1. General Principles

(1) In order to strengthen the management of the construction and construction enterprises in the construction of the Building curtain wall, maintain the order of the construction market, ensure the quality and safety of the project, promote the healthy development of the industry, and formulate this standard in combination with the characteristics of the construction curtain wall project;

(2) The scope of this standard project refers to the construction curtain wall project in various construction projects;

(3) This standard is the basis for approved the corporate qualification level of the construction and construction activities of the Building curtain wall;

(4) This standard has two Levels: first and secondary Levels;

(5) In this standard, engineering performance and professional and technical personnel performance indicators refer to the construction decoration projects that have been completed and accepted the quality of quality.

2. Standard

(1) Level first

1. Corporate credit

(1) Have an independent corporate legal person qualification;

(2) Has a good social reputation and has corresponding economic strength.

(3) In the past five years, there have been no less than 6 construction engineering engineering (design or construction or design) with an area of not less than 6,000 Square meters.

(4) In the past three years, the annual project settlement income is not less than 40 million yuan.

2. Technical conditions

(1) The person in charge of the enterprise has been engaged in the construction curtain wall engineering experience at no less than 8 years.Items

(2) Enterprises have no less than 10 professional and technical personnel engaged in construction curtain wall engineering (the majors they are studying are architectural structures, mechanical categories).Among them, there are no less than 6 people in mechanical majors, no less than 4 people in the construction structure, and have been engaged in the construction curtain wall for more than 3 years, participating in the completion of construction engineering (design or construction with a single Building curtain wall with no less than 3,000 Square metersOr design and construction integration) No less than 1 item;

(3) There are no less than 6 professional and technical personnel who have the qualifications of first -level registered builders (first -level structural engineers and first -level project managers).

3. Technical equipment and management level

(1) The necessary technical equipment and fixed workplace;

(2) It has a complete quality management system and runs well.With technology, security, operation, personnel, finance, archives and other management systems.

(2) Level 2

1. Corporate credit

(1) Have an independent corporate legal person qualification;

(2) Has a good social reputation and has corresponding economic strength.

(3) In the past five years, the enterprise has independently undertaken the construction engineering engineering (design or construction or design and construction of construction engineering (design or construction or design) in the past five years.

(4) Enterprise's annual project settlement income in the past three years is not less than 10 million yuan.

2. Technical conditions

(1) The person in charge of the enterprise has no less than 6 years in the construction curtain wall engineering experience, and has a secondary and above registered builders (structural engineers) practice qualifications or intermediate and above professional technical titleskind);

(2) Enterprises have no less than 5 people engaged in construction curtain wall engineering professional and technical personnel (the majors they have learned are architectural structures, mechanical categories).Among them, there are no less than 3 people in mechanical majors, no less than 2 people in the construction structure, and have been engaged in the construction curtain wall for more than 3 years, participating in the completion of construction engineering (design or construction with a single Building curtain wall area of no less than 3,000 Square meters (design or constructionOr design and construction integration) No less than 1 item;

(3) The enterprise has no less than 5 professional and technical personnel who have the qualifications of registered construction engineers (structural engineers and project managers).

3. Technical equipment and management level

(1) The necessary technical equipment and fixed workplace;

(2) It has a complete quality management system and runs well.With technology, security, operation, personnel, finance, archives and other management systems.

3. Contracting business scope

(1) Enterprises that have obtained the construction and construction qualifications of the construction curtain wall project can engage in the integrated project of consulting, design, construction and design and construction of construction curtain wall projects in various construction projects.Items

(2) Enterprises that obtain first -level qualifications to undertake the scale of the Building curtain wall project are not limited;

(3) Enterprises that obtain secondary qualifications can bear construction projects with a single Building curtain wall of the single building.

Fourth, attachment

(1) Enterprises applying for secondary qualifications to be promoted to first -level qualifications. There should be no violations of laws and regulations in the past two years, no quality and safety responsibility accidents;

(2) Units that have obtained the "Certificate of Building curtain wall engineering design and Construction Qualification Certificate".

(3) Newly established enterprises can only apply for secondary, except for the net assets in "Enterprise Credit" (2) and (3) and (4) without requirements, other conditions should meet the requirements of the secondary qualification standards;

(4) This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Construction;

(5) This standard will be implemented from September 1, 2006.

1. How to knot the fish line

The fishing fish line is one of the fishing equipment. When tie the fish line, it is necessary to learn the correct knot method. There are many ways to knot the fish line. Take Luya fish line as an example. The following three types areThe

1. Single -knotting method

(1) First round a line.

