1. The benefits of covering vegetable cultivation

1. Prevent the impact of heavy rain

After covering the shade net, the heavy rain can be turned into small rain to prevent the direct impact of rainwater on seeds, seedlings, plants and soil. Therefore, the coverage of the shade net can play a role in improving the seedling rate, protecting the seedlings and preventing soil plate knots, avoiding heavy rain pairs.The mechanical damage caused by plants and promote the growth of plants, which is the main reason why summer and autumn covered with cultivation leafy dishes.

2. Prevent the radiation of strong light

After covering the shade net, it can prevent strong light radiation, which can greatly reduce the rate of sowing or transplanting the seedlings or transplants in the summer and autumn high temperature and strong light season.At the same time, after covering the shade net, it is also conducive to the photosynthesis of vegetables and improves yield and quality.

3. Reduce temperature

In the southern region, due to the effect of high temperature in summer, it is extremely unfavorable to the growth and development of plants. After covering the Shading net, it can reduce the temperature in the network, create a more suitable temperature environment, avoid the adverse effects of high temperature on plant crops, and promote the promotionThe growth and development of plants are conducive to the potential for production.

4. Reduce evaporation, moisturizing and drought -proof

The covering net covering cultivation vegetables can not only greatly reduce Solar radiation, but also reduce the evaporation of soil moisture. It can reduce the amount of water evaporation by about 60 % -70 % than the open field cultivation, thereby reducing the number of watering and irrigation, increasing the high temperature and drought seasonThe moisturizing ability of the soil is conducive to plant growth.

5. Insulation and cold, anti -frost

In addition to the cultivation of summer anti -thermal and rainfall coverage, the Shading net can also be used for early spring prevention and night cream, late autumn prevention early frost, autumn and winter anti -freezing damage and other coverage cultivation.It is used when the temperature is low in winter. When it encounters severe frost, it can delay the occurrence of frozen merging process, reduce frost damage, and make the crops safely overwinter.

6. Reduce disease

After covering the Shading net, it can significantly reduce the occurrence of virus disease, especially the aphid avoidance and anti -virus disease covering the silver -gray shade net. Generally, its anti -prevention efficiency can reach more than 85 %.

7. Improve the survival rate of seedlings and the quality of seedlings

The high temperature and strong light in the south in the south make seedlings more difficult, the survival rate of seedlings is low, and the seedlings of seedlings are poor. In the summer, the use of Shading nets is covered with cultivation seedlings, which can improve the quality and survival rate of seedlings.20 % -80 %, comprehensive indicators such as plant height, development, leaf number, stem thickness, and single plant weight can be increased by 30 % -50 %.

8. increase output and relieve the off -season

In the southern area, summer and autumn are affected by tropical cyclone, high temperature, high humidity, high temperature drought, and strong light. It is extremely unfavorable to plant growth and development. It is difficult to produce and decline in production. It is the main reason for the summer and autumn season.The use of Shading coverage can effectively solve the problem. Generally, it can increase production by 20 % -50 % or more, and the income increase of about 30 % -100 %.Therefore, the coverage of the shade net can increase the variety of market color, improve production and quality, and alleviate the tension of production and supply of off -season production and supply have important practical significance.

9. Easy to use, save labor, reduce production costs

Compared with the traditional coverage materials, the Shading net covers the advantages of high strength, aging resistance, light texture, convenient use of transportation, low labor strength, etc., and also has provincial labor, low energy consumption, low cost, high yield, high -efficiency, high -efficiency, efficient, high -efficiency, and efficient efficiency.Features.

2. How good is the Shading rate of the vegetable Shading net?

When buying a Shading net, we must first clarify how high the Shading rate of your shed.Under the direct sunlight in summer, the strength of the light can reach 60,000 to 100,000 Lax. For vegetables, the light saturation point of most vegetables is 3-60,000 tolex.Lax, 55,000 cucumbers, and 70,000 Lax's light saturation points of tomatoes.Excessive light will affect the optical fitting effect of vegetables, leading to the absorption of carbon dioxide, excessive breathing strength, etc., and the phenomenon of optical "lunch break" in natural conditions is created.Therefore, the use of a suitable Shading metering net can not only reduce the temperature in the shed around noon, but also improve the optical efficiency of vegetables, and get two birds with one stone.

