Introduction to Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis is the genus of Orchid Phalaenopsis. It is native to the subtropical rain forest area and is an enchanting orchid.Phalaenopath's white and thick air roots are exposed around the leaves. In addition to absorbing nutrients in the air, it also has growth and photosynthesis.In the Chinese New Year, the Phalaenopsis plants were pulled out of the leaf axillary, and the flowers of the flowers like butterflies danced were deeply favored by the fans of the flower.

PhalaenopsisDistributed in Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Taiwan, China.Phalaenopsis is a single -axis orchid. It only produces only one main stem and a growth point in his life. Seedling breeding mainly uses tissue cultivation, sterile sow breeding, and flower stems to germination and breeding method.Phalaenopsis leaves can easily absorb Fertilizer such as Urea from the leaf surface when fertilizing the leaves.The porous medium is very important for the roots. Although it has a negative capacity, it has more advantages.In the early stage of growth, irrigation using gonorrhea or irrigation arms is very useful for crops.

Nickname

Die Orchid, Taiwan Phalaenopsis

Morphology

The Phalaenopsis is short and is often included by the leaf sheath.The leaves are slightly fleshy, often 3-4 or more, green, purple back, oval, long or sickle -shaped, long, 10-20 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, apex sharp or blunt or blunt or blunt, Base wedge -shaped or sometimes skewed, short and wide sheaths.

The inflorescence side is born on the base of the stem, with a length of 50 cm, no branches or sometimes branches; the inflorescence handle is green, 4-5 mm thick, and several scales shaped;The flowers opened from the base to the top; the ovary triangle of the bracts, 3-5 mm long; the flower stalk is green, slender, 2.5-4.5 cm long; flowers white, beautiful, long flowering; medium sepals near oval shape; medium sepals near oval shape; medium sepals are near oval shape; medium sepals are near oval shape; medium sepals are nearly oval shape;, 2.5-3 cm long, 1.4--1.7 cm wide, apex blunt, slightly narrow at the base, and mesh; side sepals crooked ovate, 2.6-3.5 cm long, 1.4-2.2 cm wide, apex blunt, base collection at the baseNarrow merged on the foot of the stamen, with a net vein;

The petal rhombus is round, 2.7-3.4 cm long, 2.4-3.8 cm wide, aperture, narrow claws at the base, with mesh veins; lips 3 cracks, bases with a length of about 7-9 mm;Side cracks are upright, ovate, 2 cm long, apex circular or sharp -tip, narrow at the base, red spots or fine stripes, and 1 yellow -meat dendritic in the intersection between the bodies on both sides and the base of the medium cracks;Diamond -shaped, 1.5-2.8 cm long, 1.4-1.7 cm wide, apex narrow and 2 sarcasters with 8-18 mm in length, wedge -shaped at the base; stretch pillars, about 1 cm long, wide stamen foot; pollen group; pollen group;Two, near -ball shape, each split is 2 pieces of large.Flower period from April to June.

variety

There are more than 70 native species in the world, but most of the native species are small and small. The Phalaenopsis, which is cultivated as a commodity, is a variety of artificial hybrid breeding.

1. Little Flower Phalaenopsis is a variant of Phalaenopsis.The flowers are slightly smaller.

2. Taiwan Phalaenopsis is a variant of Phalaenopsis.Leaves are large, flat, thick, green, and with markings.Flower diameter branches.

3. Sitto Phalaenopsis.For common species.The leaves are large, long, 70 cm long, 14 cm wide, the leaves have gray and green marks, and the leaves are purple.There are more than 170 flowers, the flower diameter is 8-9 cm, light purple, and the edges are white.spring and summer.

4. Manchu Phalaenopsis alias version of Nam.For the same common species.The leaves are 30 cm long, green, yellow in the leaves, orange -red with sepals and petals, with brown -purple horizontal lines.The lips are white, 3 cracks, the side cracks are upright, the apex is cut, the middle crack is nearly half a moon, and the central pioneers are bulging, and the dilute mastoid hair on both sides.Flower period from March to April.

5. Aford Phalaenopsis is the same common species.The leaves are 40 cm long, the main veins of the leaves are obvious, green, purple on the back of the leaves, white flowers, and green or milky yellow in the center.

6. Filipino Phalaenopsis is the same common species.The flower stem is about 60 cm long, drooping.The flowers are brown, with purple-brown horizontal stripes, flowering from May to June.

7. Western Yunnan Phalaenopsis is common species.The sepals and petals are yellow -green, the lips are purple, and the back of the base is buzzing.

Ecological habit

High temperature, high humidity, and semi -yin environment, the winter temperature is not less than 18 degrees.Because Phalaenopsis was born in the tropical rain forest area, the nature is warm and chills.The suitable growth temperature is 15-20 C, and it will stop growing below 10c in winter, and it is easy to die below 5 C.If mass production is required in all parts of Lingnan, a cold protection facilities must be implemented to implement protective cultivation.If the family is planted in small amounts, it will be safe to pass the winter when it is cold.

Phalaenopsis likes a humid and semi -overcast environment. It requires space to maintain 50 % to 70 % of humidity, and it cannot be dried too much in the pot.If you plant it on a home balcony, it is best to sprinkle the wet ground three or four times a day on your sunny day, so that its plants can absorb the evaporation water.The sun cannot be shot directly in summer and autumn.However, the morning sun should be fully used).If there are too many rainy days in spring, use a light Tube to add light at night to benefit future flowers.The fertilization method is almost the same as the cultivation dancer.

Phalaenopsis has weak resistance to diseases and insect pests. Lotomia and root rot often occur. Pesticide perbalium or Daxian Chong 1000 times solution can be used to spray once every seven or eight days and spray 3 times in a row.These medicinal liquids are stained with white traces on the leaves, but you don't have to erase it to help continue to play a bactericidal effect.

Phalaenopsis efficiency and role

Viewing value

For viewing is the biggest role of Phalaenopsis. Phalaenopsis is a variety of different varieties, and the color and flower shape are different. It is the most common plant landscape in major garden scenic spots in China. It is also a common plant in parks in various places.It is the existence of these Phalaenopsis that people have no environment that I have no such beautiful.

Purify the air

Improve air quality is also an important effect of Phalaenopsis. This plant has a strong absorption and decomposition of harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene in the air.Air quality has excellent effects.

Absorb radiation

Fighting radiation is also an important role in Phalaenopsis. This plant can absorb a variety of radiation released by radiation sources such as computers, which can reduce the damage of these radiation substances to people's body. ThereforeNear the computer.

Beauty and beauty

Beauty and beauty are also an important role in Phalaenopsis. The petals of Phalaenopsis can be used for bathing, which can alleviate physical and mental fatigue. At the same time, the Outraphy orchid aroma on the Skin can be maintained for a long time.Disappearing also has a significant effect on removing the odor of the body.

Phalaenopsis method

illumination

The light that just purchased the bottle of seedlings rose slowly to 5000 LX. After the bottle was released, it was 3000 ~ 5000 LX, and entered the normal management of 5000 to 7000 LX.15000 18000 LX, the time for promoting flowers is 7000 ~ 8000 LX, and when the flower buds are germinated to 10-15 cm, the light slowly increases from 100,000 LX to 14000 LX, and the summer management slowly transitions.According to the needs of different seedlings, combined with weather conditions, the light is controlled through the contraction of the internal and external Shading nets.

