1. Outdoor landscape lighting design plan

1. The night scene lighting of the building

The night scene lighting of the building is the most commonly used are pan -light lighting, contour lighting, internal light lighting, etc.

The pan -light lighting of the building facade is to directly illuminate the facade of the building with a certain angle of light (pan -light) light from a certain angle of design and reshape the night image of the building.Its effect can not only show the whole picture of the building, but also can effectively express the shape of the building's shape, three -dimensional sense, stone material and material texture, and even decorative details.

Pan -light lighting is not simply reproducing the daytime image of the building, but using the means of light, color, and shadow of light lighting to reshape the building a more moving, pretty, and magnificent image at night.

The building contour is clearly outlined the outline of the building with wire light sources (string Lights, neon Lights, beauty light resistance, lighting pipes, LED light bars, general glowing fiber, etc.).Ending the edge of the building with narrow beam light can also outline the contour.

Internal lighting lighting is to use the indoor light or device to transmit light from the inside of the building to form the exquisite night scene lighting effect.

2. The night scene lighting of the Square

The shape and area of the Square are neither fixed and stylish. Setting lighting must seize the premise of satisfying functional lighting. According to the inherent characteristics of the Square, the function of the Square is fully played.

In first, the landscape lighting of the Square must first unify the landscape lighting of the buildings around the Square with the lighting of the Square. It is necessary to coordinate the lighting of the roads around the Square and the Square, and unify the inherent culture.

Square lighting is mainly: Fountain, Square ground and logo, tree array, underground shopping malls or subways, and environmental lighting composition of green spaces and flower gardens.

3. The night scene lighting of the bridge

Most of the modern bridges are modern steel cable -catching bridges with double tower cable and single tower cable.The shape of the cable bridge is characterized by pulling.The lighting of the bridge will focus on highlighting this characteristic. With different lamps and unique artistic methods, a huge harp stands on the river and river.

In order to set off the overall effect of the festive atmosphere of the bridge, along the road on both sides of the bridge, one art lamp can be placed every 4-5 meters to make the chain a flash of pearl necklace.

When the top light lighting of the main tower can be shot from the bottom in three aspects, the entire main tower should be shined with clear, white and flawless, and majestic. This is the top priority of the bridge landscape.

In order to illuminate all the main tower, the perspective effect is good, and a platform should be set up under the road. Use pan -light Lights to illuminate the tower base part from the top to bottom, so that the lighting effect of the high tower is like a giant standing in the river waterAbove it.

4. Landscape lighting of the tower

The tower body is usually composed of several basic parts such as the base, the tower body, and the top of the tower, which constitute a harmonious whole.The architect gave each part of the corresponding meaning when designing.They all have corresponding effects or functions. From aesthetic perspective, their aesthetic value lies in setting up a landmark for a area.Therefore, the complete lighting performance of each part of the tower body is very important, and the overall image of a certain part or a thicker alienation can be expressed alone.

The lighting settings of each part of the tower should consider the needs of or watch.The top of the tower is usually viewed from a long distance, and the lighting should be more appropriate.

The tower part is often a part with rich details and carrying architectural styles. It should be targeted to choose the lighting method, carefully portray the tower body components and carvings, and use the emphasis on lighting methods to perform the main part of the tower body.

The tower base is a near -people part. The lighting performance of this part is to complete the integrity of the tower body image. The lighting they set up should be taken into account the feeling of people when viewing at close distances.The configuration of projection direction should be aimed at people's visual comfort.

As far as the entire tower body is concerned, from the bottom up, the illumination of lighting should gradually increase, which can cause a towering feeling and in line with the visual laws of people when watching the scene.

5. Landscape lighting of overpass bridge

The traffic bridge is often on the main roads of the city, and it is an important part of the overall effect of urban landscape lighting.Watching the Lijiao Bridge from the distance from the distance, it is a lane that walks up and down, and then spreads around.The image of the lane is mainly expressed by the railing by the lane.The relationship between multi -level, multi -lane vertical overlap, and the performance of layers of depth can really reflect the charm of the landscape of the bridge.

Green and green spaces must be set up in the overrun bridge area to play an important role in the landscape environment of the adjusted bridge area, and it should be fully used.