The black Shading metering rate is high, which can reach 70%. Using a black sunshade net, the light strength does not meet the normal growth needs of tomatoes, which can easily cause tomato to grow long and lack of photosynthetic products.Most of the silver -gray Shading mesh is 40%~ 45%, and the light transmission rate is 40,000 to 50,000 Lax, which can meet the normal growth needs of tomatoes.So tomatoes are best covered with silver -gray Shading nets.You can choose a Shading net with a high light saturation point with peppers. For example, the shielding rate is 50%-70%to ensure that the light in the shed is about 30,000 Lax;For the type of vegetables, you should choose a Shading net with a low shielding rate, such as 35%-50%of the shielding rate, and ensure that the light in the shed is 50,000 Lax.

1. What facilities and equipment do hydroponic vegetables need

The cultivation and planting of hydroponic vegetables are usually carried out in the greenhouse.In order to ensure the normal and healthy growth of vegetables, light adjustment facilities, ventilation facilities, and temperature and humidity adjustment facilities must be provided in the greenhouse greenhouse.Anti -insects are also hung in summer to prevent insect pests.

The composition of hydroponic facilities and equipment is composed of nutritional solution grooves, seedling equipment, cultivation pools and cultivation plates, liquid adding systems, drainage systems, circular systems, etc.

1. Nutritional tank

Nutritional solution grooves are used to store nutrients. Generally, bricks and cement are made into water sinks.The specific width of the nutritional groove can be flexibly designed according to the greenhouse terrain.

2. seedling equipment

The seedling equipment is used to sow and seedlings, consisting of seedlings and breeding matrix.The seedlings are mostly made of plastic with flat bottoms without leakage. The plate is 60 cm, 30 cm wide, and 3 cm high.The breeding matrix can choose a sponge block or a degradable rock wool block with a large porosity.

3. Cultivation pool and cultivation board

The cultivation pool is the main site of vegetable growth and the main part of hydroponic facilities.vegetables are planted on the cultivation board and placed in the cultivation pool.The root of the vegetables obtains moisture, nutrients, and oxygen from the nutrient solution in the pool, thereby meeting the physiological needs of normal growth.

The cultivation pool is generally made of cement, and its shape and size are different depending on the types of different vegetables. The cultivation ponds for cultivation of leafy dishes are generally large, up to 100 meters long, up to tens of meters wide, and the specific size will be.Depending on the area of the greenhouse.The cultivation pool of fruit dishes is generally smaller, with a length of 3 meters and a width of 1.5 meters.Both cultivation pools are rectangular, and the pool depth requires 30 cm.In addition, the cultivation pond also has ditch types and pipeline types, but these two cultivation pools are mostly used for small -scale production and viewing purposes.

The cultivation board is also known as the implant plate. It is used to fix the root of vegetables to prevent dust invasion, cover the light of light, and prevent the algae from generating and maintaining the temperature of the nutrient solution in the pool.The cultivation board is generally made of polystyrazene board. According to the types of vegetables and the needs of different growth periods, their specifications and sizes are also different. Generally, they are 80 to 100 cm, 50 to 70 cm wide, and 3 cm thick.The planted pores with a diameter of 3 cm are divided into 288 pores, 99 -hole boards, 72 -hole boards, 24 -hole boards, 18 -hole boards, 6 -hole boards, etc. according to the hole distance.

4. Add liquid, drainage system and nutritional fluid circulation system

The governance of hydroponic facilities is generally pumped into the cultivation pool by the pump.The pool is kept 5 to 8 cm deep water Levels, and the facilities that cultivate the pond adding liquid are composed of iron or plastic -made liquid addresses and plastic -made liquid support.

The nutrient solution was pulled out of the pump from the nutritional groove, and the liquid coefficient and the liquid branch Tube entered the cultivation pond, which was absorbed by the root of the vegetables.The nutrient solution higher than the ductal is flowing back to the nutritional groove through the drainage groove to complete a cycle.