Humidity/watering

Humidity requirements during nutritional growth are optimal for more than 90%, the humidity requirements during flowering treatment phase are 70-80%, and the humidity requirements after flowering are 50%.Measures such as ventilation with water curtains and spraying on ground space can regulate humidity.

temperature

Phalaenopsis is a tropical plant, and the cultivation temperature should be maintained between 15 ~ 34 C.The appropriate temperature is as follows: The growth stage is 26 ~ 27 C, and the flowering phase is 19 ~ 21 C. In order to get more flower stems, the temperature can be maintained at 18 ~ 20 C for a total of 4-8 weeks.When the light is insufficient or the temperature is too high, it should be maintained at 18 C to strengthen the urging flower (seductive flower bud).Because the growth of leaves should be maintained during the flowering period, do not have a long period of time.When the light is insufficient, if the temperature is greater than 23 C for more than 24 hours, it will cause excessive nutritional growth and lose the bud.

soil

Phalaenopsis is an epiphyseal orchid, which is attached to rocks or trunks with qi root, absorbing moisture and nutrients from the air.Therefore, plant materials are preferably loose and breathable materials.Therefore, it is best not to choose a simple surface soil or garden soil, such as water moss, bark, tree fern root, broken brick tile, coconut shell.Fiber, ceramic grains and other matters should be appropriate.The medium used in the Phalaenopsis Basin for the market is generally water moss.

Fertilize

In the peak growth season, proper water Fertilizer is appropriately increased, and the Fertilizer should not be lighter or not, a small amount, and the temperature is not fertilized when the temperature is higher than 32 C or less than 15 C.Root Fertilizer and external topical topical interaction were applied. In order to promote growth before July, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium per month were applied to general compound Fertilizers with a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 2000 times.Get liquid Fertilizer once in 15 days; after September, use 0.1%potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to apply external Fertilizer; after October, the formation of flower buds is promoted by controlling Fertilizer water.For the appropriate application of boron, zinc, iron and other micro -Fertilizers, it can also be used with 0.1%Huabao Bao 3.

Phalaenopsis Fertilizer can be used for composite Fertilizers or nitrogen Fertilizers directly.The application of Fertilizers varies from variety.If the base Fertilizer is used, the base Fertilizer must contain DOLOKAL (L3-4kg/) and PG mixture, pHThe range is 5.2 ~ 6.2, and the range of EC is 0.8 ~ 1.2ms/cm.If nitrogen Fertilizers are too high, the leaves will cause excessive growth.If the EC value is too high, the root will die.If it is too low, the plant lacks trace elements.The best way to measure the EC is to collect water discharged at the bottom after irrigation.More than 1.5ms/cm means that the medium of this basin is salted.Usually the root of the bucket is formed. At this time, the water quality of water or low EC needs to be washed.

Phalaenopsis is 2: 1: 2 Fertilizers during nutrition growth. Small and medium seedlings require Fertilizer concentration of 3000 to 7000 times, large seedlings require Fertilizer concentration of 3000 to 5000 times, and 1: 5: 2 flowering Fertilizer of 1: 5: 2 in the flowering period, concentration concentration, concentration concentrationIt is 3000 to 7000 times, and the first flower stops fertilizing.

Essential point of fertilization

Diligence is thin, the climate is not permitted, and the root circle is too humid.

When fertilizing water, keep the air flow to prevent the roots from soaking for too long, leading to suffocation. When there is still water droplets at about 4:00 pm, the leaves should be forced to ventilate.

Langen and leaves can absorb Fertilizer, and it is best to wet the orchid plant when fertilizing.

A small amount of adhesive can be added to the water -soluble Fertilizer to increase the adhesion of the Fertilizer.

Frequently Ascending problems in Phalaenopsis

Breeding method

Phalaenopsis generally uses organizational training and branching methods. However, when there is no split bud and cannot reproduce under family conditions, many flower friends are regrettable.Here I recommend a technology that uses Phalaenopsis to make reproduction.

1. Flower stalk reproduction

Cut the residual flowers on the flower stems after flowering, and pay attention to keeping the unprepared germination (about 3-4 verses); carefully remove the bracts on the buds at the top 1-2, expose the buds, be careful not to hurt the injury.And buds; take a small amount of buds (vegetable hormones) evenly on the buds;

The processed Phalaenopsis is placed in a suitable place, and the temperature is kept at 25-30 C, and the humidity is more than 75 %.After 2 to 3 months, you can grow 1-2 new flowers; when the new seedlings grow to a certain size, wrap a small amount of water moss with a thin film at the base, and the small seedlings grow 2 to 3 thick roots.At the time, you can cut it alone.

2. Organize and reproduce

Phalaenopsis is cultivated by organizational cultivation.Can be sterilized and sterilized. Under the conditions of sterile, disinfect the seeds in the butterfly fruit after disinfection in the medium bottle composed of various nutrients, and place it in the laboratory training

Raising, the number of seedlings broadcast in this method is large, the plants are strong, and the survival rate is high after transplanting.The buds of the mother plant can also be used as a breeding material. The medium placed in the bottle can make it a large amount of hyperplasia. Generally, after 70 days of indoor culture, it can produce small seedlings suitable for bottle transplanting.

Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests

1. Leaf spot disease

It mainly occurs on the leaves. Small spots appear on the leaves at the beginning of the onset. Later, it developed into a near -circular lesion. The edge of the lesions has water -stained yellow rings, and the boundary is obvious.

Prevention and control methods: Strengthen ventilation, reduce air humidity, and cut off disease leaves.During the onset, 800 times the liquid liquid of the perbalized wettable powder was sprayed with 75%of the perbalized molic powder.

2, gray mold

When low temperature and high humidity occur in spring, small brown spots are usually appeared on white flower petals, and soft rot occurs in severe cases.

Prevention and control methods: Strengthen ventilation, reduce humidity, and immediately cut off the flowers.In the early stage of the onset, a 75%methyl Bupt can be sprayed with 1000 times liquid with a wettable powder, sprayed once every 10 days, and sprayed twice in a row.

3, spotssick

It occurred in high temperature and humidity in summer and autumn, mainly in the leaves. The leaves appeared in the leaves in the early stage of the onset. They gradually expanded into large spots. The lesions were dark brown.

Control method: Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission.At the beginning of the onset, 80 times liquid was sprayed once a month per month with 10%PolIn (polymomycin).

4. Sicatin insect

The most common pests in Phalaenopsis occur in autumn and winter. The indoor ventilation is not Smooth, and dryness causes the harm of the segq.

Control method: Pay attention to ventilation. The orchid strains should not be too dense. When you find a small amount, you can use a soft cloth to wash the granular insects. Repeat several times to eradicate insect pests.

Cooler

Plants can urge flowers when they have 5 mature leaves.The plants are mature enough and after a conversion period, they naturally pull out the stems.Nature in autumn can be sold in February or March of the following year.Use temperature and light volume to control the flowering period.All buds on the flower stalk can be cut off when the last buds are removed and the other buds are open.There are usually three flower buds when cutting the stems.The second flower stalk was pulled out from the remaining flower buds, and it started from top buds.However, it takes a longer time to urge this new flower stalk, so whether this item is naturally blossomed and then drawn out the second flower stems is determined by the quality and sales plan required.In addition to the first flower stalk, as long as the plant is healthy, the second time can be generated by double flower stalks, which can be sold as cut flowers.Therefore, 2.5 flower stalks can be sold per year.After the stems are pulled out, maintain it straight to avoid changing.

Methods commonly used in the south.

Use the cold and cold climate to cultivate, and the alpine altitude is required to be above 800m to 1000m.

Use air -conditioning refrigeration and cooling to promote flower cultivation.The method of giving flowers in the previous seeds is to have a high cost of transportation, packaging and alpine management, and the damage of seedlings is serious, but the flowers are neat, the flowers grow better, the color of the latter is low, the damage is less, but the flowers are not neat and neat.EssenceUnder the condition of conditions, the south uses high mountains to urge flowers to make the product.

Phalaenopsis Nourishing

1. Phalaenopsis like a high temperature and high humidity environment. The lowest temperature during the growth period should be kept above 15 C, and the suitable growth temperature of Phalaenopsis is 16 C to 30 C.It is a period of flowering before and after the spring Festival. Proper cooling can extend the viewing time. It is best to control the temperature at night between 13 C and 16 C when blooming, but it cannot be lower than 13 C.