Watching the panoramic pattern of the bridge from high -sighted point, including the outline of the lane side lines, the light composition and light sculpture in the green space, and the bright lines formed by the street lights in the bridge area. These lighting elements are integrated together to form an organic overall picture.Essence

6. Landscape lighting of water view

Water scenery is an important part of garden landscape.There are many forms of water scenery, with wide water surfaces and rippling large lakes. There are also water views such as streams, Fountains, waterfalls, and cement ponds.

The night scene lighting method on the water surface is mainly to use the actual scenery of the water surface and the lighting of the shore trees and railings to form a reflection on the water surface.Revelation and real scenes, compare each other, set off, positive and reverse, plus the dynamic effects of reflection, making people feel so beautiful.

For Fountains, waterfalls can be used underwater lighting, and underwater Lights of the same or different colors are arranged according to a certain pattern. The effect is amazing and has no interest.

7. Landscape lighting of trees

Trees are one of the four elements of garden landscape.There are many types of trees, with a variety of attitudes. In addition to beautifying the environment and for viewing, they also have the effects of regulating and protecting the environment.lighting should be treated according to the height, size, appearance characteristics and color of the trees.

8. Functional lighting of the Park road

The lighting method of the road in the Park: The road is the context of the garden, and the tourists are led to various attractions from the entrance.The path is winding and turning, giving people the effect of creating a step -by -step difference and a variety of paths.The lighting method should be carried out closely.

9. Landscape lighting of sculpture sketches

The sculpture sketch and logo in the garden are ornamental; the other is commemorative.lighting should be from the characteristics of the sculpture, especially for key parts such as: head, expression, materials, color, and surrounding environment, and use the side to go from top to bottom to light, and it is not appropriate to light up from the front., S three -dimensional lighting effects.The narrow beam lamps should be selected with a proper light source to avoid the direction of the vision of tourists and prevent glare interference.

10. Landscape lighting of ancient buildings

Chinese classical buildings can be described as unique and self -contained system. They all have their own inherent characteristics in terms of materials, shapes, planes, and space layouts.The main buildings are in the middle, and other buildings are developing on both sides according to the central axis.The architectural form is basically composed of three parts: step base, roof, and house body.

The roofs of Chinese classical buildings are often made into a soft curve. The surrounding eaves and stilts are covered with green gray tiles or glass tiles. This is one of the inherent characteristics of Chinese classical architecture itself.Therefore, accurately grasp this feature, and highlighting it in the form of lighting at night is the key to Chinese classical architectural lighting.

The door arch stacked by the staggered endwood has become a unique formation of Chinese classical architecture.Liangzhumen arch's oil decoration paintings increase the beauty of the building through gorgeous patterns.The use of appropriate lamps to select suitable light sources is the focus of Chinese classical architecture lighting.

For the layout, form, color and materials of Chinese classical buildings, the layout, form, color and materials of Chinese classical buildings are different from modern architecture. Therefore, the lighting, color matching, and lamps of lighting should be highlighted.Classical architectural culture and artistic connotation are carried out.

When designing specific design, it should be used flexibly, and different landscape lighting methods should be adopted according to the specific situation of the designed designs.

2. precautions for landscape lighting design

1. The unity of the overall and local, local and individual

Each landscape lighting project in the city is part of the overall lighting of the city. It must reflect the characteristics of the local area and the requirements of the overall planning of urban lighting.In the local area, the lighting of each building (constructed) or nodes should also be coordinated with the style and form of the area of landscape lighting at the same characteristics.Therefore, in the process of landscape lighting design, the positioning and style of landscape lighting projects must be determined from different spatial scale patterns. The impact of the surrounding environment on the project should be considered.The influence; considering the current needs of construction, there must be a certain forward to meet the needs of future sustainable development.

2. The unity of artistic and technical nature

The landscape lighting should consider the effect of lighting at different distances and different angles, and show the respective characteristics of each project at night. At the same time, the effect of the scenery of the daytime cannot be destroyed.Better consideration should be made.We often see such losses, some of the huge lamps and naked pipelines installed on the pavilion pavilion or similar (structure) buildings, which almost destroy the beauty of the original building;The projection angle and the installation location are unreasonable, which increases the difficulty of installation, is inconvenient to maintain, and even threatens the safety of tourists and pedestrians; some high -altitude walls are seriously corrosive.The light glass is close at hand.These phenomena can be avoided by ensuring the effects of lighting art.

