blade.It has excellent processing performance, strong toughness and corrosion resistance, soVG-10The blade of the blade is much better than the knife that is commonly used in stainless steel, and it is mostly used and high -quality tools.FallknivenMost of the products are used in products.

Damascus (Damascus (damascus.TheIt is a widely manufactured steel, so it is almost impossible to define it accurately, but one thing is unquestionable: it is more popular than collectors than any other type of steel.The Damascus made by each blacksmith is slightly different, and the number of layers is very different. From the simplest three layers to hundreds of layers, even some people use each hit.40The pressure of the ton will300Steel foil stamped into Damascus.No matter what kind of Damascus is very beautiful.

Detailed explanation of the parameters of the bilateral Telescope purchase method is to answer what kind of good binocular Telescope

We often hear friends who come to buy a Telescope and ask, "How far can your Telescope look at?", "Can your Telescope be more doubled?", "How can your Telescope be put in the sky?" ...This problem reflects the public's lack of Telescope and astronomical knowledge.

The so -called "see how far" and "how big" are not scientific nor meaningful, and the quality of the Telescope is by no means this way.

In fact, "how far to see" depends entirely on the brightness of the observed target. As long as the goal is bright enough, we can see infinite distance without a Telescope. For example, we can see about 6,000 stars that we can see with the naked eye.In the end of infinitely; and "how big" is the problem that the basic knowledge of astronomy will be raised, this is because we see "the stars in the sky" or more are stars, and the stars are so far away from us, soEven if they are observed with the largest Telescope on the earth, they are still just geometric highlights (the smaller the highlights, the higher the quality of the optical imaging of the Telescope; on the contrary, if you see the stars in the Telescope, the stars have vision noodles or even the color, then there are colors, then there are colors, then there are colors, then there are colors, then there are colors, then there are colors, then there are colors.It can be determined that its optical system is seriously ill). Only the celestial bodies in the Solar system (such as the Solar, planets, satellites, comets, etc.) or the celestial body (such as Nebula, Galaxy, Star Group, etc.) outside the Solar system can use the Telescope.

So is the "magnifying multiple" the performance indicators that must first consider when buying a Telescope?Definitely not!Not only does it not be ranked first, but if it is too large, it will cause the image quality to worsen seriously.

Betal (Yisuke is 8 times to 10 times)

The Telescope is marked with the words of 10 x 42, 8 x 30.Look at a 10 -fold Telescope to see a bird standing in 100 meters, as close to 10 meters with the naked eye.Due to the large rate of multiple, the smaller the perspective, the more difficult to search for the goal, and it is more likely to affect the clarity due to the trembling of the hands.When the light is very sufficient, it is clearly 10 times compared to 8 times; when the light is insufficient, 8 times can see the details than 10 times, so you should not blindly pursue a high mortar rate.

Activation (Yisuke 30mm to 42mm)

The larger the diameter, the better the diameter of the objective mirror affects the amount of light.Especially in the case of strong comparison of light and darkness, morning and dusk, and cloudy, the larger the diameter, the higher the light inlet, the more details can be seen in the eyes; but at the same time, the heavier the Telescope, and the long -term watching is more difficult to cause fatigue.It is advisable to choose a larger caliber according to your personal body.

Vision (the bigger and better)

The field of vision refers to the range that can be seen at 1000 meters. The width of the field of vision should be higher than 104 meters, which is 6 degrees.The greater the vision, the faster and easier to search for the goal.However, when the field of vision is larger, the more serious the edge is distorted and blurred. The more complicated the correction of the aberration, the higher the required technology and cost.

color guarantee (the better the more natural, the better)

High -quality Telescope must faithfully reflect the primary color and saturation of the scenery.In order to increase the brightness of the Telescope, some manufacturers deliberately increase or decrease a certain optical waves, causing distortion to make the scene blue or reddish.

The relationship between light transmission and coating is inseparable and directly affects color conservation.All optical glass high light transmission and full surface multi -layer coating, the brightness is relatively high, and the color is accurate.Generally, manufacturers will not announce all data (it is difficult to do), and some manufacturers will announce the light transmission or coating of local optical glass to mislead consumers.