2,Phalaenopsis does not have a large fake ball storage nutrients. If the temperature is insufficient in the air, the leaves are wrinkled and weak.Therefore, Phalaenopsis should be cultivated in a ventilated and high -humidity environment.Phalaenopsis is suitable for 50 % to 80 % of air humidity.Phalaenopathy's new roots should be watered more during the period of extension, and watering during the dormancy after flowering.The principle of watering is to see dry and wet. When the surface of the cultivation matrix becomes dry, pour the water once again, and the water temperature should be close to the room temperature.When the indoor air is dry, spray the sprayer directly towards the leaf surface. See the wet surface, but note that the water mist should not be sprayed on the flowers during the flowering period.The tap water should be stored for more than 72 hours before pouring.

3. Although Phalaenopsis is more overwhelming, it still needs to allow Lanzhu to accept some light, especially before and after the flowering period, appropriate light can promote the blooming of Phalaenopsis, so that the flowers are gorgeous.Do not let the sun shine directly.The normal growth of Phalaenopsis requires fresh air that flows.

4,In winter, the flower bud differentiation period of Phalaenopsis, stopping fat can easily lead to no flowers or less flowers.During the growth period of spring and summer, thin liquid Fertilizer can be applied every 7 days to 10 days. Organic Fertilizers should be used, or Phalaenopsis special nutrients can be applied, but do not apply when there are flower buds, otherwise it is easy to fall into buds early.In the summer, long leaves (that is, after the flowering period), nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer can be applied.The long -term period of the stems of the flower can be used for phosphorus Fertilizer, but it should be thin, about every 2 to 3 weeks.After watering in the afternoon, after fertilization, the Fertilizer should be rinsed with a large amount of water and the orchid strains to prevent the remaining inorganic salts harm the root.

5. Reasons for the failure of cultivation:

Watering frequency: Friends who cultivate Phalaenopsis are always worried about the shortage of Phalaenopsis. Regardless of whether the cultivation medium is dry or watered every day, causing serious rotten roots.

The temperature is too low: usually the Phalaenopsis blooming plants are mostly in early spring, and they are usually appreciated in the living room and other places after buying. Although the temperature in these places is sufficient, the night temperature is slightly low.On the other hand, most of the professional cultivation orchids are in greenhouses with good equipment. In contrast, the temperature and humidity at home are slightly not enough, making the growth of plants often weakened.Therefore, sometimes no matter how good the maintenance is, orchids are still not blooming.

Excessive Fertilizer: If you have Fertilizer, do not pay attention to the concentration.It should be noted that Phalaenopsis should apply thin Fertilizer, and it should be a small amount.Remember to "supplement" and not overly, otherwise it is counterproductive.

Small plant species large pots: It feels that the large basin can give Phalaenopsis a loose environment, with sufficient materials.After the practical large basin, water plants are not easy to dry.

Profile

The queen of the silver, also known as the silver queen, ribs after silver, and brightened silk after silver.Tiannan Xingke is a leaf -viewing plant with beautiful leaf color, especially shade -resistant, potted plants embellishment room, with obvious effects, particularly bright and comfortable.At present, the silver queen is often used as cut leaves for flower arrangement, leaf or potted decoration indoor and Outdoor environment.

The silver queen is a perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 30-40 cm.The leaves are alternate, the petiole is long, the base is enlarged into sheath shape, the leaves are narrow, the leaf surface has gray -green stripes, and the area is large.Root yellow, bean sprouts, very small.On the top of the root is the leaves, the unknown leaves are round and wrapped.The new leaves are light green, the middle is gray and some light green spots, the back is light green, like the leaves of the big tree.The color of the growing leaves is slightly darker.The leaf just grows is about 3 inches, and 5 or 6 inches after shaping.

The Queen of Silver is native to South America, and various tropical cities in Guangdong and Fujian, China, are commonly cultivated, and there are also Yisheng.

Nickname

The Queen of the Silver Queen, the ribs of the ribs of the silver, the brighter silk after the silver

Suitable place

1. Put in the living room

The silver queen can be placed on the desktop of the living room, which can reflect a comfortable and comfortable home style.The silver queen's leaves are beautiful, and they are particularly shade -resistant. The potted plants are embellished with obvious effects, and they are particularly bright and comfortable.Putting in the living room is both fashionable and can make people feel the existence of nature when chatting, and the conversation becomes much easier.

2,Put inIn the corner

Putting the silver queen in every corner of the house reflects the home style that loves nature.The Queen of Silver is a perennial herbaceous plant. It not only has high ornamental value, but also has good air purification ability. The higher the air pollution concentration in the environment, the stronger its purification ability, so it can be placed in any corner of the home.

3. Put it on the bedside

The Queen of Silver can be kept in the bedroom. I open my eyes every day to remind himself a good day and reflect the personal style of struggle.

Effectiveness and role

Purify the air

The Empress Silver is known for its unique air purification ability. The higher the concentration of pollutants in the air, the more it can exert its purification ability, so it is very suitable for dark rooms with poor ventilation conditions.The silver queen can remove the nicotine and formaldehyde in the air. There are smokers or just renovated in the family. You can consider putting a pot of silver queen to purify the indoor air.

View

The Queen of the Silver has a high viewing value. The leaves are large and wide, and the shape is beautiful and generous. It can be placed in the living room, bedroom, balcony, kitchen and other places to play a role in decorating home and improving the environment.In addition, the silver queen is toxic. After the stalk of the silver queen is broken, the transparent liquid will be secreted, giant, better than the yellow lantern Pepper, and lasting the utility.When planting at home, it is necessary to prevent children from breaking the stems and leaves to lick the entrance.

Breeding method

illumination

Pay attention to Shading in summer, not to make the light too strong, otherwise it will be prone to sunburn.Pay attention to lighting in the winter room to prevent the light from fading in the lack of light.

Humidity/watering

Water in winter and spring rain is less. After the pot soil is dry in winter and spring, the minimum temperature must reach more than 15 C before pouring proper warm water.summer growth is strong and can supply a lot of water.In the late spring and early summer, there can be less acidic nitrogen fertilizer. In the summer, nitrogen fertilizer can be applied. In the early autumn and the Mid -autumn Festival, some compound Fertilizers can be applied.The Fertilizer is thick and the stems are thick, and the leaves are large, and the leaves are hypertrophy.

temperature

The queen of silver grew the fastest at 20-24 C, stopped growing above 30 C, and the leaves were easy to yellow.Therefore, in summer, heatstroke and cooling should be paid attention to ventilation, and it should be cultivated in the sheds in winter. It is advisable to overwintering temperature of 10 C, and do not be lower than 5 C.

soil

Most of the silver queens are potted plants.Potted plants usually use loose peat soil, grass charcoal soil, or mix with corrupt leaf soil and sandy loam soil, and dilute the soil after a small amount of iron sulfate.

Fertilize

In the peak season of spring and autumn, watering must be sufficient, potting soil should always be kept moist, and often uses water with similar room temperature to spray branches and leaves to prevent dry tips, but water cannot be accumulated.Apply a thin liquid Fertilizer once a month and half a month of the growth season.

Frequently problem handling

The cause and treatment of yellow leaves

1. Too much watering

Too much watering causes soil plates or too much stickiness, so that the roots of the silver queen are not breathing, resulting in rotting roots, reducing the ability of the root system to absorb moisture and nutrients.yellow.

Solution: After the Queen Yin Queen enters the room, the space is not as wide as the Outdoor, and the water on the pot soil and the surface of the plant will be reduced. Therefore, the watering should be appropriately reduced. If it is still watering at this timeYellow.Therefore, the silver queen should pay attention to the amount of watering, and it is carried out regularly. Watering when the pot soil is about to dry, the watering should be poured.

2,Dry air, too strong light, high temperature

These three situations usually appear in the summer and autumn season, because the silver queen likes to grow in a wet semi -yin environment. Once the air is dry, the sun is strong, and the temperature is just above 30 C, it is easy to cause the leaf tip of the silver queen.

Solution: If you encounter this situation, immediately move the silver queen to the semi -yin environment, cut off the dead leaves, and often spray water and ventilate. The leaves of the newly growing silver queen will return to normal.The Queen of Silver likes the environment of semi -yin is very shade -resistant. Don't worry about long -term shade will also affect its growth.