3. The unity of the lighting effect and humanistic care

Landscape lighting is to meet the needs of tourists to appreciate the landscape at night. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize people -oriented, and provide people with elegant and comfortable lighting environments, but also to provide a safe light environment.In the design, you can use a reasonable setting of the lamp position, the use of light interceptors, increase the lighting plate and grille, etc., to achieve the effect of lighting design, and avoid the occurrence of light pollution and safety.

4. Unity of technical and economical

In terms of design, landscape lighting projects should use technologies, materials and products that meet the conditions of green lighting to the greatest extent, and mostly use LED lights, T5 tubes, Solar lamps, energy -saving lamps, ceramic gold halogen Lights and other long life, high energy efficiency, stability, stabilityA good new light source meets the requirements of energy saving energy from the source, and improves the efficiency of the lighting system through various methods (such as electronic ballasts, capacitance compensation and other methods).In terms of the layout of the lighting system, the laying of the line, and the installation of the lamps, it is necessary to fully consider the convenience, fire prevention, anti -theft and maintenance convenience, and also use the principle of cost performance to consider the economy of investment.In terms of switching light control, regularly automatically controlled control, setting different scenarios such as weekdays, weekends, and festivals; in special circumstances, you can also flexibly adjust the time and scope of the switching light.Through real -time detection of operating conditions, timely discover and eliminate failures, reduce the labor intensity of maintenance, improve work efficiency, and thus have good social and economic benefits.

Baby prepare items by plane

(1) Baby strap

Baby bands are very practical.You can carry your baby on your chest, not only can you free up your hands with your hands, but not affect the boarding procedures.

(2) Formula Milk powder

If you fly for more than 10 hours, breastfeeding mothers will feel tired. At this time, it is easier to feed with formula Milk powder than breast milk.

(3) Baby seat Belt

This is a very short seat Belt with a ring in the middle. Putting through the adult's seat Belt through the ring, and then tied to the baby.After the tie is tied, the adult's seat Belt and the baby's seat Belt are like an 8 -character lying horizontally, which is more suitable for short flight.

(4) milk bottles

It is more convenient to prepare a bottle to drink milk.

(5) clothes

Prepare a set of clothes that are easy to replace in the babies, which are more convenient to connect.

(6) diapers

If the baby is on the plane, of course, the diapers need to be changed.

(7) toys

Bringing toys that your baby usually likes, such as soothing bears, cloth books, etc., it can allow him to cope with the "boring" of the travel path, but not too much, otherwise it will make you busy.

(8) Clothing

It depends on the temperature of the destination and prepare appropriate clothes for children.In addition, the baby should wear clothes that are easy to increase or decrease.

(9) Baby oil

The air in the cabin is very dry. Parents should wipe the baby's oil in advance and then on the machine. The dry air may also make the baby's nose uncomfortable. You may wish to ask the stewardess to have some physiological saline and drop one or two drops in the nostril.

Baby takes high -speed rail preparation items

(1) Back towel

It is obviously inconvenient to take a baby high -speed rail to push the baby car. At this time, a universal back towel is needed. Towns on your body at home in advance. Do not solve it along the way.Put the baby in the seat.

With a back towel to carry the baby on his body, you can free up one hand to check the elevator, etc. For safety, the other hand still has to help the baby.Babies within 6 months can not use straps to develop well for the baby's body.

(2) Breastfeeding jacket

With it at any time, it is convenient for breastfeeding, do not buy zipper models, and directly hide the opening.Or prepare a mammal towel, there is really no comfortable large shawl scarf.The baby's clothes choose the clothes of the upper and lower avatars.In addition, prepare a clothes in case you can change it.There is an air conditioner on the high -speed rail in the summer. You can wear a T -shirt with long sleeves inside, increase or decrease at any time, and take a cotton towel or small blanket in the cotton era.

(3) Milk powder

If the baby wants to eat Milk powder, prepare a convenient Milk powder can, does not take up space, a thermos cup is equipped with hot water, a bottle of cool white, and the hot water on the train may sometimes be burned, so it is still more secure.