2. Homemade hydroponic vegetable planting equipment

Materials: PVC water pipe diameter 110 series, diameter 75 series, 50 series diameter, 110 rpm 75 supplement core, 75 ride 50 supplement core, 110 corners

Bend, 50 corner bend, PVC glue, a bucket or water tank above 30L, a submersible pump (over 2.5 meters), silicone Tube, throat hoop, throat,, throat,, throat,

Timing plug.

tools: saw, electric diamond, open -hole, tape measure, marking pen

Production process:

1. The place where the hydroponic pipeline is placed must be sufficient, and it is best to facing south.Observe the light situation and place hydroponic pipelines in places suitable for planting.There are many forms of hydroponic equipment, including newspaper shelves and box hydroponic devices. Although the structure is different, the principle is that the root system of plants extends into the water to absorb nutrient solution.The root of the plant in the system.Some special plants, such as: the roots of water spinach and green dill are not high in the oxygen content in the nutrient solution, and can also be cultivated by static water.But in general, the flowing nutrients are better, suitable for most vegetables and plants.

2. You can find a lot of hydroponic equipment on Taobao and choose the appropriate direct order.But if you want a set of hydroponic systems that are suitable for your own, you can only DIY.Measure the size and calculate the length of the PVC pipeline you need to purchase the material.It is recommended to use a PVC Tube with a diameter of 110mm. In addition to planting vegetables with leafy vegetables, it can also be used to plant eggplant vegetables such as Pepper, tomato, okra, and strawberries.Even in the 110 pipes, the developed fruits and fruits of Cucumber and loofah have succeeded.The pipelines with a diameter of 75mm are only suitable for planting leafy vegetables, such as lettuce, cabbage, spinach, coriander, etc.

3. When designing, pay attention to the 110 pipes and finally convert it into a 50 Tube with two times. The planting pipes are connected with a 50 -sized Tube.This is to retain a certain depth nutrient solution in the planting pipe, so that the root system of the plant is always soaked in the nutrient solution.If you use only one time to make the core from 110 to 75 sizes, it will only be less nutrients staying in the pipeline. When the root system of the plant is underdeveloped in the early stage, it may not be a liquid surface.The entire hydroponic pipeline should form a circular system.The submersible pump in the bucket pumps the nutrient solution to the water inlet, and the overflowing port will circulate a circle of nutrients and then flow back to the bucket.When designing, it is necessary to consider factors such as the direction of the water flow, the level of the level, the flow, and the low -level pipelines overflowing.4. Measted the size of the pipeline, and after the material is good, use an electric drill and add a hole to drill the pores of the planting basket on the pipe.The size of the opening device is determined according to the size of the planting basket.The previous spacing of each planting hole is 20cm, which can meet the growth requirements of most vegetables.You can adjust the hole distance to 10cm, so that a lot of space can be saved during the seedling period. After the vegetables grow up, the middle vegetable seedlings will be kept at a reasonable distance.5. Pipes and accessories that are meticulous with the size of the size are bonded with PVC glue. Pay attention to as much glue as much as possible to avoid leakage.After sticking to it, you can test the water 24 hours. Observe whether the water flow is normal, and whether there is water leakage and overflow.If the design is reasonable and the construction is carefully, there should not be too much problems in testing water.

6. After the water test is successful, you can add a timer to the power supply of the submersible pump.Because plants do not need too much oxygen at night, they can be set to work for the diving pump from 7 am to 7 days in the evening. After 7 o'clock in the evening, it can be circulated once a hour and a cycle for 10 minutes.

The preservation period of common vegetable seeds

1. Tomato seeds.It can generally be stored for 3 to 4 years, and the longest does not exceed 4 years, otherwise the bud rate will be reduced.The simple method of identifying the old and new seeds: new seeds have hairs and tomato flavors; old seeds have fewer Skin and less fur or fall off.

2. Cucumber seeds.It can generally be stored for 2 to 3 years, exceeding this period, and the germination rate generally decreases by 20%to 30%.

3. Eggplant seeds.storage time is generally within 6 years.The exterior Skin of the new seeds is shiny, and the luster decreases differently due to the different storage period.