(2) Four laps of section of the two lines in the line of the line.

(3) The first line knot is formed by tightening the line head, and then the line knot is played in the same way according to the same method.

(4) Tighten the line to turn the coil into a line and cut off the remaining line.

2. The tie of this knot

(1) Pass the line through the hook eyes.

(2) Pull the line end and wear it under the line.

(3) Wrap the thread into a coil, around the surroundings.

(4) Pull the circuit end and pass through the front coil.

(5) Put the line end between the lower coils.

(6) Tighten and cut off the remaining line.

3. Live binding method

(1) First make a single line, keep the order knot into a round hole, and then penetrate the line head into the Luya ring.

(2) Putting the round holes formed by the line head into the single knot will gradually reduce the single knot.

(3) Then knot the line head along the original line.

(4) Get away the two knots and make the distance between the two knots about 1 cm and cut off the excess line head.

2. What are the precautions for the fishing line for knotting?

1. Different knot methods are suitable for different fish feelings. Generally, you can catch four to six line knots to catch almost all the fish species of fish. The key is to use it proficient in the use of the situation.

2. Be careful to knot caution, because they often become the key to Running fish.If the line knot is not correct, cut it directly, and then knot it again.

3. Avoid moving in the process of fishing.If it is a thin fishing line, carefully pull the fishing line during the knot.

4. If it is a thicker fishing line, pay attention to the firmly connecting heavy objects such as fishing hooks, Luya or lead pendants during the knot.

5. Try to use dry hands to knot, instead of contacting the fishing line with hands stained with seawater or small gravel.

3. Is it easy to break the fishing fish line?

The fishing fish line is knotted. If the knot is incorrect, it is easy to cause disconnection.

During the knot, the two lines are twisted with each other to produce the cutting effect. The knot is too tight to easily flatten the fishing line, and the flat line is easy to break.The quality of the fish line is not much related to the quality, nobleness, and service life. It is purely a problem after knotting.

Astronomical Telescope purchase guide

Types of astronomical Telescope

The Telescope is usually focused by a telephoto mirror (main mirror) to focus the image of the celestial body, and then uses a (short focus) eyepiece to enlarge this image near the focus.Generally speaking, Telescope can be divided into three categories: refraction Telescope, reflecting Telescope and refractive Telescope.

Refractor

Generally, the objective mirror that reflects the Telescope is composed of two different discounted glass lenses to reduce the color difference and make the red and blue images gather on the same focus. This type of lens is called Achromatic lens.Strictly speaking, there is still a very lilac halo in the periphery of such lens images.

a. Blu -ray focus.

b. Huang Guang's focus.

c. Red light focus.

The color difference between the red, green and blue color of the Telescope.

In order to reduce the spherical difference of the lens, the comets and the AstigMatism can generally increase the focus ratio, so the caliber and focal length ratio (coke) of the longoscope generally reflect the at least from F10 toBetween F16.

The higher -level lens is composed of three different discounted glass lenses or made of lower -color (ED) or even fluorite crystals to eliminate the color difference between red, green and blue.These lenses are called apochromat.Their caliber and focal length can reach F5.The length of the Telescope is shortened and the weight is light, it is more convenient to use, but the price is very expensive.

Because the refraction of the Tube can be sealed, it is more convenient for maintenance, and it is more suitable for moving to the wild without being affected by the airflow of the lens barrel.

Because the lens is composed of at least two pieces of glass, the cost (four mirrors) is more expensive than the reflected Telescope with the same caliber.The small astronomical Telescope sold on the market is mostly refracted Telescope.

Reflector

The reflection Telescope is to focus on a concave glass plated (usually aluminum) plating (usually aluminum). Because the focus is in front of the mirror, it must be used to reflect the image outside the lens barrel with another mirror before the focus of the object mirror, and then use the eyepiece to put it large.

There is no color difference in the reflection Telescope (not scattered because it does not need to be through the glass), but there are other types of aberration.If the reflection concave surface is grinded into a parabolic, the spherical difference can be eliminated, but it is seriously affected by the comet shape, so the edge part is still loose.

At present, there are two types of small and medium -sized reflecting Telescopes:

Newtonian

A 45 -degree plane mirror (Flat or Diagonal) with a piece of light shaft is used as a secondary mirror to reflect the image to the front side of the lens barrel.This structure is the simplest, the image contrast is high, and the most people are selected. Usually Job is between F4 and F8.

