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iron wire fern, a family of Phoenix Fern, has a perennial herb, 0.1-0.6 meters high.Because its stems are slender and color -like, they are named iron wire fern.iron fern is a common indoor greening plant and can also be used as an indicator of calcium soil.Because of its fear of dryness and strong light, it must be placed in a place without direct sunlight for maintenance.

There are about 200 kinds of iron wire fern, which is a famous ornamental ferns.There are about 30 species in my country.The main ornamental species include whip leaf iron wire fern, Tuanyu iron wire fern, fan leaf iron wire fern, palm leaf iron wire fern, gray -back iron wire fern, white -back iron wire fern, etc.Railway fern native tropical and subtropicals, widely distributed around the world.It is widely set in Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other places.Sex is warm and humid and semi -yin environment,Often born inAltitude 100-2800 metersflowIt is more common on the limestone or the bottom of the limestone cave and on the wall of the limestone cave beside the water stream.Avoid strong light.The suitable temperature temperature is 18 25 .

Nickname

Filtic grass, girl's hair, iron wire, water pig hair soil

variety

1. Fan blade iron wire fern

The leaves are the wide ovate that is not neat, and the palm -like branches of the palm -shaped branches are 2 to 3 times.Fan blade iron line fern likes the sun with sufficient sunlight, suitable for growing in acidic red and yellow soil.

2,Whip iron wire fern

Also known as Gang Mao iron wire fern, leaf -shaped lanceolate, about 10-25 cm long, the top is extended into a whip -shaped, rooting at the ground.The whip iron wire fern was born under the forest or valley stone seams of 100-1200m altitude.

3. Wedge leaf iron wire fern

The leaves are triangular, with feather -like split, and the cracks are diamond or long.Wedgeflower wire fern is often born on the limestone beside the flowing water stream or the bottom of the limestone cave and the wall of dripping rocks, and the altitude is 100-2800 meters.

4,Ruffled iron wire fern

The lotus leaf iron line fern is a relatively rare variety. Due to the destruction of nature by human production activities, the environment that it depends on the survival no longer exists.Because the ruffled iron wire fern is a better medicinal material, excessively excavated, making it on the edge of the extinction, and the amount of cultivation is small.

Morphology

The plant height is 15-40 cm.Ye Yuansheng or near life, the veins are more forks, and the edges are directly on the edge, both of which are obvious on both sides.The leaf veins are available to the two digo bifurcation, and the edges are directly on the edge, both sides are obvious.After the leaves are dried, the grass is thin, grass -green or brown -green, and both sides are not hairless. The leaf shafts, each back of the feather shaft and the small feather handle are the same color as the petiole, and often twists and turns from left and right.The rhizomes are long and horizontal, and the brown lanceolate is densely sideways.

The handle is 5-20 cm long, about 1 mm thick, slender, shiny, luster, the base is the same scales as the root stems, Smooth upward, ovate triangle, 10-25 cm long, 8-16 cm wide, 8-16 cm wide, Polymark, wedge-shaped base, most of the middle part of the middle is two feathers, and the middle and above are a strange number of feathers.Large, 4.5-9 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, long round ovate, round blunt head, once (two less) strange numbers, 2-4 pairs of late small feathers on the side, alternate, obliquely upward upwards, 6-15 mm apart, the size is equal or the base is slightly larger, the symmetrical or asymmetrical oblique fan-shaped or nearly oblique Square, the length is 1.2-2 cm, the width is 1-1.5 cm, the upper edge is round, with 2-4 2-4Shallow or deep crack into strip -shaped cracks, the apex of the infertile fissure, the small jagged or corrosive small teeth with a wide triangle, which can cultivate the cracks.There are small tooth-like teeth on the side, which are full on both sides.It is often larger than the side-raybal tablets under it, with a handle of 1 cm; the second pair of feathers are 2.5-5 cm away from the base, and each pair is the same as a pair of feathers at the base and gradually becomes smaller.

3-10 pieces per feather tablets per feathering, bleled from the upper edge of the last small feather tablets that can be nurtured; the flocks cover the long shape and the kidney form a round kidney shape.Membrane quality, fullness, staying.The spores are covered with coarse particles, which are often preserved after treatment.