4. Chili seeds.Can not exceed 3 years.The seed germination rate of 2 years was reduced by about 10%, and the storage of 3 years was reduced by about 30%.The new seeds are golden yellow and the seeds are apricot yellow.

5. Onion seeds.summer planting onions, applying new species.If the aged species is used, the green onions will draw the seeds.spring green onions can be used in the first year.

6. Celery seeds.It can be stored for 3 years, and the seeds cannot be used in that year. It should be used for 1 year.

7, leek seeds.The new species of the year was good, and the germination rate was reduced in 2 years.

8. Cabbage seeds.It can be stored for 2 years and can be planted in that year.For more than 2 years, the seedling rate is reduced by 20%to 30%, and the disease resistance is reduced.

9. Coriander seeds.It should be used after 1 year of storage, and the storage time should not exceed 3 years, otherwise the fragrance will be reduced.

Vegetable seed storage method

1. First of all, the harvested seeds should be screened and picked out the grain, soaked, soaked, and cracked granules. Such seeds are easy to turn back to deteriorate, which will affect other seeds.Full seeds.

2. Try to dry the filtering high -quality seeds. The seeds must be dry and dry, otherwise it will be easy to get back and mildew.Some families without agricultural experience have no judgment experience of the dryness of the seeds. These families may have electronic scale. Therefore, they can take some samples to weigh every day. When the weight of the seeds is not alleviated, it proves that the seeds are dry enough to dry enoughEssenceOf course, the seeds cannot be exposed, otherwise it will affect the germination rate.

3. After the seeds are dried, in order to prevent insects from the seeds, the seeds need to be packed into a sealed container such as jar, sealed Bags.Although the seeds are dried, they are still breathing and their ability to live. Therefore, the container cannot be completely seal and impermeable. Otherwise, the seeds cannot breathe and lose their vitality and die.The container should be placed in a cool and ventilated place.

4. In order to be able to completely prevent insects, you can mix the seeds and insect -proof drugs. Generally, you can use the bosom spirit for ant -driven ants sold in the market.Mix the anticardy -proof medicine before being packed in the container, and mix the medicine evenly.

5. Because the pores are opened for the container, the seeds in the container are still likely to absorb moisture. Therefore, in order to prevent seedlin, you can go to the market to buy some desiccant packets and put it into the container to reach the moisture -proof effect.If you can't buy a desiccant, you can also use breathable paper to use a little lime instead of the desiccant packet.

6. Another trick is a good way to save the seeds in the ancients: on the sunny day, choose a wall that is good, avoid rain and the sun, find some rotten mud, mix the seeds into the mud, and then apply the mud to the wall to the wall., Will be planted in the coming year, and then buckle the mud from the wall.This method not only prevent insects, but also prevent mildew.

1. Is the Nutritional soil for planting vegetables?

Nutritional native dishes are not poisonous.Nutritional soil dishes are not poisonous. The composition of nutrient soil is perlite, vermiculite and Fertilizer.It can provide sufficient nutrients for the soil. Vegetable leaves will grow more green. Planes can strengthen the breathability of the soil, strengthen the absorption of the roots of the vegetable leaves, drainage the rainy season, and effectively promote the growth of vegetables.

When the Nutritional soil is used, it needs to be stirred with the soil after use.Put the Nutritional soil into the bottom of the Flower pot and cover a layer of thin sand to avoid direct contact with the seeds and vegetable seedlings.The nutrient soil is sufficient, and the use of directly can cause burns at the root of vegetable leaves.After planting vegetables, watering is required to promote the absorption of the root.

When planting vegetables indoors, the soil needs to be guaranteed. The soil contains a large amount of bacteria and heavy metal substances, which will breed a lot of bacteria.After soaking the soil with potassium permanganate solution, it is necessary to use sterilization and disinfection treatment, and use some larger containers to meet the growth space of vegetables.

When planting vegetables, it is necessary to ensure that the sun is sufficient, and the vegetables can be maintained on the balcony.Insufficient light, the leaves of the vegetables grow slowly, the leaves become dry, apply fertilization in time, and make a good nutrient supplement for the soil.vegetables need to be watered in time to ensure the moistness of the soil and make up for water to replenish in order to promote the growth of vegetables.