Cassegrain (Cassegrain)

Use a Convex Hyperboloid as a secondary mirror. Before the focus of the main mirror, the light is gathered, and the main mirror is focused on the main mirror through the main mirror.Because after a reflection, the lens barrel can be shortened, but the field of view is narrow, like a lot of dispersion than Newton. At the same time, there are a little Curvature of Field.

Because the reflective Telescope only needs to grind a optical surface, in terms of the same caliber, the price is cheap than the refractive mirror.Ordinary astronomical enthusiasts have a lot of 150mm and 200mm caliber, and reflex Telescope can be worn at the same time.

Because the lens cylinder cannot be sealed, the main mirror is very easy to be affected by smoke and dust, so it is difficult to maintain. At the same time, it is greatly affected by the temperature and the airflow of the inside of the lens.The light shaft is also quite complicated, and it is not convenient to bring.In addition, the diffraction effect of the auxiliary mirror seat will make the star image of the light stars appear a cross or star -shaped diffraction pattern, and also reduces the image contrast.

CatAdioptric Telescope

This is a type of Telescope that uses the principles of refraction and reflection at the same time. It was used as astronomical photography by Schmidt in 1930.The main thing is to use a spherical concave mirror as the main mirror to eliminate the comet shape difference, and at the same time, a non -spherical lens (ASPHERIC INS) is appropriately placed in front of the main mirror as a correction mirror to correct the spherical difference between the main mirror.In this way, you can get a wide -torment (up to 40 to 50 degrees) fields without the common spherical difference between the spherical difference between the common reflex mirror. Only the mild color difference made of the correction mirror.The Schmidt Telescope for photography can be very small (usually from F1 to F3, minimum can reach 0.6), so it is very suitable for Hoshino and Nebula photography.However, the only disadvantage is that there is a certain venue, so the negative must also be changed to adapt (undertake with a special negative seat), and at the same time, the negative is placed in the long -distance lens barrel, so it can only be put in.

Generally, astronomical enthusiasts use Schmidt-Cassegrain (Schmidt-Cassegrain). It uses a convex mirror as a secondary mirror to gather the light before the main mirror focus.after.Because of a reflection, the lens barrel can be shortened, usually between F6.4 and F10.

In addition to the Schmidt-Cassegrain, there are also Maksutov designs.A round hole focuses on the main mirror.In recent years, the popular spinning Telescope such as "Celestron" and "Meade" are composed of Schmidt-Cassegrain principles, while "Questar", "Meade" ETX series and "Intes" use Mark Su.The principle of Toff.

The mirror body of the refractive Telescope is short, the focal length, and the focus is behind the main mirror, and the field of view is quite flat.In terms of contrast).

one,The role of Potassium fertilizer

Applying Potassium fertilizer can promote the photosynthesis of crops, promote the results of crops and improve the ability of crops to resist cold and disease, thereby improving agricultural output.Potassium exists in the form of free potassium ions in the plant, which can promote the metabolism of carbohydrates and nitrogen; control and regulate the activity of various mineral nutrients; activate the activity of various enzymes; control nutrients and water transportation; maintain the cells of cells; maintain the cells of cellsInternal pressure to prevent the plant from withering.

1. Promote the activation of enzymes

The activation of enzymes is one of the most important functions in potassium in plant growth. It has been found that potassium is the activator of more than 60 enzymes.therefore.Many of the metabolism processes in potassium and plants are closely related, such as: photosynthesis, breathing, and carbohydrates, fat, protein synthesis, etc.

2. Promote the transportation of photosynthesis and optical products

Improve photosynthetic efficiency; regulate the opening and closing of the gas holes, control the entry and exit of Co and water; Promote the synthesis of carbohydrates and accelerate the flow of photosynthesis products.

3. Promote protein synthesis

The intake and operation of the key ingredients of protein synthesis; is closely related to the synthesis process of protein.

4. Enhance the anti -reverse nature of plants

Potassium can reduce the soluble amino acids and monosaccharides in the body, increase cellulose, and thick cell walls; potassium accumulates the accumulation of crop root system to produce permeable pressure gradients to enhance water absorption; potassium can cause the crop blade air to close the air pores to prevent water from water prevention loss when drought and water deficiency.EssenceTherefore, potassium can enhance the ability of disease resistance, cold, drought resistance, anti -falling and salt resistance of crops.