3, too low temperature

The silver queen likes a warm living environment. When the temperature is lower than 10 C, it will stop growing. When it is lower than 5 C, it will affect the growth of the Queen of Silver, causing the leaves to yellow.

Solution: During the simultaneous maintenance process, try to control the constant temperature as much as possible, do not fall low.

4,Improper fertilization

Without fertilization or too much fertilization for a long time, the leaves of the silver queen will be yellow. When fertilizing, use liquid Fertilizer and thin Fertilizer.

Solution: Apply a thin liquid Fertilizer once a month and a half of the growth season.After the autumn, the growth of the silver queen will gradually slow down, and the ability to absorb nutrients gradually decreases. At this time, fertilization needs to be reduced to prevent the leaf of the silver queen from yellow. Watering in winter should be less and stop topdressing.

5. Do not change the pot for a long time

It does not change the pot for a long time, the soil plate of the pot is knotted, and the roots have insufficient growth space. Under a high temperature, high drought environment, it is easy to cause the silver queen's royal apex to wither and make it lose their absorption function.

Solution: If you encounter this situation, you can pour the silver queen out of the Flower pot, cut off the dead branches and leaves, cut off the necrotic root system, replace it with half of the new soil, and then put it on the cool, moist, semi -semi -half -halfIn the shade environment, pay attention to spraying water in time, and the new tender leaves of the plant can return to normal.

Silver Queen's disease and insect pest control

1. Leaf spot disease

disease

The weather with high humidity is easy to occur.The brown spots will appear on the leaves in the early stage, and the surroundings will gradually fade green, and the wheel -shaped diffusion will be spreading. The brown inside will be gray -white inside the edges.Later lesions gradually expanded, dark brown lesions appeared, and dark brown mold layers were formed in a humid environment.

Control method

Clear the diseased leaves in time. Once the black spots are found, the leaves are removed immediately.0.5%to 1%of Bordeaux or 50%multi -bacterial spirit 1000 times liquid can be sprayed at the beginning of or or later.

2,anthrax

disease

In the early stage, the Yin Queen's Better Mountain will spread to the whole plant in severe cases.At the time of the onset, there will be water -stained small yellow spots on the leaves, which gradually expand and appear round or oval brown or yellow brown spots. Later leaves withered, producing many small black spots.The disease is often caused by poor ventilation. When the harm of the segene is harmful, the condition will be more serious.

Control method

Strengthen maintenance, increase phosphorus and Potassium fertilizer, and increase the disease resistance of plants.Open the windows to ventilate in time to ensure that the plants are maintaining the environment of the environment.At the beginning of the onset, you can use Bordeaux or 1500 times liquid to spray.

3, brown soft

disease

When the softness is harmful to the plant, the cluster is generally on the leaf surface or the tender leaves, and the pests inhale plant liquid juice, and at the same time excrete the mucus.The weakness, the leaves are yellow, and there are observation.When severe occurrence, the branches are covered with worms, causing the plant to yellow and affect growth.

Control method

If there are fewer plants or the number of insects, it is generally scraped by bamboo and other objects.If the blades are already damaged, try to cut the damaged blades as much as possible.Then spray it with a bactericide to disinfection.

4,Rotten root disease

Pot soil water and nutritional roots are rotten.Because the pot soil is too sticky or too frequent watering, it has caused the rotting of the nutritional whisker roots of the silver queen. In this way, the ability to absorb moisture in the root system will greatly decrease, which will cause the pendant to darkened the tip of the leaf leaf, and the edge of the edge will be black. Inside the edgesong.If this is the case, the plant can be removed from the Flower pot, shake off the soil, cut off the rotten root part, put it on the clean wet sand planting, keep the sand grains moist, and you cannot spray too much water.After giving birth to the white and tender thin whiskers, re -replace the fertile cultivation soil planting.

5. Leaf disease

For a long time, the basis is not given, resulting in the growth of the root system to the wall of the pot. In an environment with high temperatures and droughts or cold weather, it is easy to cause the root apex of the root cause of atrophy and necrosis, which causes it to lose its due absorption function, which causes the leaf tip to shrink.If this is the case, first pour the plant out of the Flower pot, cut off the necrotic part of the dead leaves or leaves, and then pick up some old soil, delete some aging or necrotic root systems, re -switch to fresh ones.Cultivate soil planting, put it in a cool, moist, and semi -overcast environment. Pay attention to spraying more water and less watering. The new tender leaves of the plant can return to normal.

precautions

1. The silver queen likes to grow in the environment where the air is moist and semi -overcast. Once the air is too dry, the sunlight is not blocked. If the temperature is up to 30 C, it will easily cause the leaf tip of the silver queen to wither.Pay attention to Shading in summer, not to make the light too strong, otherwise it will be prone to sunburn.Pay attention to lighting in the winter room to prevent the light from fading in the lack of light.

2. Do not accumulate water (watering too frequently) in the Queen's basin.Proper watering and spraying water, keeping humidity. There is a saying that the importance of watering can be seen as "not living in water". It can be supplemented by water dehydration, but once the water is stagnant, it is difficult to remedy.

3. Queen SilverGrow rapidlyIf the basin is not given for a long time, the root of the root system is directly reaching the pot wall. In an environment with high temperature and drought or cold weather, it is easy to cause the root apex of the root cause of atrophy and necrosis, which causes it to lose its due absorption function, which will cause the leaf tip to shrink.thereforeIt is necessary to change the basin every two years, and at the same time, it is necessary to carry out regular trimming to maintain a good form.

4. Queen SilverDuring the cultivation, soil quality must choose the Fertilizer soil of ventilation and drainage, such as the carbon soil and the peat soil. Of course, it can also be matched by itself. Add a little sulfate solution to the mixed sandy soil and the soil of the rotten soil for acidification.likeFor the potting of the pots of fruit pots or too sticky, or too much watering, etc., it has caused the rotten rot of the nutritional whisker roots of the Queen of Silver. In this way, the ability to absorb moisture in the root system will be greatly reduced, which will cause the tip of the leaf to blackened, the edge of the edge of the inner song will beEssence

5. The Queen of China is toxic. After the stalk of the silver queen is broken, it will secrete a transparent liquid, giant spicy, better than yellow lantern Pepper, and lasting for a long time.When planting at home, it is necessary to prevent children from breaking the stems and leaves to lick the entrance.

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Profile

Money treeAlso known asSnow ironIt is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant. It is a very rare leaf -viewing plant with underground tubers.The top of the ground has no main stems. The germination of the buds from the bulk to form a large compound leaf. The small petiole of the lobular meat is a small petiole, which is strong and thick;The feather -like compound leaves are raw from the top of the block, and the leaf axis is strong, and the leaflets appear to the leaf axis or nearly.The buds of the Buddha flames are green, the shape of the boat, and the ears of the meat are short.

Money tree is native to tropical (grassland) climate area with small rainfall in eastern Africa.Introduced China in 1997.Sexual warmth, heat and dryness, semi -yin, and average annual temperature change are small, which is more resistant to drought, but fear of cold, avoid strong light exposure, afraid of the soil sticky and water in the pot soil.Causes its tuber to rot.The soil is loose and fertile, good drainage, rich in organic matter, acidic to slightly acidic.After the bud is strong, after cutting the thick -shaped compound leaves, the top of the tuber of the block should be raw new leaves quickly.

Money treeIt is an indoor leaf -viewing plant, which is used for purifying indoor air.Its newly drawn feather -like compound leaves are almost 2 at each time, one, one, short, thick and one thin, so there is a name of "Dragon and Phoenix Wood", which symbolizes the meaning of wealth and wealth.

Nickname

Dragon and phoenix wood, Zemi taro, US iron taro, gold coin tree, snow iron taro, Zemi Ye Tiannanxing

Morphology

There are no main stems on the ground, 50 to 80 cm height, and there are hypertrophic tubers in the ground with a diameter of 5 to 8 cm in diameter.The germination of the germination of the buds to form a large compound leaf. The small petiole of the lobular meat is a small petiole.The raw leaflets 6 to 10 pairs, the leaves of the leaves, thickness, green, and metallic luster.The buds of the Buddha flames are green, the shape of the boat, and the ears of the meat are short.