2. Can vegetables only use Nutritional soil?

If it is a special Nutritional soil for vegetables, then vegetables can also be used to use Nutritional soil directly.However, most of them are general nutrients on the market, so Nutritional soil dishes cannot be used alone.Nutritional soil was originally used for flowers and grass. It contains a Chemical Fertilizer with high nutritional ingredients. Some alkali is relatively strong. It is not suitable for seed growth to germinate, or tender seedlings. It is not easy to burn the seedlings.Nutritional soil should avoid direct contact with vegetable seedlings, otherwise it will cause roots.

three,Nutritional soilWhy plant vegetables, vegetable seedlings will die

Nutrition soil can make plants stronger and produce more vegetables.This is because the Nutritional soil is fertilized by scientific formula, and the nutrition inside is completely reasonable.This is like breeding households to gain weight faster than feeding livestock and poultry fed with feed.Due to the configuration of Nutritional soil, it costs more time and work. Generally, Nutritional soil is only used for vegetable seedlings.Most of the dishes caused by Nutritional soil dishes are due to the problem of fertilization and watering.

How to grow tomato seeds to grow tomato seeds for a few days to germinate

How to grow tomato seeds

The small tomato seeds that have been dried on the paper will be exposed to the sun for a day before planting (the germs and viruses are eliminated, and the germination rate is increased), and then the seeds that have been dumped into pieces are scattered into pellets.

This is the key step of tomato seeds that cannot be omitted.

Turn the rake flat and the sun, rich in humus, fertile Fertilizer and loose seedlings "beds", and then lay a layer (20 mm thickness) on it.

First spray the water in the seedling bed, then sprinkle the small tomato seeds evenly on the seedbed, and then support the arc -shaped bamboo skeleton to cover the plastic film, and use stones and soil pressure to be surrounded by the surrounding area (moisturizing and insulation)Essence

How many days do tomato seeds germinate?After 3-5 days (temperature factors), the seeds will sprout. When the embryo leaves grow, they should open a plastic film on the morning of the day to change the fresh air for them.

When the true leaves appear, they should carefully spray the light feces urine and Fertilizer with a romance pot.

When the soil in the cultivation bed is dehydrated, it is necessary to supplement it with a barrel in time.

In this way, you can transplant it in the planting field without a month of operation (use a flat shovel to cut one inch of thickly cultivated soil to take the seedlings, and the soil transplants will return early).

Many people growing tomatoes are not very good. They waste a lot of manpower and material resources. At this time, you need to learn more about tomato cultivation technology. Speaking of tomato cultivation technology, Xiaobian is the expert in this area.Let me introduce the tomato cultivation technology.

Tomato cultivation technology

1. For environmental conditions

Temperature: Tomatoes have strong adaptability to temperature and can grow at 10-30 C temperature.There are certain differences in temperature requirements at different fertility stages.The optimal temperature of the seed germination is 25-30 C, the minimum temperature of the germination is 12 C, and the temperature of the seedling period is suitable during the day.

Among the tomato cultivation technology, temperature is the most critical point.

2. Main cultivation technology

1. Cultivation season: Export processing tomatoes are mostly for open field cultivation.Tomato is a vegetable crops that are not resistant to high temperature and are afraid of frosting, and are suitable for planting during a frost -free period at an average temperature of 15 C or more daily.

2. my country's region is vast, and the north -south climate is very different. Lulba planting tomatoes are generally in South China such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places. There are no frost throughout the year.

3. In summer, high temperatures are more rainy, and typhoons often have typhoons. Only autumn and winter weather is fine, sufficient light, less rain, warm climate, most suitable for planting, generally sowing from August to October, transplanting in September to October, starting in mid-November, starting in mid-November.Receive until late February of the following year.In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the frost -free period is very long and can carry two stubbles a year.spring stubble generally sowed seedlings from November to December, planted in mid-to-late March of the following year, harvested in mid-to-late May, and seedlings were pulled in mid-to-late July;Harvest in early October, and in late November.