5. Improve the quality of crop products

increase the protein content of grain crops, the crude fat and palm acid content of oil crops, the content of starch and sugar content of potato and sugar crops; increase the length, strength, and fineness of the fiber crops and cotton fiber;The content of vitamin C; improving the shape, size, color and flavor of fruit vegetables, and enhance their storage resistance.

2. agricultural application of potassium Fertilizers

When crops lack Potassium fertilizer, they will get "cartilage disease" and easily fall down. They are often called "quality elements" by germs of pests.Its role in the quality of crop products is: can promote the use of nitrogen better, increase the content of protein, and promote the production of sugar and starch;Beautiful color; increase the oil content of oil crops and increase the content of vitamin C in fruits; Accelerate the maturity of fruits, vegetables and other crops to make the maturity period consistent;storage and transportation period; Add the strength, length, and fineness of cotton and hemp crops, and the purity of the color.

What are the types of potassium Fertilizers?

Potassium fertilizer can be divided into two categories: industrial Potassium fertilizer and other potassium Fertilizers.Among them, Potassium fertilizer of industrial industrial is: potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, potassium magnesium Fertilizer, potassium and calcium Fertilizer.Other potassium Fertilizers include plant ash, kiln ash Potassium fertilizer, organic Potassium fertilizer, etc.

1. Potater sulfate Fertilizer

Potater sulfate Fertilizer generally refers to potassium sulfate magnesium Fertilizer.Contains K2O 50%to 52%, easy to dissolve in water, physiological acidic Fertilizers.After the soil is applied, the potassium is ionic, and part of the plants are directly absorbed and utilized, and part of it is exchanged with the cation on the soil gum, and calcium sulfate and sulfuric acid are generated.Therefore, after a large amount of potassium sulfate is applied to prevent soil plate knots, on the one hand, Organic fertilizer can be applied. On the one hand, lime can be applied to neutralize acidity.

The role of potassium sulfate Fertilizers is based on base Fertilizer and topdressing.Because potassium moves in the soil, it is more suitable for basic Fertilizer.When topdressing, we must apply the dense layer of the crop system.Potassium sulfate is particularly effective for sulfur crops such as the family. Due to its high price, farmers can choose potassium chloride as much as possible in addition to avoiding chlorine crops.

2. Potassium chlorine

Contains K2O 50%~ 60%, easy to dissolve in water, fast Fertilizer, physiological acid Fertilizer.Calcium chloride will be generated in a neutral soil, causing calcium loss; calcium carbonate in lime soil reacts with potassium chloride, which can neutralize and release effective calcium; hydrochloric acid will be generated in acidic soil.Enhance the soil acidity, increase acid and aluminum poisoning, and use lime and Organic fertilizer.

Potassium chloride can be used as base Fertilizer, topdressing, not suitable for planting, and should not be applied to avoid chlorine -alkali -alkali land.Cotton -and -linen fiber crops can improve products and quality.

3. Potassium

It contains 13.5%nitrogen nitrogen and 46%of potassium containing potassium. It is a chemical neutral and physiological neutral Fertilizer. It has good water -soluble and is applied for a long time to cause soil acidification.It is suitable for the expansion of vegetables and fruit trees to the early stages of coloring, which can promote the expansion of pulp cells.Because it contains nitrate nitrogen, it is not recommended to use it in the later stages of coloring, which is easy to cause returning to green.

4, grass and gray

It contains a variety of plant gray elements, including: potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, iron, silicon and other plant nutrient elements.Among them, potassium exists in the form of potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride, and phosphorus exists in the form of weak acid -soluble phosphorus.It belongs to alkaline Fertilizers.Do not mix with ammonium nitrogen Fertilizers.It should not be mixed with organic Fertilizers such as Fertilizer, fecal urine, and can easily cause volatilization of nitrogen.Sodium and chloride ions in the plant ash in saline -alkali land are easy to increase soil salt as Fertilizer.

Herbal ash can be used as base Fertilizer, topdressing, and planting Fertilizer.The amount of Fertilizer Fertilizer is 50 ~ 100 kg/mu, as the amount of Fertilizer is 50 kg/mu. It can be mixed with 2 to 3 times before application.Nutrition solution is sprayed with leaf surface.

5. Phosphorus and Potassium fertilizer

The potassium ore containing (phosphorus) is broken to about 100 mesh, and the balance of the sieve is less than 15%.It is an auxiliary material, and its proportion is mineral powder: auxiliary materials = 85 95: 2.2 5; the biochemical reaction is performed in the reactor after the ingredients.After the reaction is completed, the granules can be made according to the distribution ratio.