Use performance

Depth of field

For the bird watching people, the depth of field is a more contradictory parameter. The depth of the field does not need to be frequent, it is more convenient to use, but for observing the forest birds, the prospects and backgrounds are not easy to blur.protrude.The depths of the field are small. Although the forest and birds are obvious and the background blur is obvious, and the theme of the birds is prominent, when the distance changes, it is necessary to re -focus. The fingers must always be on the coking wheel, which is more tired.This depends on personal preferences, there is no fixed standard.

Sealing

Wangyuan is often carried out outdoors. Observation environment is changing. It is best to choose a Telescope with water -proof water (water pressure and waterproof), so that the interior of the mirror can be kept sealed and stable.

Comfortable

Comfort varies from person to person.Generally speaking, the Telescope of the surface of the surface not only has good shockproof effects, but also more comfortable to hold; the weight of the mirror body determines whether it is convenient to use and carry for a long time; usually, everyone will choose a Telescope with high durability.

[Features of Outdoor clothing] What are the characteristics of Outdoor clothing for Outdoor clothing?

What is Outdoor clothing

The Outdoor environment is complicated and changing. In order to resist the harm of the human body, protect the body's heat from being lost, and the sweat produced during rapid discharge of exercise. When climbing, climbing and other outdoor sports, it should be layered.

The so -called Outdoor layered dress refers to wearing different materials in outdoor sports to adapt to the impact of various weather changes in the wild on the human body, such as pants, fleece jackets, warm clothes, sunscreen pants, andSpeed dry pants and so on.

What are the characteristics of Outdoor clothing

Warmth

Although warmth is closely related to the thickness of the fabric, outdoor sports are not allowed to be too heavy, so it is necessary to keep warm and lightweight in order to meet the special requirements of Outdoor sportswear.The most common method is to add special ceramic powders such as chromium oxide, magnesium oxide, and oxide to the synthetic fibrous spinning fluid such as polyester, especially nano -grade micro ceramic powder.Thermal energy can also reflect the far -infrared rays emitted by the human body, so it has excellent thermal insulation and heat storage performance.

Wetness

waterproof and humid clothing uses the surface tension of the water, and paint a layer on the fabricPTFE(PolytetrafluoroethylenePTFEThe chemical coating of enhanced the surface tension of fabrics with the same chemical composition and different physical structures, so that the water droplets should be tightened as much as possible without scattering and infiltrating the surface of the fabric, so that the pores on the fabric are unable to.At the same time, this coating is porous, and the water vapor in the single molecular state can be smoothly distributed to the surface of the fabric through the capacity of the capillary between the fiber.

After a large amount of exercise, if you stop in the wild to rest, it is possible to form a water droplet in the inner layer of the clothes because the outside temperature and sweat cannot be scattered in the inner layer of the clothes.

"Knot" phenomenon.There is a special humidity collation process called "low -knitting dew".PU) The fabric is coated with hydrophilic nano ceramic powder. When the body is evaporated with a large amount of sweat, it can absorb too much sweat vapor, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of water vapor inside the clothes surpassed the saturated steam and transformed into water droplets.

In addition to finding a way from fiber and coating, you can also try to absorb and sweat as much as possible in the fabric structure.For example, a double -layer tissue structure is adopted, the inner layer of the close layer is hydrophobic fiber, and hydrophilic fibers are used in the outer layer, so that sweat can rely on the capillary to move from the Skin to the inner fiber, and then due to the hydrophilicity of the outer layerThe combination of fiber and water molecules is stronger than the inner hydrophobic fiber, and the water molecules are transferred from the inner layer of the fabric to the outer layer, and finally distributed to the atmosphere.

waterproof

The primary function provided by Outdoor clothing is waterproof. Most traditional fabric waterproofing is coating or film. Later, waterproof treatment with fluoride or organic silicon is used.The effect of waterproofing can be represented by anti -water permeability and surface moisture.