Suitable place

Money trees are still quite popular indoor bonsai plants, especially in the broader offices, office halls, living rooms, study rooms, living rooms, and balconies. The style is elegant and simple, and it has a southern country.It is a new generation of indoor leaf -viewing plants with beautiful plant -shaped, regular, and world -renowned interior.

Effectiveness and role

View

Each of the Snow taro plants is a sturdy state of the leaf axis base, as if it is a stiff belly.The middle and upper part of the leaf axis are cylindrical, with irregular dark brown color marks on the top, like a layer of camouflage.The oval or oval leaf on its compound leaves has thick texture and thick leaves. It looks like a layer of glittering glaze in the sun.If several plants are planted in a delicate blue and white porcelain basin, there is a vigorous and vitality, high ornamental vitality, and high ornamental value.

Purification

Snow iron taro can absorb poison gas to release oxygen through photosynthesis, bringing fresh air.In the daytime, it can absorb carbon dioxide in the room, and at the same time release oxygen to increase the concentration of negative ions in the indoor air, and even absorb the dust that even the vacuum cleaner is difficult to suck.More importantly, it can also absorb harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene, kill bacteria in the air.In this process, the air is effectively purified, the green atmosphere in the space is increased, and people are refreshing.

Family decoration

Money tree is a very popular indoor bonsai plant. Its sapling grows slowly. It can be used as a small or medium pot cultivation or viewing, or it can be used as a large basin. It is more diverse.It is suitable for many occasions. It can be placed in a wide office, new home, living room, study, balcony and other places. It is not only prosperous and wealthy, which means auspiciousness, but also makes the home environment elegant, simple, and has the mood of the southern country.The leaves like a string of copper coins are like a big bird stretching their wings from a distance, which is very beautiful.When working or living every day, you can see this vigorous plant, which makes people more motivated and spiritual.

Breeding method

illumination

The money tree is light and has a strong negative resistance, and it should create a good environment for it but has a certain degree of shade.It should avoid strong light and direct light, especially to avoid the scorching sun exposure after the sun and early rain in the late spring and early rain and the 5 ~ 6 hours before the summer noon.The leaves are burned.During productive cultivation, from the end of spring to the Mid -autumn Festival, it should be placed under the shade of 50-70%of the Shading, but it should not be too dark, otherwise it will cause the new tender leaf length and yellow leaf color to lose their gods.The spacious sparse spar affect the compact and beautiful of the plant.Potted plants that are transferred to the shed in winter shall be given supplementary light.Pot soil water is maintained dry, and plants can remain disease for many years.The newly pumped feathers compound leaves are not manifested as obvious light, and the plant type is good.

Humidity/watering

In order to maintain potted money trees, we should strive to create a humid and dry environment for it.During productive cultivation, when plants placed in the greenhouse, when the room temperature is above 33 C, spray the plant once a day.Because the plant has strong drought tolerance, it is better to keep the pot soil slightly wet and dry, but occasionally watering and Fertilizer is too much, and it does not cause the root system to rot.In winter, pay attention to spraying the leaves and the surrounding environment, so that the relative air humidity can reach more than 50%.After the Mid -autumn Festival, watering should be reduced, or watered it with water spraying, and passed the winter with the new leaf yesterday.In addition, special attention should be paid to the potting soil in winter. It is better to dry it. Otherwise, under low temperature conditions, the soil of the pot soil is more likely to cause the root of the plant to rot and even the entire plant.

temperature

The suitable growth temperature is 20-32 C. Whether it is potted or ground planting, the average annual temperature changes are required, and productive cultivation is best to be performed in a controllable temperature.Each summer, when the temperature is above 35 C, the plant grows poorly. It should cool down by stamping black nets and water spraying surrounding the environment, creating a suitable environment for the space temperature and dryness.It is best to maintain the temperature of the shed at more than 10 C in winter. If the room temperature is lower than 5 C, it can easily cause the plant to suffer from cold and seriously endanger its survival.In the end of autumn and early winter, when the temperature drops below 8 C, it should be moved to the room with sufficient light in time. During the entire wintering period, the temperature should be kept between 8 C and 10 C. This is relatively safe and reliable.

soil

Due to the special climatic conditions of the original place of origin of the money tree, it has formed a strong drought resistance, so the basic requirements for the cultivation substrate are good permeability.The basic requirements of cultivation matrix are good permeability.The cultivation matrix is mostly mixed with a small amount of garden soil with peat, coarse sand, or rinseed, and adjusted its pH value to between 6 and 6.5, which is slightly acidic.Due to its large stems, developed root systems, and long feather -like compound leaves, the growth season should be observed in a timely manner to decide whether to change the pot and soil.Always keep the cultivation matrix transparent, so as to create a well -permeable root environment for it.In the rainy season, it is necessary to check them frequently. When there is a water accumulation in the basin, it is necessary to give the pot to change the pot in time.

Fertilize

Money trees are more fat. In addition to the cultivation matrix, an appropriate amount of cake Fertilizer or diverse slow -release Compound fertilizer should be added. The growth season can be applied 2 to 3 times per month 02.%Urea plus 0.1%potassium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrogen phosphate.The mixed solution can also be used for balance Fertilizer 20-10-20 (20-20-20), and the concentration is 200-250 ppm binding to calcium nitrate.After the Mid -autumn Festival, in order to make it safe to pass the winter, nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped, and 0.3%of 0.3%of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is applied 2 to 3 times in a row to promote the hardening of its tender leaf shafts and new leaves.When the temperature drops below 15 C, all forms of topdressing should be stopped, so as not to cause Fertilizer damage under low temperature conditions.

Main point of maintenance

1. Money tree is warm and cold.It will cause cold damage when it is lower than 5 degrees Celsius. It is best to maintain above 12 degrees Celsius in winter.When the temperature is not high, when the temperature is above 35 degrees Celsius, the growth of the plant is poor, and the temperature should be reduced through the shades of Shading, spraying of leaf surface water, and strengthening ventilation.

2. The full sunlight, but there is a slightly shade environment, and sufficient light should be given.But avoid the sun, and the light will burn the tender leaves.From from May to September, it should be shaded, covering 40 ~ 50%of the sunlight, or plants in places with sufficient scattered light.It should not be overcast, otherwise the leaf color will become dim and dry the lower leaves.

3. Because of the meat quality of the leaves, it can store water, so it can resist drought.Watering should be based on the "dry and wet" method.Avoid water, and the pot soil is too wet to cause rotten roots of the plant.However, watering should be controlled during wintering, so that potting soil is relatively dry.

4. The moist environment, the appropriate relative humidity of the air is about 85%. It should be often sprayed with water to the plant and the surrounding environment to improve the humidity of the air.

5. During the growth period, the Fertilizer combined with nitrogen and potassium is applied every month to make the branches lush and the growing stems of the underground.September one time phosphorus and Potassium fertilizer is applied to benefit the plant to improve cold resistance.Exit fertilization after October.

6. Money tree does not need to be trimmed except to subtract the yellow leaves during the growth period.

Frequently problem handling

Breeding method

Cuttings

Snow iron taro can be cut with a single small blade, a section of leaf shaft with two blades or a separate leaf axis.The cuttings of cuttings with leaf shafts are fast, and the sprout rate is high, and it is easier to open into a larger tuber.

Cutting a single blade in the mixed substrate of mixing the river sand and vermiculite. After 10-14 days, a small ball-shaped stem can be formed in the leaf base. After 2-3 months of cultivation, it can grow into small plants.However, in general, the rate of seedling is not high.

If the leaf axis or leaf shaft leaf is used for cuttings for cuttings, the matrix can be used with ordinary fine sand, or mixed with peat soil, perlite, and river sand by mixing the ratio of 3: 1: 1.The long 1/3-1/2, only leave the leaves outside the matrix, spray the water and place it in the shade, keep the ambient temperature of 25 C-27 C, the degree of wetness and wetness of the substrate, spray the leaf surface every day 1- 1-Two times, maintain a slightly humid state of the substrate. Do not cut too much wet, otherwise the cuttings are rotten and the cuttings fail.