(4) Mommy bag

Courier baggage can be courmed home a few days in advance, and the rest must be carried on the body with a mum.Putting the wet towel wet towel on the top of the bag.

Baby takes a car to prepare items

(1) Plasizable

Buy an umbrella so that when the window of the car is behind the car, you can use the Parasol to block the sun to prevent the sun from sunburn.This can also protect your child's eyes will not be damaged by strong sunlight, and at the same time help children fall asleep.

(2) toys

If the baby is in trouble in the car and prepare some plush toys in the car, the baby will be obedient to the car.

(3) Baby U -shaped pillow

The baby's neck is very tender. Using this U -shaped pillow can protect the baby's neck when you get rid of the car, making the baby more comfortable.

(4) Children's car seat Belt cover shoulder cover

The baby's intimate care, creative children's car seat Belt.Super soft -skinned fabric, comfortable and soft, effectively appease the baby's emotions, is a good partner for fun.The cute cartoon shape increases the fun in the car, so that the baby can bring it happily, safe and assured.

(5) diapers

When you can't find the toilet, your baby doesn't have to hold it.

Baby prepare items by train

(1) clothes

The train is an air -conditioned car. Pay attention to keep warm, wear long -sleeved jackets, open chest, easy to wear.Put on the baby when you get off to prevent your baby from getting cold.

(2) hat

Wear a hat to avoid directly blowing the air conditioner on the head.

(3) Milk powder

The Milk powder is prepared, and the appropriate amount of Milk powder is packed into the convenience box to facilitate the drinking on the train.

(4) towel

There is a large towel on the train. When the baby sleeps, cover the big towel and cover the quilt.

(5) Plastic Bags

Bring some clean plastic Bags and newspapers for later use.

(6) toys

With 1-2 small toys with bright colors, tease the baby on the train, and resolve boring time.

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1. How high the garden lamp is generally high

The height of general garden Lights is between 2.5 meters and 5 meters.Modern garden lamps are mostly customized courtyard Lights, so the height can be customized according to customer requirements. Generally, 3 meters-4 meters are used in the community. The garden Lights on the sides of the road on both sides of the urban road or on both sides of the pedestrian road areGenerally at 4 meters to 5 meters; followed by some of the garden Lights produced by molds (such as the height of the courtyard Lights of die-cast aluminum), it is generally fixed at about 2.8 meters-3.5 meters.

2. Basic size of the garden Lights

1. The height of the garden light

The height of general garden Lights is between 2.5 meters and 5 meters.

2. The size of the courtyard lamp flange

The size of the courtyard lamp flange is generally 280x280, and the unit is millimeter.

3. Court -light burial size

The size of the courtyard lamp is 500cm.

4. The bottom size of the courtyard light

The basic size of the garden light base is 400cm.

5. Specifications of the garden Lights

The specifications of the garden Lights are 115mm and other diameters, 219mm, etc.

6. The courtyard light cone rod ratio ratio ratio ratio

The cone ratio ratio of the garden Lights is generally 11 .

Third, the practice of courtyard Lights

1. Sample sample

Positioning in strict accordance with the labeling in the construction drawings, according to the benchmark point and reference elevation delivered by the resident supervision engineer, use the level instrument to put samples, and submit it to the resident supervision engineer for inspection.

2. Guding pit excavation

Strictly excavate the foundation pit in strictly in accordance with the design requirements and geometric size. After excavation, clean up the base and consolidate the base.

3. Basic pour

(1) Strictly follow the material specifications specified in the design drawings and the method of systematic system regulations, carry out the system and installation of basic reinforced bars, and check the resident supervision engineers.

(2) Basic embedded parts should be treated with hot -dip galvanized treatment.

(3) The concrete pouring must be stirred strictly according to the material ratio, and poured according to the horizontal level. The thickness of the vibration must not exceed 45cm to prevent the two layers from getting off.

(4) Pour the concrete two times, and the first pouring to about 20cm above the anchor plate. After the concrete is frozen, remove the residue, accurately correct the embedded bolts, then pour the concrete of the remaining part, and ensure the foundation of the foundationThe level of installation level of the flange plate is not more than 1%.