Suitable place

Xiyin, strong adaptability, easy cultivation, suitable for indoor potted viewing.Small potted plants can be placed on the head of the case and coffee table; large potted plants can be used to arrange the window sills, aisles or living rooms of the shade room.iron fern leaves are also good cutting materials and dried flower materials.

Effectiveness and role

Viewing value

The stems and leaves of the iron wire fern are very beautiful. It is suitable for planting in rockery or gardens. It can also be made into potted plants on the balcony or window sill and in the corridor to watch.Cut the flowers for humans to place them at will.

Purify the air

The iron wire fern can purify the indoor air, absorb the harmful gases to the human body, and place it in the bedroom that is conducive to relaxation and improve sleep quality.According to research, iron wire fern can absorb 20 micrograms of formaldehyde per hour. Some people call it the most effective biological "purifier".Therefore, those who deal with paint and paint all day, or like smoking, can put a few pots of iron wire fern at home to absorb the harmful gases, and can also absorb the dickyne and toluene released by the computer and printers.

Medicinal effect

Don't look at the iron wire fern is just a pile of useless leaves. It can have antiprobium, active, relieve heat, stop bleeding, and give birth muscle.Topical treatment of bruises, fractures and bleeding, internal treatment to treat rheumatism and Bone pain, numb hands and feet, urinary tract infection, etc., have a good effect on influenza, cough, burns, snake bite, and snake bite.

Breeding method

illumination

Although the iron wire fern is a yin -ray plant, it requires a certain amount of light in the growth season.During the indoor maintenance, it is best to put it on the east or north, and its light level is ideal.

Seeping shade in the summer at noon, appropriate light in the morning and evening, and too strong light will make the iron line fern leaves zoom.If it is cultivated on the Outdoor balcony, shaded shades at noon at noon in the four seasons, so as not to burn yellow.

Humidity/watering

The iron wire fern likes a warm and semi -overcast environment. Pour water once a day during the growth period. It is hotter in summer. Pour water once every morning and evening. At the same time, sprinkle water around the leaf surface and the pots of pots to improve the humidity of the air and keep the leaves green.If there is no one in the family, you can put the Flower pot on a humid sand table, make up for the water, and water it once every 2 to 3 days.

When the temperature in the end of autumn, winter and early spring is low, the pot soil should be moist, so that the surface of the pot soil can not be dried.

temperature

The temperature of the iron wire fern is 15-20 C, and the temperature in winter can not be kept green without less than 5 C.In midsummer, if the temperature is too high, you need to spray the plant every day to increase the air humidity and cool down.

soil

iron wire fern likes loose and fertile lime soil. Families can be used: garden soil, leaf soil and sand, and mixes according to the ratio of 4: 5: 1.If you want to grow well, you can sprinkle lime powder in the pot soil to increase calcium.

Fertilize

iron wire fern is fed, but the demand for Fertilizers is not large.spring, summer and autumn are for its growth season, and apply thin liquid Fertilizer once every 30 days.Sulfur sulfur sulfur solution can be poured 2 to 3 times per month.Pay attention to proper calcium Fertilizer, so that the growth of iron wire fern will be better.summer temperature is high, minimize fertilization.The temperature of autumn gradually decreased, and in mid -October, the fat gradually stopped.

Pay attention to fertilizing, apply a thin -mouth watering pot to slowly apply along the pot. Do not let the Fertilizer stick on the leaves, otherwise it will easily burn the blades and affect the ornamental effect.

Frequently problem handling

Way of breeding

1. Substitute breeding

iron wire fern is usually breed in divisions, so as to maintain the nature of the parent.Generally, when the basin is changed in April of the following year, the size of the plant can be divided into or one in three to cultivate depending on the size of the mother plant.In addition, once the mature spores are scattered in the humid soil, it will also develop into a seedling. When it grows up, it will become a new plant.

It is available in the four seasons in the room, but it is generally carried out in early spring.Take the mother plant out of the pot, cut off the roots, so that each piece with part of the rhizomes and blades, and then plant them in small pots.The mixed soil is covered around the rhizomes, and the new plants can be obtained in the wet environment after irrigation.

