Profile
Crab claw orchid, meat plant, shrub -shaped, stem Hanging, branches without thorns, old stems are flat, flat; fresh green or purple, the top is cut, the flowers are single on the top of the branch, two on the top of the branch, two, twoSide symmetry; separation of calyx top; several rounds of corolla, most stamens, berry -shaped.The flowering period is from October to February of the following year; the indoor -cultivated crab claw can be adjusted by controlling light.
Crab clawFor viewing plants, it is often grafted on the ruler or other rootstocks to obtain lush plants.Native to Brazil, common cultivation of parks and flower gardens across China.
Nickname
Christmas cactus, crab claw lotus, icing on the cake, crab orchid
Morphology
Affective meat plants are often shrub -shaped and non -leaf.There is no thorns, many branches, often Hanging, old stems, cylindricals, young stems and branches are flat; each section of torque is round to obovate, 3-6 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, freshGreen, sometimes a little purple, cut the top, 2-4 crude jagged on each side, and a thick middle rib on both sides; sometimes there is a little short thorn in the nest hole.
flowers are single on the top of the branch, rose red, 6-9 cm long, symmetrical on both sides; a round of calyx, a short Tube at the base, and the top is separated; the corolla is several rounds, the lower part of the Tube, the upper part ofLong; Most of the stamens, 2 rounds, stretched out, bending upward; the flower columns are long in the stamens, dark red, and the stigma 7 cracks.The pear -shaped, red, about 1 cm in diameter.
variety
Common hybrids in crab claws include white Christmas white, Dose, Gina, and snowflakes; yellow varieties include Jinmei, Christmas flames, golden fantasy, and Cambridge; orange Ante, Frigo; Purple varieties are Madajia; Pink varieties include Camilla, Disto and Eva, mostly introduced from the United States, Japan, Denmark and other countries.The conventional varieties include light purple, red rounded crab claws, white flower sprouts, pink beautiful crab claws when open, flower bud red crab claws and Russell, Buckley, blunt horns, Christmas cactus, etc.Essence
Suitable place
Crab orchid stems are often suspended because they are too long, so they are often made into chrome for decoration.The crab claw orchid blooms at Christmas and New Year's Day.
Effectiveness and role
Viewing value
There are many different varieties in crab claw orchids. They have different colors and appearances, and they are different in the flowering season. They are one of the most common ornamental flowers in the scenic spots, especially snowflakes, yellow Jin Mei, and Ant.They are more precious in crab claw orchids, with high ornamental value.
Purify the air
Crab claw orchid is a kind of negative plant that is suitable for breeding indoors. It absorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide in the air when breathing, and is converted into oxidation and release, which has a good effect on purifying the air.In addition, crab claw orchid also has a certain decomposition effect on electronic radiation. It can be placed next to the computer and TV, which can effectively reduce the damage of these electronic radiation sources to human body.
Medicinal effect
Crab claws can be used as a whole plant. It is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that can clear heat and detoxify. It has a good treatment effect on human sore swelling and mumps.After the crab claw orchid is used, it is mainly used for multi -color freshness. It can be harvested throughout the year. After harvesting, it can be washed and made into mud. The treatment effect is excellent.
Breeding method
illumination
The crab claw orchid is afraid of the hot and high temperature, and avoid exposure and rain. Therefore, it should be placed in the indoor ventilation of the room or on the shade balcony in the summer.After the beginning of the autumn, the crab claw orchid gradually recovers the growth, and should be placed in a place with 50 % of the light, such as the shadow shed or Xiangyang window to receive light and promote the differentiation of flower buds.As the weather turns cold, it should be given sufficient light in late autumn to winter.
Humidity/watering
Crab claws belong to the cactus of cactus. In the natural environment, they are often attached to trees or humid valleys. Therefore, the cultivation environment requires semi -yin and humidity, but the pot soil cannot be too wet and pursue the principle of "dry and transparent".Watering once every 2 to 3 days in high temperature season, avoid watering at noon; the temperature in winter is low, and you can water it once a week to avoid watering in the evening.
temperature
The suitable temperature of the crab claw orchid is 20 C to 25 C.At 22 C, it is best to use ventilation equipment; when the temperature is above 35 C or below 2 C, the plant will stop growing.
soil
Crab claw orchids are fertile and loose soil. Family can use 3 parts of garden soil, 4 parts of corrupt leaf soil, 3 parts of sand or 4 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of corrupt leaf soil, 2 parts of sand, 2 parts of perlite (or volcanic rock rocky rock (or volcanic rock rocky rock), It is best to disinfect after the soil is equipped with high temperature, and it can also be exposed to sterilization under the sun.
Fertilize
Crab claws like Potassium fertilizer, followed by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate Fertilizer.Fertilizers that can use N, P, and K to 30:15:20 or 40:20:30.Fertilization is stopped in winter, and 1,000 times per -per -weekly leaf surface can be sprayed with 1,000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate Fertilizer.