Disclaimer: The above method stems from the index of the program system or the sharing of netizens. It is for your reference only and does not represent the research perspective of this website. It proves that it is effective. Please pay attention to the authenticity and authority of the source of the content of the content.Apply to delete & gt; & gt;Correction & gt; & gt;

1. What are the advantages of Underwater propeller

Underwater pusher is equivalent to underwater motorboats, which can be used as regular diving or play.Since the invention, the Underwater pusher has been very popular, and even 007 has used them in the movie.

The benefits of underwater pushers are obvious. It can make the diver's minimum physical strength reaching the maximum depth.Many divers say that the use of Underwater pusher allows them to focus more on their breathing. At the same time, it can help you get a little breath from the coast to the potential point.Multi -view.

Second, the shortcomings of underwater pushing device

We have briefly learned about the advantages of Underwater pusher, let's take a look at the shortcomings of Underwater pusher!

1. The use of Underwater pusher has a certain danger. First of all, the speed of diving rising is the risk of hypotension.At the same time, changes in air pressure may also cause ear pressure problems and even eardrum damage.Therefore, there must be a certain angle when using the propeller, and the speed must be controlled.

2. It has a short battery life. Even if it is full of electricity, it can only be used for 1 hour, so before use, you must ask professionals to check it carefully and carefully.In the process of use, you must also pay attention to the power at all times. Do nt play too much. Even if you ignore this problem, there will be some serious accidents.

How to grow tomato seeds to grow tomato seeds for a few days to germinate

How to grow tomato seeds

The small tomato seeds that have been dried on the paper will be exposed to the sun for a day before planting (the germs and viruses are eliminated, and the germination rate is increased), and then the seeds that have been dumped into pieces are scattered into pellets.

This is the key step of tomato seeds that cannot be omitted.

Turn the rake flat and the sun, rich in humus, fertile Fertilizer and loose seedlings "beds", and then lay a layer (20 mm thickness) on it.

First spray the water in the seedling bed, then sprinkle the small tomato seeds evenly on the seedbed, and then support the arc -shaped bamboo skeleton to cover the plastic film, and use stones and soil pressure to be surrounded by the surrounding area (moisturizing and insulation)Essence

How many days do tomato seeds germinate?After 3-5 days (temperature factors), the seeds will sprout. When the embryo leaves grow, they should open a plastic film on the morning of the day to change the fresh air for them.

When the true leaves appear, they should carefully spray the light feces urine and Fertilizer with a romance pot.

When the soil in the cultivation bed is dehydrated, it is necessary to supplement it with a barrel in time.

In this way, you can transplant it in the planting field without a month of operation (use a flat shovel to cut one inch of thickly cultivated soil to take the seedlings, and the soil transplants will return early).

Many people growing tomatoes are not very good. They waste a lot of manpower and material resources. At this time, you need to learn more about tomato cultivation technology. Speaking of tomato cultivation technology, Xiaobian is the expert in this area.Let me introduce the tomato cultivation technology.

Tomato cultivation technology

1. For environmental conditions

Temperature: Tomatoes have strong adaptability to temperature and can grow at 10-30 C temperature.There are certain differences in temperature requirements at different fertility stages.The optimal temperature of the seed germination is 25-30 C, the minimum temperature of the germination is 12 C, and the temperature of the seedling period is suitable during the day.

Among the tomato cultivation technology, temperature is the most critical point.

2. Main cultivation technology

1. Cultivation season: Export processing tomatoes are mostly for open field cultivation.Tomato is a vegetable crops that are not resistant to high temperature and are afraid of frosting, and are suitable for planting during a frost -free period at an average temperature of 15 C or more daily.

2. my country's region is vast, and the north -south climate is very different. Lulba planting tomatoes are generally in South China such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places. There are no frost throughout the year.

3. In summer, high temperatures are more rainy, and typhoons often have typhoons. Only autumn and winter weather is fine, sufficient light, less rain, warm climate, most suitable for planting, generally sowing from August to October, transplanting in September to October, starting in mid-November, starting in mid-November.Receive until late February of the following year.In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the frost -free period is very long and can carry two stubbles a year.spring stubble generally sowed seedlings from November to December, planted in mid-to-late March of the following year, harvested in mid-to-late May, and seedlings were pulled in mid-to-late July;Harvest in early October, and in late November.