2,Spore breeding

Put the peat and fine sand with the matrix in the oven high -temperature disinfection to kill germs and weed seeds.Then, put the disinfected soil in a shallow pot.Cut the leaves with mature spores, concentrate spores and sprinkle them in a shallow basin evenly, do not need to cover the soil, cover the glass slices on it, soak the water from the bottom of the pot, keep the pot soil moist, and place it in the semi -yin environment at 20 ~ 25 C.In the following, the spores of about 1 month can germinate into the original leaf body, and it can be divided into planting after full pot.Note that 1 to 2 days before the planting should be moved to the glass on the pot to breathe, so as not to cause plant rot or pests.In addition, spores are prone to spores in warm and damp environments.

Fast growth, change the basin every spring, add a small amount of brick dandruff and wood ash powder with rotten soil.During the growth period, it is necessary to water and spray water.After fertilizing once every half a month, you can choose Huiyou 15-15-30 pot flower Fertilizer.When fertilizing, the Fertilizer should not tarnish the leaves.Avoid strong light in summer, so as not to cause the leaves of the leaf margin and move to indoor maintenance in winter.

Fertilizer management

The iron wire fern is wet, and the peak growth season should be fully watered. In addition to maintaining the wet hole of the pot soil, pay attention to the high air humidity, and sprinkle water around the plant when the air is dry.Especially in summer, water is poured 1-2 times a day.

Water is wet and wet when the pot soil is wet, which can easily make the leaves yellow.Apply 2-3 thin liquid Fertilizers 2-3 times a month. Do not stick to the leaves when fertilizing, so as not to cause rotten leaves. Out of the calcium habits of iron wire fern, the pot soil should be added with an appropriate amount of lime and broken eggshell.It will be better.Reduce watering in winter and stop fertilization.

Diseases and insect prevention

There are mainly leaf blight hazards. In the early stage of the onset, spraying Bordeaux was sprayed 1 to 2 to prevent control.Pests have garaphs, and can be sprayed with 1500 times liquid of 50%malaxylum phosphorus, or 2.5%semramlly.

Leaves brown coke

The brown coke is the most prone to iron line fern leaves, which is often encountered in cultivation.The iron line fern was originally born in the wet wall seam or stone surface, which is the most dampness.Due to the strong light in summer, if the iron wire fern is not placed in a shade environment, it cannot grow normally.The direct sunlight will quickly steam the water of the leaves, and the water has not been used to absorb the water. Some of the cells of the leaves have been dehydrated, and the green will gradually fade, so that the focus will appear.

Rescue measures:

It must be cultivated immediately.

Cut the scorched leaves and spray water in time on the leaves and the surrounding ground.

Take care of it and try to avoid being stimulated by strong light again.

Black leaves

Due to improper maintenance of iron wire fern, the leaves are often dark.The reasons and prevention measures:

The temperature in winter is low, and the frost damage of late cream or early cream.The iron line fern has a warm and humid climate, which is not cold -resistant. The suitable growth temperature is 15 ~ 24 C. If the temperature room temperature is above 10 C or more, the leaves can be kept green.

Too shadow, no sunlight for a long time.The iron wire fern is afraid of the heat and cannot be exposed in the sun, but it cannot be shaded. It is best to put it under the Outdoor shade and tree in summer, or move outdoors at night, and move back to the room during the day.winter should be fully seen.

summer climate is sweltering and poor ventilation.Raise air humidity and strengthen ventilation.

Fat and water problem.The iron line fern is rich in humus, which requires sufficient fertility.Can be added to the cultivation soil to add charcoal powder and brick dandruff to improve the permeable water permeability of the pot soil. The pot soil should be wet.

precautions

1. Rizhao: Although it seems that the indoor light is not too dark, the general indoor light is still slightly darker for the iron wire fern, so it is best to place it in a bright place in the room.

2,Temperature: iron wire fern likes cold climate. The growth temperature is between 15 C and 25 C. The temperature of the leaves cannot be lower than 7 C, otherwise it may have frostbite the leaves.

3. Moisture: iron wire fern is very like a high -humidity environment, so in the three seasons of spring, summer and autumn, should be watered 4 to 5 times a day.

4,Fertilization: Fertilization is necessary for iron wire fern, but grasping the principle of "a small amount of more", and use 1000 to 2000 times the diluted solution with flower treasures.

In addition, if you want to raise iron wire fern in your family, you should still do the following:

The iron wire fern likes warm and humid and half -cold environment, and hate the direct sunlight.

Fern plants grow in a humid environment. For iron wire fern, naturally, it is no exception.

You need to change the basin once a year, while trimming the dry leaves and old roots.

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