6, potassium dihydrogen phosphate

After the potassium dihydrogen phosphate melts, it is a transparent liquid, and it is opaque glass -shaped after curing.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is an efficient phosphorus and potassium Compound fertilizer, which contains about 52%of phosphorus and about 34%of potassium.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is suitable for various types of economic crops, including food, fruits, vegetables, etc., which can generally be used before and after flowering, color period, and fruit picking.After the use of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, it has a significant increase in crop yield, improvement of crop quality, and improving crop resistance and disease -resistant pests.

Is it good to wear polarizing mirrors for fishing?

Polarized glasses are generally wearing in summer. summer sunlight is spicy. Wearing polarizers can help reduce the stimulation of the sun and sunlight to our eyes.

Of course, don't rely on polarizing mirrors to protect the glasses. Try to choose the position of the backlight or side backlight. The fishing time is easy to arrange before 10 am, after 4 o'clock in the afternoon, or at night.Avoid direct sunlight, which is good for the protection of the eyes.If you fish all over the weather, you must wear a hat when you go out, and then with a pair of Sunglasses, the hat is better to choose a long sun hat with a long hat tongue, and it is advisable to use white; Sunglasses should be green, UVA, UVB in UVA, UVA, UVB in ultraviolet raysThe ingredients are harmful to the eye, so you should choose a Sunglasses with good texture.When buying Sunglasses, pay attention to its optical flux and filtering UVA, UVB and other coefficient indicators.In addition, wearing glasses is also good for preventing the eyes from air dust and flying insects.

What are the effects of fishing Polarized glasses

1,Suitable for summer use.In summer, the sunlight is relatively spicy. Under the shining of the water waves, the eyes will often be unable to open. At this time, if you wear fishing Polarized glasses, you can avoid the occurrence of the eyes of the eyes.

2,Protect the eyes.Whenever you fish under the sun, the ultraviolet rays in the sun, etc. can cause certain damage to the eyes. fishing Polarized glasses can effectively avoid these light. Some studies have pointed out that fishing Polarized glasses can block 90 % of ultraviolet rays and avoid the eyes of the eyes.harm.

3,Observe to observe floats.When the wind is windy, it will affect the water waves, and it will also show people a certain pressure on the float. Polarized glasses clamp a special filter film in the lens to filter out the dazzling strong light of reflection.After wearing it, it can facilitate people to observe the float and avoid missing any fishing information.

How to choose a fishing Polarized mirror -specific glasses

1. Consider the color of the lens

Amber and brown lenses are the most suitable.In the autumn and winter seasons, the light is relatively weak. In the case of cloudy, rainy, snowy, snowy, cloudy, heavy fog, etc., the visibility of the weather is low.Clear; the light in spring and summer is relatively strong. When the sun is fierce, brown lenses can block the light to prevent the eyes from being damaged.

The current polarizer generally has gray -green lenses, bronze (reddish) color lenses, and yellow lenses.The light transmission rate is gradually increasing.The gray -green lens is suitable for use when the light is the strongest, such as noon and summer.

Bronze lenses are suitable for use when cloudy or light is not very strong. At the same time, bronze lenses have a clear effect. It is particularly sensitive to the color of the red system. It is also a lens color that has gradually begun to become popular in recent years.And deep bronze, the clarity of light bronze is better.

The yellow lens is suitable for the morning, evening, rainy days, and night use, which mainly plays a role in glory. At the same time, it can avoid the damage caused by the blue light during the night fishing.

In addition, there is a yellow polarizer in the yellow film, which means that the light increases and the effect of polarizing. This kind of lens is particularly suitable for use in the morning, evening, and cloudy days.The effect is very good, but it is not suitable for night use, which will appear darker.

2. Suitable for yourself

Before selecting fishing Polarized glasses, you should try to wear it, let your eyes feel the effects brought by different lenses, and then make choices.

In the hot summer fishing, there is a good polarizing mirror that can protect our eyes well. It can also be seen more clearly the signal of the water buoy in the water, especially fishing in the dense gaps of the aquatic plants. You can see more clearly.Location.Polarized lenses are made based on the polarization principle of light. It has a unique function of eliminating glare. It has special effects on the fishermen, which can improve vision and add fishing fun.

Disclaimer: The above method stems from the index of the program system or the sharing of netizens. It is for your reference only and does not represent the research perspective of this website. It proves that it is valid. Please pay attention to the authenticity and authority of the source of the content of the content.Apply to delete & gt; & gt; error correction & gt; & gt;