GB/T4744-1997"Textile fabric anti -seepage measurement static water pressure test" is used to indicate the resistance encountered by the fabric through the static water pressure suffered by the fabric, that is, under the standard atmospheric conditions, the sample on the side of the sample is affected by a continuous rising water pressure.Until three water seepage, record the pressure at this time, so thatKPAorCMH2OTo indicate that the larger the value, the better the waterproof performance.

Breathable

A good Outdoor clothing must not only prevent rainproof but also breathable.Its breathable performance is determined by the microporous structure of the film, allowing gas molecules to escape, preventing liquid water molecules from entering.The breathability is the ability of air through fabrics.Under the specified test area, pressure drop and time, air flow vertical is represented by the rate of samples.Unitmm/sorm/sEssenceThe larger the value, the better its breathable performance.GB/T5453-1997The test area recommended in "Textile Facilities" is20cm2, Can also choose5cm2As well as50cm2or100cm2; Taking fabric pressure drop100Pa, Industrial fabric200PaIf the above pressure drop is not reached or not applicable, it can be selected after negotiation in various aspects50Paor200PaEssence

Stem

The hygroscopic and dryness is to quickly absorb the sweat produced by the body, try to discharge the outer layer and volatilize as soon as possible, so that the body should be kept as dry as possible.GB/T21655.1-2008"Textiles of Textiles and Smooth Drying Evaluation No.1Part: Single combination test method "uses the water absorption rate, dripping time, and core suction height of the fabric to the water -absorbing ability of the fabric to the water sweat;Speed in sweat.This standard has made specific technical requirements for knitting and knitting products for hygroscopic and drying productsGB/T21655.2-2008"Textiles of Textiles and Smooth Drying Evaluation No.2Part: The test method stipulated in the Dynamic Water Transmission Method is: Place the fabric samples horizontally. After the liquid water is in contact with its water surface, the liquid water will spread along the water surface of the fabric, and the water surface of the fabric will be transmitted to the penetration surface. At the same timeThe infiltration surface of the fabric is diffused, and the process of moisture content is a function of time.After the sample dipping surface is dripped into the test solution, the sensor that is closely in contact with the sample is used to determine the dynamic transmission of the liquid water water, and calculate a series of performance indicators to evaluate the performance of water absorption and sweating for textiles.

Anti -static

Outdoor clothing is basically made of chemical fiber fabrics. When the Outdoor environment is relatively dry, static electricity problems will occur. It shows that clothes are prone to hairs and dirt, close to the Skin to produce electrostatic adsorption.If you carry an electronic compass, altitude table,GPSSeveral electronic instruments such as navigators may also be interfered by the electrostatic of clothing and cause errors, causing serious consequences.

Comparing existing national standards and industry standards, the indicators of each method evaluation are different, and the results obtained by using different test methods are not comparable.The electricity of Outdoor clothing that can be used with good charging density method is a method for testing Outdoor clothing anti -static performance during actual wear.

UV prevention

The evaluation parameters of the textile anti -ultraviolet radiation use the ultraviolet protection factorUPFValue, it indicates that the average effect of ultraviolet radiation calculated when the Skin is not protected and the ratio of the average effect of ultraviolet radiation calculated when the Skin is protected by fabrics.GB/T18830-2009"Evaluation of Textiles Anti -UV performance" stipulates the test methods, assessment, and logo of the level of anti -sunlight ultraviolet performance of textiles.UVRadio radiation sample, collect the total spectral transmission rays, and determine the total spectral transmission ratioT(), and calculate the ultraviolet protection coefficient of the sampleupfvalue.You can use a parallel beam to illuminate the test sample, and collect all transmission light with a integral ball; you can also use a light hemisphere to illuminate the sample to collect parallel transmission light.In actual operation, the detection instrument can automatically calculate the sampleUPFValue andT().SampleUPFValue greater than50When it comes to "upf & gt; 50". According to this standard, as samplesupf & gt; 40,andT(UVA.av & lt; 5%At the same time, it can be called "anti -ultraviolet product".