Flowering
Crab claws are short -day plants, which can control the purpose of controlling the flowering period by regulating the time of light.To promote flowering, short -day treatment is started from 60 to 70 days in advance according to the hoped flowering time.Natural light time is 8 hours a day, and the rest of the time is shaped.Continuously Shading, cannot be interrupted, and can generally see flower buds after 20 days.
Frequently problem handling
Way of breeding
1. Grafting
Rootstock: Choose the rootstock first.The rootstock is good for cactus,
Especially with beef tongue palms, it is better, because its height, good shape, strong and strong main trunk, and strong support can make the grafted crab claw orchid Hanging down freely, which is conducive to viewing.Therefore, one year in advance can be selected for cuttings with strong growth, no harm, neat and beautiful beef tongue palm tablets 1-2 sections, each pot.
Grafting: The suitable time for grafting crab claws is from late March to mid -June and mid -September to mid -October.Grafting should be carried out on the sunny morning. Therefore, the rootstock and scion contain more juice and heal the interface. At the same time, choose the beam of the beam of the second section, the perverted stem 2-3 as the scion.Can).First obliquely cut the scion -based section into a duck -billed shape.The length of the cutting surface is 1.5-2.5 cm. Try to cut it as much as possible to make it easy to survive. Then cut a knife at the top of the rootstock.Later, because there are many sticky liquids and the scion is easy to swim, it is necessary to fix half a minute by hand, and then cross the ears of the ears that are prepared by the cactus and stabbed the ears to make it together.Fixed.Finally, put the connected Flower pot in the cool and ventilated place (note that watering cannot be dipped in the interface), and it is expected to survive for about 20-30 days.
2,Cuttings
Choose a strong crab claw orchid 3-7 knots, generally 1.5 knots are inserted into the pot soil.The growing plants can bloom in the second year, blooming in the third year, and the number of flowers will increase year by year.
Diseases and insect prevention
Crab claw orchids often have anthracnose, rotten and leaf blight. Especially under high temperature and high humidity, the onset of disease is severe.Severe plants should be removed and burned.In the early stage of the disease, 500 times the liquid of 50%of the fungal wettable powder, sprayed once every 10-15D, and sprayed 3 times in total.When the harm of the segmented insect is severe, the surface of the leaf stems is covered with a white shell, which weakens the growth of the plant. The victims are yellow and white.Swilish.When red spiders are harmful, spray 1000-1500 times the prevention and treatment of oxidation and fruit solution.
Pelvic technique
1. The crab claw orchid can be changed to the pot every 2 years, usually from March to April. In addition to adding about 3 cm thick sand and stone on the basin of the pot to facilitate the filtering, it should also be cultivated in the cultivation soil.Add more phosphorus -containing rotten poultry pigeons, broken Bone fish scales, etc., but the root system should not be directly contacted with Fertilizer; when the temperature reaches 30 C, the plant enters a semi -dormant state.
2. At this time, not only should you avoid the scorching sun and rain, but you should also put it in a humid and cool place, at the same time, stop the Fertilizer and control water to prevent rotten roots;You can see the sun in the middle of the day, and give full light in mid -late October, which can promote the differentiation of flower buds and more pregnancy flower buds. At this time, it is advisable to apply liquid Fertilizer with more phosphorus every 7 days to 10 days.
Pruning method
In order to control the shape of the crab claw orchid, it is suitable for indoor furnishings. When the entire plant's puff diameter is more than 50cm, the stems can be shortened in spring, and some aging and dense branches can be removed.The new branches growing after the shear will look tender and green, and flowering will be more lush.It is worth noting that the trimming should be carried out on sunny days, and do not trim on rainy days or in summer.
1. After the autumn is cold, the crab claw orchid should be placed in the indoor sunlight.If there is no sufficient sunlight in autumn and winter, the flower buds formed will fall off, and the flowering will be reduced or not blossoming.
2. When the crab claw orchid plant grows large, the head is light and light.After the crab claw orchid is defeated, the residual flowers should be cut with the flowering stem nodes at the end, and the water control should be kept. After the new buds grow, water can be watered to keep the pot soil moist.
3. The pot soil of crab claws grafted seedlings can be used with 3 parts of corruption, 4 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of river sand, and a small amount of Organic fertilizer or Bone meal as base Fertilizer.Generally change the pot every 1 to 2 years.Change the pot should be carried out after the spring flowers are losing.
4. In the early spring, after the crab claw orchids thanked, there is a dormant period of about 40 days. At this time, watering should be controlled, but pay attention to loose soil and keep the pot soil dry. When the top starts to emergeKeep the pot soil moist, but avoid water in the pot to avoid rotten roots;
Entering the summer high temperature season, the crab claw orchid is in a dormant or semi -dormant state.
After the autumn, as the weather turns cold, the crab claw orchid gradually recovered, and it starts to water normally to keep the pot soil moist. At present, it is necessary to spray water and fog frequently to keep the perverted stems and buds moist. Watering to keep the soil moist.It is suitable; after flowering, watering should be controlled to extend the flowering period.
Special Mic 