Division

The large snow -iron taro plants are removed, and most of the soil shakes the soil, open it from the weak place of the tuber, and apply sulfur powder or plant ash on the wound, and put it in potted plants.Be careful not to bury too deep when planting, and bury the top of the tuber 1.5-2 cm under the soil.In addition, according to the characteristics of lurking buds on the tuber of the money tree, the huge single stems can be divided into small pieces with 2-3 lack of buds. After the wounds are dry, it will be buried before it is buried first in a little bit.In the wet fine sand, the small tuber to be cut opens into an independent plant and then puts the potted planting.

Leaf insertion

Snow iron taro has a huge tuber, and its germination of many buds and small stems formed a group of large pieces. The compound leaves have a lifetime of more than 2-3 years, and are continuously updated by the new leaves.Generally, the money tree is breeded by small strains with small balls produced by the mother's tuber. The large plant can only produce 2-5 plants each year. The reproductive coefficient is low and the speed is slow.

Snow iron taro leaves are easy to take root in the matrix and can be used for reproduction.There are 15-25 leafs on each mature compound leaf. If it is used for reproduction, the reproduction rate can be greatly increased.Cutting different maturity leaflets or two leaf bands with total petiole or single leaf with total petiole is inserted in the clean river sand bed, and can also be cut directly in the matrix of peat.During cuttings, leaves or stood up, and keep the sand bed wet after cutting.After 50-60 days, the petiole or the base of the total petiole was expanded, and then the side minister produced a thick new root.

Prevention and treatment of pests and insect pests

Brown spot

symptom:Most of the brown spot disease occurs on the leaves. The lesions are nearly round, gray -brown to yellow -brown, and the edges are slightly darker.The disease is prone to occur under high temperature, high humidity, and poor ventilation.

Prevention:If a small amount of diseased leaves are found, it is necessary to remove the destruction in time. In the early days of the onset, a 50%liquid wettable powder 600 times liquid or 40%of the 100%liquid liquid 500 times liquid was sprayed once every 10 days.Four times, the prevention and control effect is better.

White silk disease

symptom:White silk disease, also known as fungal root rot and fungal seedlings blight, endangered the rhizome of the seedlings and young trees.

Symptom recognition: The victim's part is water -like yellow -brown to reddish -brown wet rot; the center of the diseased spots is slightly sunken, the edges are obvious, and the surface of the disease is covered with white silk wire -shaped myceliumThe fungal core is generated on the silk, which is white at first, and then turns yellow, reddish to dark brown. In severe cases, the whole plant is killed, causing the upper stems and leaves to wither and die.

Law: Most of the germs are distributed in the soil layer of 1 cm to 2 cm.When the temperature reaches 28 C to 35 C and the relative humidity reaches more than 90%, the fungus sprouts and generates acels in the soil.

Transmission pathway: From the epidermis or wound invasion of the root stem or petiole base, the onset of the disease after 7 days to 8 days, and the diseased portion produces acetic infection or multiple invasion.

Prevention:Discover the diseased plants in time.

The occurrence of diseases is closely related to water. Pay attention to the cultivation of rain to avoid rain. After the rain, drain and strengthen ventilation in time, and strictly prevent the humidity of the cultivation site.

increase the pH value of the soil, you can add appropriate scorched cement ash, plant ash or lime to remove lime to 6.5 to 7.0 to the cultivation soil, and add trace elements such as silicon and calcium.

The cultivation of soil is promoted to disinfect and bake sterilization. Fifth, spray or pour roots, painted green, and thorough bacteria clearing on the matrix surface in the early stage of the onset.

Grystum

symptom:The harm of the giants. In an environment with poor ventilation and poor light, the leaves of the golden tree are susceptible to the harm of the spines in the garaphs.

Prevention:Family has a small amount of cultivation. You can use transparent tape to stick to the worm body, or wipe the living insect body with a wet cloth.Product cultivation can spray 20%of the lice molten wettable powder 1000 times liquid during the incubation period of nymphs, and the insecticidal effect is good.

Rotten roots

symptom:The reason for the rotten roots of money is the rotten roots caused by watering.

Prevention:

Pour the plants out of the basin in time, shake off the soil, and put it in a half-shade and dry it for 1-2 days.

Watering should not be too diligent. Take 70 % of the dry pot soil. There must be no rigid watering interval, and watering must be flexibly.

If the rotten roots are serious, it is best to shake the soil, and then soak it with 500 times liquid potassium permanganate or polymorrhin solution for 5-10 minutes, then rinse it with water, then dry it until the root system is dry, re-plant againJust accept it.

Cold harm

symptom:When the temperature drops below 5 C in winter, plus the humidity of the pot soil, it can easily lead to the pour of the feathers and leaves of the plant due to cold damage. In severe cases, it will cause rot in the stem, and it is difficult to restore its vitality.

Prevention:Whether it is productive cultivation, or family breeding, the temperature of the sheds during the wintering period should remain not less than 10 C, and the pot soil should be slightly dry.For a small amount of potted plants, in a particularly cold day, you can cover the double -layer plastic bag at night. After the temperature rises the next day, the bag will be unlocked.

Burn

symptom:In the hot summer, or the sunny weather after the sun and the early sun, or for a long time, it is placed in the room that just moved to the Outdoor plant for recovery.The burns caused the leaves to be partially green, or the entire leaves were burned, and the necrotic part became brown and black later.

Prevention:After the summer, the plant is moved to the environment of the semi -yin in a timely manner.

What to do if the leaves are yellow

Reason one: Too much watering causes yellow leaves

Money tree leaves are thick and meaty, with underground tubers, which can store certain water, which is more drought to resist.Do not accumulate water in normal watering.After the rotten roots occur, most of the new leaves began to yellow.

Treatment method:

1. If it is yellow leaves caused by excessive watering roots, the demand will be checked in time.

2. If there is no rotten root, the Flower pot can be raised and placed in a ventilated place to allow the water to distribute in time.

3. If the rotten roots are rotten, the need to cut the rotten roots and yellow leaves, and re -set with soil.The re -planted money tree should be placed in a cool place first, and then transferred to a suitable central center after recovery.

Reason 2: Watering too little air is boring

Temporary water dehydration may be too boring, and it will cause yellow leaves.

Treatment method:

Replenish water in time and spray the humidity to the leaf surface.

Reason three: yellow leaves caused by exposure

The money tree is not tolerant. If it is revealed in high -intensity light in winter, it can be sunburned.The leaves will be white gently, and the edge of the leaf will be scorched.

Treatment method:

Pay attention to Shading sunscreen in winter.

Reason 4: Pests and insect pests

Insect pests are also one of the reasons for the yellowing of the leaves of money. The leaves of the money trees are susceptible to the stabbing of aphids and granular worms.

Treatment method:

When the amount is small, it can be killed manually. If there are many, spray 20 {bf} lice plowing lice wettable powder 1000 times liquid, and the insecticidal effect is good.

Reason 5: Too much fertilization and too thick

Fertilizer should be applied with thin Fertilizer. If too much fertilization, perhaps too strong fertilization, it is easy to burn roots to form yellow leaves, and even plants die.The general manifestations are brown at the top of the new leaf, and the old leaves are yellow.

Treatment method:

Pour the roots in time, rinse excess Fertilizer, change the soil to wash the roots in severe cases, and re -plant it.

Reason 6: Winning over the low trick to cause yellow leaves

Money tree growing temperature is 20-32 C. If it is lower than 10 C, it needs to be transferred to the room as soon as possible, lower than 5 C, and it is easy to attack frostbite.

Treatment method:

Cut off frostbite and leaves, and gradually restore environmental growth temperature.

Toxic

Tiannan Star floor plants will flow out of milk containing calcium acid, so it will be irritating. Its leaf juice is stained on sensitive Skin, facial features, tooth beds, swelling.Plant alkali causes uncomfortable physical sensitivity.

In fact, many toxic plants, as long as they are not used for cold dishes, will not cause any harm to people.Even if many toxic plants are planted in public places, don't worry too much.In fact, plants have two sides. As long as it is effectively used, it is beneficial to the public environment.The toxic substances secreted by these plants can only produce side effects only when they reach a certain amount. As long as they touch less, do not eat them by mistake, and do not let the juice touch the wound, it will not cause harm to the human body.

precautions

1. Money tree should be performed at more than 18 degrees, and can be opened in a weak place in the binding of the tuber. It is planted in the prepared pot. Do not bury it too deep.It is only ~ 2 cm. It is best to apply sulfur powder or plant ash in the open place.

2. When the temperature is high in summer, you need to move into a cool place indoors and spray water to the plant's leaves to reduce the temperature.When the room temperature is less than 5 degrees in winter, it will endanger the growth of the plant, and anti -freezing measures must be taken in time.

3. Money trees are plants that are happy and yin -resistant. They are not suitable for growing under strong light. It is best to place places with obscuration next to the window so that it can fully expose the sunlight, and will not cause leaves to burn the leaves due to exposure.Its blocking effect is best to reach 60%, and excessive darkness will cause the leaves to yellow.

4. It requires better soil for its growth. The soil must not only be loose and fertile, good drainage, but also rich in organic matter, acidic acidity to slightly acidicity.

5. Keep the soil slightly dry. Because the drought resistance of the money tree is high, it is advisable to keep the pot soil dry. When the temperature is as high as 34 degrees, it is best to water once a day.Water can be sprayed with the leaves of the plant instead of watering.

6. When the temperature is above 15 or more, fertilize twice a month. Because the money tree is more like Fertilizer, you can fertilize twice a month during the growth season.If you use Fertilizers, you need to choose 0.2%Urea plus 0.1%potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture.

Profile

Crab claw orchid, meat plant, shrub -shaped, stem Hanging, branches without thorns, old stems are flat, flat; fresh green or purple, the top is cut, the flowers are single on the top of the branch, two on the top of the branch, two, twoSide symmetry; separation of calyx top; several rounds of corolla, most stamens, berry -shaped.The flowering period is from October to February of the following year; the indoor -cultivated crab claw can be adjusted by controlling light.

Crab clawFor viewing plants, it is often grafted on the ruler or other rootstocks to obtain lush plants.Native to Brazil, common cultivation of parks and flower gardens across China.

Nickname

Christmas cactus, crab claw lotus, icing on the cake, crab orchid

Morphology

Affective meat plants are often shrub -shaped and non -leaf.There is no thorns, many branches, often Hanging, old stems, cylindricals, young stems and branches are flat; each section of torque is round to obovate, 3-6 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, freshGreen, sometimes a little purple, cut the top, 2-4 crude jagged on each side, and a thick middle rib on both sides; sometimes there is a little short thorn in the nest hole.

flowers are single on the top of the branch, rose red, 6-9 cm long, symmetrical on both sides; a round of calyx, a short Tube at the base, and the top is separated; the corolla is several rounds, the lower part of the Tube, the upper part ofLong; Most of the stamens, 2 rounds, stretched out, bending upward; the flower columns are long in the stamens, dark red, and the stigma 7 cracks.The pear -shaped, red, about 1 cm in diameter.

variety

Common hybrids in crab claws include white Christmas white, Dose, Gina, and snowflakes; yellow varieties include Jinmei, Christmas flames, golden fantasy, and Cambridge; orange Ante, Frigo; Purple varieties are Madajia; Pink varieties include Camilla, Disto and Eva, mostly introduced from the United States, Japan, Denmark and other countries.The conventional varieties include light purple, red rounded crab claws, white flower sprouts, pink beautiful crab claws when open, flower bud red crab claws and Russell, Buckley, blunt horns, Christmas cactus, etc.Essence

Suitable place

Crab orchid stems are often suspended because they are too long, so they are often made into chrome for decoration.The crab claw orchid blooms at Christmas and New Year's Day.

Effectiveness and role

Viewing value

There are many different varieties in crab claw orchids. They have different colors and appearances, and they are different in the flowering season. They are one of the most common ornamental flowers in the scenic spots, especially snowflakes, yellow Jin Mei, and Ant.They are more precious in crab claw orchids, with high ornamental value.

Purify the air

Crab claw orchid is a kind of negative plant that is suitable for breeding indoors. It absorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide in the air when breathing, and is converted into oxidation and release, which has a good effect on purifying the air.In addition, crab claw orchid also has a certain decomposition effect on electronic radiation. It can be placed next to the computer and TV, which can effectively reduce the damage of these electronic radiation sources to human body.

Medicinal effect

Crab claws can be used as a whole plant. It is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that can clear heat and detoxify. It has a good treatment effect on human sore swelling and mumps.After the crab claw orchid is used, it is mainly used for multi -color freshness. It can be harvested throughout the year. After harvesting, it can be washed and made into mud. The treatment effect is excellent.

Breeding method

illumination

The crab claw orchid is afraid of the hot and high temperature, and avoid exposure and rain. Therefore, it should be placed in the indoor ventilation of the room or on the shade balcony in the summer.After the beginning of the autumn, the crab claw orchid gradually recovers the growth, and should be placed in a place with 50 % of the light, such as the shadow shed or Xiangyang window to receive light and promote the differentiation of flower buds.As the weather turns cold, it should be given sufficient light in late autumn to winter.

Humidity/watering

Crab claws belong to the cactus of cactus. In the natural environment, they are often attached to trees or humid valleys. Therefore, the cultivation environment requires semi -yin and humidity, but the pot soil cannot be too wet and pursue the principle of "dry and transparent".Watering once every 2 to 3 days in high temperature season, avoid watering at noon; the temperature in winter is low, and you can water it once a week to avoid watering in the evening.

temperature

The suitable temperature of the crab claw orchid is 20 C to 25 C.At 22 C, it is best to use ventilation equipment; when the temperature is above 35 C or below 2 C, the plant will stop growing.

soil

Crab claw orchids are fertile and loose soil. Family can use 3 parts of garden soil, 4 parts of corrupt leaf soil, 3 parts of sand or 4 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of corrupt leaf soil, 2 parts of sand, 2 parts of perlite (or volcanic rock rocky rock (or volcanic rock rocky rock), It is best to disinfect after the soil is equipped with high temperature, and it can also be exposed to sterilization under the sun.

Fertilize

Crab claws like Potassium fertilizer, followed by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate Fertilizer.Fertilizers that can use N, P, and K to 30:15:20 or 40:20:30.Fertilization is stopped in winter, and 1,000 times per -per -weekly leaf surface can be sprayed with 1,000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate Fertilizer.

Flowering

Crab claws are short -day plants, which can control the purpose of controlling the flowering period by regulating the time of light.To promote flowering, short -day treatment is started from 60 to 70 days in advance according to the hoped flowering time.Natural light time is 8 hours a day, and the rest of the time is shaped.Continuously Shading, cannot be interrupted, and can generally see flower buds after 20 days.

Frequently problem handling

Way of breeding

1. Grafting

Rootstock: Choose the rootstock first.The rootstock is good for cactus,

Especially with beef tongue palms, it is better, because its height, good shape, strong and strong main trunk, and strong support can make the grafted crab claw orchid Hanging down freely, which is conducive to viewing.Therefore, one year in advance can be selected for cuttings with strong growth, no harm, neat and beautiful beef tongue palm tablets 1-2 sections, each pot.

Grafting: The suitable time for grafting crab claws is from late March to mid -June and mid -September to mid -October.Grafting should be carried out on the sunny morning. Therefore, the rootstock and scion contain more juice and heal the interface. At the same time, choose the beam of the beam of the second section, the perverted stem 2-3 as the scion.Can).First obliquely cut the scion -based section into a duck -billed shape.The length of the cutting surface is 1.5-2.5 cm. Try to cut it as much as possible to make it easy to survive. Then cut a knife at the top of the rootstock.Later, because there are many sticky liquids and the scion is easy to swim, it is necessary to fix half a minute by hand, and then cross the ears of the ears that are prepared by the cactus and stabbed the ears to make it together.Fixed.Finally, put the connected Flower pot in the cool and ventilated place (note that watering cannot be dipped in the interface), and it is expected to survive for about 20-30 days.

2,Cuttings

Choose a strong crab claw orchid 3-7 knots, generally 1.5 knots are inserted into the pot soil.The growing plants can bloom in the second year, blooming in the third year, and the number of flowers will increase year by year.

Diseases and insect prevention

Crab claw orchids often have anthracnose, rotten and leaf blight. Especially under high temperature and high humidity, the onset of disease is severe.Severe plants should be removed and burned.In the early stage of the disease, 500 times the liquid of 50%of the fungal wettable powder, sprayed once every 10-15D, and sprayed 3 times in total.When the harm of the segmented insect is severe, the surface of the leaf stems is covered with a white shell, which weakens the growth of the plant. The victims are yellow and white.Swilish.When red spiders are harmful, spray 1000-1500 times the prevention and treatment of oxidation and fruit solution.

Pelvic technique

1. The crab claw orchid can be changed to the pot every 2 years, usually from March to April. In addition to adding about 3 cm thick sand and stone on the basin of the pot to facilitate the filtering, it should also be cultivated in the cultivation soil.Add more phosphorus -containing rotten poultry pigeons, broken Bone fish scales, etc., but the root system should not be directly contacted with Fertilizer; when the temperature reaches 30 C, the plant enters a semi -dormant state.

2. At this time, not only should you avoid the scorching sun and rain, but you should also put it in a humid and cool place, at the same time, stop the Fertilizer and control water to prevent rotten roots;You can see the sun in the middle of the day, and give full light in mid -late October, which can promote the differentiation of flower buds and more pregnancy flower buds. At this time, it is advisable to apply liquid Fertilizer with more phosphorus every 7 days to 10 days.

Pruning method

In order to control the shape of the crab claw orchid, it is suitable for indoor furnishings. When the entire plant's puff diameter is more than 50cm, the stems can be shortened in spring, and some aging and dense branches can be removed.The new branches growing after the shear will look tender and green, and flowering will be more lush.It is worth noting that the trimming should be carried out on sunny days, and do not trim on rainy days or in summer.

precautions

1. After the autumn is cold, the crab claw orchid should be placed in the indoor sunlight.If there is no sufficient sunlight in autumn and winter, the flower buds formed will fall off, and the flowering will be reduced or not blossoming.

2. When the crab claw orchid plant grows large, the head is light and light.After the crab claw orchid is defeated, the residual flowers should be cut with the flowering stem nodes at the end, and the water control should be kept. After the new buds grow, water can be watered to keep the pot soil moist.

3. The pot soil of crab claws grafted seedlings can be used with 3 parts of corruption, 4 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of river sand, and a small amount of Organic fertilizer or Bone meal as base Fertilizer.Generally change the pot every 1 to 2 years.Change the pot should be carried out after the spring flowers are losing.

4. In the early spring, after the crab claw orchids thanked, there is a dormant period of about 40 days. At this time, watering should be controlled, but pay attention to loose soil and keep the pot soil dry. When the top starts to emergeKeep the pot soil moist, but avoid water in the pot to avoid rotten roots;

Entering the summer high temperature season, the crab claw orchid is in a dormant or semi -dormant state.

After the autumn, as the weather turns cold, the crab claw orchid gradually recovered, and it starts to water normally to keep the pot soil moist. At present, it is necessary to spray water and fog frequently to keep the perverted stems and buds moist. Watering to keep the soil moist.It is suitable; after flowering, watering should be controlled to extend the flowering period.

Principles of the context planning and design of the courtyard

1. Stay on people: convenient people enter and exit and homework; leave 5 to 6 meters in front of the room to benefit the light in the room; leave 3 to 4 meters wide in the back of the house; the main road of the gate of the courtyard is 4 meters wide.

2. See seam pins: The courtyard area is limited, and every inch of land must be fully utilized.The combination of slices and scattered planting.

3. Beautify the environment: the division of the plot, the configuration of the tree species, and the method of planting can be combined with the orchard and the Park.

4. Adapt to the position: Select the appropriate tree species due to the planting location.The tall trees with high value and strong dryness and high -drying of the sidewalk, such as coriander, lychee, longan, ginkgo, persimmon, jujube, etc.;View.

5. Proper dense planting: The courtyard area is not large and can be properly planted to benefit the output rate of the unit area.The pitch of the fruit trees of the garden is 2 to 3 meters and the line spacing is 3 to 4 meters.

6. Planning dense planting: that is, first dense, then thin, take into account the production of the early and later periods.If you plan 2m 2m first, then go to a line everywhere, turn into 4m 2m, and finally become 4m 4m.

7, three -dimensional planting: In order to make full use of land and light energy, three -dimensional planting can be designed.Efficient economic crops between fruit trees and between plants.

8. Three -dimensional cultivation: Raise earthworms or repairs livestock and poultry under the grapes and kiwi sheds.Digging fish ponds in low -lying places, fish farming in the pond, and planting fruit trees.

Choosing fruit trees in the courtyard

Due to the influence of space and environment, the garden planting is different from the selected tree species and production. The following aspects should be paid attention to:

1. In terms of the size of the tree, choose a small tree species and varieties with small trees, short branches, and intermediate pits.The space occupied in this way is relatively small and does not affect indoor light.

2. Should choose tree species and varieties that are early and easy to yield.Early varieties that are easy to manage are generally easier to manage.As a result, early, seeing benefits can improve the confidence and interest of courtyard cultivation.

3. Should choose tree species and varieties with strong pollination capacity.There are many friends planted in the courtyard that the light of the garden is not resulting, but I do not pay attention to this problem.If the courtyard is large, 1-2 pollination trees can also be properly planted.

4. Choose tree species and varieties with ornamental value. Whether it is tree, tree, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc., we must pay attention to this.

Payment of fruit trees in the courtyard

1. Select good varieties

Good breeds are the basis of yield and quality. fruit trees in the courtyard should choose good varieties as a key measure.Generally, you must buy seedlings with high reputation, or buy seedlings from experienced and responsible fruit farmers, so as to be reliable.Do not go to the market to buy seedlings at will. Cause trees are long -term economy crops. The varieties can be benefited for a long time. After the variety is not good, the variety must be pushed down.

2. Later

A variety has its own ecological adaptability, and good varieties must be planted under its suitable ecological conditions to exert its excellent characteristics.Our land belongs to the subtropical climate Belt. Generally, it can only be planted in some fruit trees in the subtropical area, such as citrus, coriander, etc. In the past, a few people introduced tropical bananas, longan and other fruit trees to the cultivation of our land cultivation.That's it.Apple, apricot, and Shou Tao, which are produced in the north, like to dry and cool climate, and are not suitable for development in our land.There are also species that have special requirements for soil pH values, such as chestnuts and bayberry, can only be planted in the loess Belt.However, it is not absolutely divided according to the origin of the origin. Some species have differentiated, such as peaches, pears, and persimmons.Set the planting area of persimmon and fruit trees.

3. planting timely

Evergreen fruit trees such as citrus and loquats like warm and humid climate, and are afraid of freezing damage in winter. Therefore, the planting season should be set in spring, while peaches, Li, pear, grapes and other deciduous fruit trees like dry climate.spring can be available, but it is more suitable in winter. Because the root temperature of these varieties is only 5 C or more, because the soil temperature of the winter in the winter is more than 5 C.The root system is good for the growth of the coming year.

4. Reasonable selection of "neighbors"

Citrus and orange fruit trees are generally not mixed with orange, due to orange susceptible ulcer disease.Peach should not be mixed with Li, because many diseases and Li have many illnesses easily cross -infected.Do not plant cypresses when planting pear trees, because cypress is the winter host of pear rust.